（4）学习笔记 ） ASP.NET CORE微服务 Micro-Service ---- Consul服务发现和消费
上一章说了 Consul服务注册 现在我要连接上Consul里面的服务 请求它们的API接口 应该怎么做呢？ 1.找Consul要一台你需要的服务器 1.1 获取Consul下的所有注册的服务 using (var consulClient = new ConsulClient(c => c.Address = new Uri("http://127.0.0.1:8500"))) { var services = consulClient.Agent.Services().Result.Response; foreach(var service in services.Values) { Console.WriteLine($"id={service.ID},name={service.Service},ip={service.Address},port={service.Port}"); } } 1.2 随机取一个Name为MsgService的服务 下面的代码使用当前 TickCount 进行取模的方式达到随机获取一台服务器实例的效果，这叫做“客户端负载均衡”： using (var consulClient = new ConsulClient(c => c.Address = new Uri("http://127.0.0.1:8500"))) { var services = consulClient.Agent.Services().Result.Response.Values.Where(s => s.Service.Equals("MsgService", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)); if(!services.Any()) { Console.WriteLine("找不到服务的实例"); } else { var service = services.ElementAt(Environment.TickCount%services.Count()); Console.WriteLine($"{service.Address}:{service.Port}"); } } 当然在一个毫秒之类会所有请求都压给一台服务器，基本就够用了。也可以自己写随机、轮询等客户端负载均衡算法，也可以自己实现按不同权重分配（注册时候 Tags 带上配置、权重等信息）等算法。 2.请求服务器的接口 你拿到了http地址 难道还不会请求接口么 找个httphelper 直接请求就好了 如果还是不会 就来群里问吧 群号：608188505 给大家上一个 我常用的httphelper 可能被我该的不像样了 不过相信大家都会用 不会的话 来群里找我吧。 1 using System; 2 using System.Collections.Generic; 3 using System.Diagnostics; 4 using System.IO; 5 using System.IO.Compression; 6 using System.Linq; 7 using System.Net; 8 using System.Net.Security; 9 using System.Runtime.InteropServices; 10 using System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates; 11 using System.Text; 12 using System.Text.RegularExpressions; 13 using System.Threading.Tasks; 14 15 namespace ClientApp 16 {/// <summary> 17 /// Http连接操作帮助类 18 /// </summary> 19 public class HttpHelper 20 { 21 private const int ConnectionLimit = 100; 22 //编码 23 private Encoding _encoding = Encoding.Default; 24 //浏览器类型 25 private string[] _useragents = new string[]{ 26 "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/42.0.2311.90 Safari/537.36", 27 "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/7.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0)", 28 "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; rv:36.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/36.0", 29 "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:31.0) Gecko/20130401 Firefox/31.0" 30 }; 31 32 private String _useragent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/42.0.2311.90 Safari/537.36"; 33 //接受类型 34 private String _accept = "text/html, application/xhtml+xml, application/xml, */*"; 35 //超时时间 36 private int _timeout = 30 * 1000; 37 //类型 38 private string _contenttype = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"; 39 //cookies 40 private String _cookies = ""; 41 //cookies 42 private CookieCollection _cookiecollection; 43 //custom heads 44 private Dictionary<string, string> _headers = new Dictionary<string, string>(); 45 46 public HttpHelper() 47 { 48 _headers.Clear(); 49 //随机一个useragent 50 _useragent = _useragents[new Random().Next(0, _useragents.Length)]; 51 //解决性能问题? 52 ServicePointManager.DefaultConnectionLimit = ConnectionLimit; 53 } 54 55 public void InitCookie() 56 { 57 _cookies = ""; 58 _cookiecollection = null; 59 _headers.Clear(); 60 } 61 62 /// <summary> 63 /// 设置当前编码 64 /// </summary> 65 /// <param name="en"></param> 66 public void SetEncoding(Encoding en) 67 { 68 _encoding = en; 69 } 70 71 /// <summary> 72 /// 设置UserAgent 73 /// </summary> 74 /// <param name="ua"></param> 75 public void SetUserAgent(String ua) 76 { 77 _useragent = ua; 78 } 79 80 public void RandUserAgent() 81 { 82 _useragent = _useragents[new Random().Next(0, _useragents.Length)]; 83 } 84 85 public void SetCookiesString(string c) 86 { 87 _cookies = c; 88 } 89 90 /// <summary> 91 /// 设置超时时间 92 /// </summary> 93 /// <param name="sec"></param> 94 public void SetTimeOut(int msec) 95 { 96 _timeout = msec; 97 } 98 99 public void SetContentType(String type) 100 { 101 _contenttype = type; 102 } 103 104 public void SetAccept(String accept) 105 { 106 _accept = accept; 107 } 108 109 /// <summary> 110 /// 添加自定义头 111 /// </summary> 112 /// <param name="key"></param> 113 /// <param name="ctx"></param> 114 public void AddHeader(String key, String ctx) 115 { 116 //_headers.Add(key,ctx); 117 _headers[key] = ctx; 118 } 119 120 /// <summary> 121 /// 清空自定义头 122 /// </summary> 123 public void ClearHeader() 124 { 125 _headers.Clear(); 126 } 127 128 /// <summary> 129 /// 获取HTTP返回的内容 130 /// </summary> 131 /// <param name="response"></param> 132 /// <returns></returns> 133 private String GetStringFromResponse(HttpWebResponse response) 134 { 135 String html = ""; 136 try 137 { 138 Stream stream = response.GetResponseStream(); 139 StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(stream, Encoding.UTF8); 140 html = sr.ReadToEnd(); 141 142 sr.Close(); 143 stream.Close(); 144 } 145 catch (Exception e) 146 { 147 Trace.WriteLine("GetStringFromResponse Error: " + e.Message); 148 } 149 150 return html; 151 } 152 153 /// <summary> 154 /// 检测证书 155 /// </summary> 156 /// <param name="sender"></param> 157 /// <param name="certificate"></param> 158 /// <param name="chain"></param> 159 /// <param name="errors"></param> 160 /// <returns></returns> 161 private bool CheckCertificate(object sender, X509Certificate certificate, X509Chain chain, SslPolicyErrors errors) 162 { 163 return true; 164 } 165 166 /// <summary> 167 /// 发送GET请求 168 /// </summary> 169 /// <param name="url"></param> 170 /// <returns></returns> 171 public String HttpGet(String url) 172 { 173 return HttpGet(url, url); 174 } 175 176 177 /// <summary> 178 /// 发送GET请求 179 /// </summary> 180 /// <param name="url"></param> 181 /// <param name="refer"></param> 182 /// <returns></returns> 183 public String HttpGet(String url, String refer) 184 { 185 String html; 186 try 187 { 188 ServicePointManager.ServerCertificateValidationCallback = new System.Net.Security.RemoteCertificateValidationCallback(CheckCertificate); 189 HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(url); 190 request.UserAgent = _useragent; 191 request.Timeout = _timeout; 192 request.ContentType = _contenttype; 193 request.Accept = _accept; 194 request.Method = "GET"; 195 request.Referer = refer; 196 request.KeepAlive = true; 197 request.AllowAutoRedirect = true; 198 request.UnsafeAuthenticatedConnectionSharing = true; 199 request.CookieContainer = new CookieContainer(); 200 //据说能提高性能 201 //request.Proxy = null; 202 if (_cookiecollection != null) 203 { 204 foreach (Cookie c in _cookiecollection) 205 { 206 c.Domain = request.Host; 207 } 208 209 request.CookieContainer.Add(_cookiecollection); 210 } 211 212 foreach (KeyValuePair<String, String> hd in _headers) 213 { 214 request.Headers[hd.Key] = hd.Value; 215 } 216 217 HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse(); 218 html = GetStringFromResponse(response); 219 if (request.CookieContainer != null) 220 { 221 response.Cookies = request.CookieContainer.GetCookies(request.RequestUri); 222 } 223 224 if (response.Cookies != null) 225 { 226 _cookiecollection = response.Cookies; 227 } 228 if (response.Headers["Set-Cookie"] != null) 229 { 230 string tmpcookie = response.Headers["Set-Cookie"]; 231 _cookiecollection.Add(ConvertCookieString(tmpcookie)); 232 } 233 234 response.Close(); 235 return html; 236 } 237 catch (Exception e) 238 { 239 Trace.WriteLine("HttpGet Error: " + e.Message); 240 return String.Empty; 241 } 242 } 243 244 /// <summary> 245 /// 获取MINE文件 246 /// </summary> 247 /// <param name="url"></param> 248 /// <returns></returns> 249 public Byte[] HttpGetMine(String url) 250 { 251 Byte[] mine = null; 252 try 253 { 254 ServicePointManager.ServerCertificateValidationCallback = new System.Net.Security.RemoteCertificateValidationCallback(CheckCertificate); 255 HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(url); 256 request.UserAgent = _useragent; 257 request.Timeout = _timeout; 258 request.ContentType = _contenttype; 259 request.Accept = _accept; 260 request.Method = "GET"; 261 request.Referer = url; 262 request.KeepAlive = true; 263 request.AllowAutoRedirect = true; 264 request.UnsafeAuthenticatedConnectionSharing = true; 265 request.CookieContainer = new CookieContainer(); 266 //据说能提高性能 267 request.Proxy = null; 268 if (_cookiecollection != null) 269 { 270 foreach (Cookie c in _cookiecollection) 271 c.Domain = request.Host; 272 request.CookieContainer.Add(_cookiecollection); 273 } 274 275 foreach (KeyValuePair<String, String> hd in _headers) 276 { 277 request.Headers[hd.Key] = hd.Value; 278 } 279 280 HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse(); 281 Stream stream = response.GetResponseStream(); 282 MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(); 283 284 byte[] b = new byte[1024]; 285 while (true) 286 { 287 int s = stream.Read(b, 0, b.Length); 288 ms.Write(b, 0, s); 289 if (s == 0 || s < b.Length) 290 { 291 break; 292 } 293 } 294 mine = ms.ToArray(); 295 ms.Close(); 296 297 if (request.CookieContainer != null) 298 { 299 response.Cookies = request.CookieContainer.GetCookies(request.RequestUri); 300 } 301 302 if (response.Cookies != null) 303 { 304 _cookiecollection = response.Cookies; 305 } 306 if (response.Headers["Set-Cookie"] != null) 307 { 308 _cookies = response.Headers["Set-Cookie"]; 309 } 310 311 stream.Close(); 312 stream.Dispose(); 313 response.Close(); 314 return mine; 315 } 316 catch (Exception e) 317 { 318 Trace.WriteLine("HttpGetMine Error: " + e.Message); 319 return null; 320 } 321 } 322 323 /// <summary> 324 /// 发送POST请求 325 /// </summary> 326 /// <param name="url"></param> 327 /// <param name="data"></param> 328 /// <returns></returns> 329 public String HttpPost(String url, String data) 330 { 331 return HttpPost(url, data, url,null); 332 } 333 334 /// <summary> 335 /// 发送POST请求 336 /// </summary> 337 /// <param name="url"></param> 338 /// <param name="data"></param> 339 /// <param name="refer"></param> 340 /// <returns></returns> 341 public String HttpPost(String url, String data, String refer,string cookie) 342 { 343 String html; 344 try 345 { 346 ServicePointManager.ServerCertificateValidationCallback = new System.Net.Security.RemoteCertificateValidationCallback(CheckCertificate); 347 HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(url); 348 request.UserAgent = _useragent; 349 request.Timeout = _timeout; 350 request.Referer = refer; 351 request.ContentType = _contenttype; 352 request.Accept = _accept; 353 request.Method = "POST"; 354 request.KeepAlive = true; 355 request.AllowAutoRedirect = true; 356 357 request.CookieContainer = new CookieContainer(); 358 if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(cookie)) 359 { 360 _cookiecollection = this.ConvertCookieString(cookie); 361 } 362 //据说能提高性能 363 request.Proxy = null; 364 365 if (_cookiecollection != null) 366 { 367 foreach (Cookie c in _cookiecollection) 368 { 369 c.Domain = request.Host; 370 if (c.Domain.IndexOf(':') > 0) 371 c.Domain = c.Domain.Remove(c.Domain.IndexOf(':')); 372 } 373 request.CookieContainer.Add(_cookiecollection); 374 } 375 376 foreach (KeyValuePair<String, String> hd in _headers) 377 { 378 request.Headers[hd.Key] = hd.Value; 379 } 380 byte[] buffer = _encoding.GetBytes(data.Trim()); 381 request.ContentLength = buffer.Length; 382 request.GetRequestStream().Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); 383 request.GetRequestStream().Close(); 384 385 HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse(); 386 html = GetStringFromResponse(response); 387 if (request.CookieContainer != null) 388 { 389 response.Cookies = request.CookieContainer.GetCookies(request.RequestUri); 390 } 391 if (response.Cookies != null) 392 { 393 _cookiecollection = response.Cookies; 394 } 395 if (response.Headers["Set-Cookie"] != null) 396 { 397 string tmpcookie = response.Headers["Set-Cookie"]; 398 _cookiecollection.Add(ConvertCookieString(tmpcookie)); 399 } 400 401 response.Close(); 402 return html; 403 } 404 catch (Exception e) 405 { 406 Trace.WriteLine("HttpPost Error: " + e.Message); 407 return String.Empty; 408 } 409 } 410 411 412 public string UrlEncode(string str) 413 { 414 StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); 415 byte[] byStr = _encoding.GetBytes(str); 416 for (int i = 0; i < byStr.Length; i++) 417 { 418 sb.Append(@"%" + Convert.ToString(byStr[i], 16)); 419 } 420 421 return (sb.ToString()); 422 } 423 424 /// <summary> 425 /// 转换cookie字符串到CookieCollection 426 /// </summary> 427 /// <param name="ck"></param> 428 /// <returns></returns> 429 private CookieCollection ConvertCookieString(string ck) 430 { 431 CookieCollection cc = new CookieCollection(); 432 string[] cookiesarray = ck.Split(";".ToCharArray(), StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries); 433 for (int i = 0; i < cookiesarray.Length; i++) 434 { 435 string[] cookiesarray_2 = cookiesarray[i].Split(",".ToCharArray(), StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries); 436 for (int j = 0; j < cookiesarray_2.Length; j++) 437 { 438 string[] cookiesarray_3 = cookiesarray_2[j].Trim().Split("=".ToCharArray()); 439 if (cookiesarray_3.Length == 2) 440 { 441 string cname = cookiesarray_3[0].Trim(); 442 string cvalue = cookiesarray_3[1].Trim(); 443 if (cname.ToLower() != "domain" && cname.ToLower() != "path" && cname.ToLower() != "expires") 444 { 445 Cookie c = new Cookie(cname, cvalue); 446 cc.Add(c); 447 } 448 } 449 } 450 } 451 452 return cc; 453 } 454 455 456 public void DebugCookies() 457 { 458 Trace.WriteLine("**********************BEGIN COOKIES*************************"); 459 foreach (Cookie c in _cookiecollection) 460 { 461 Trace.WriteLine(c.Name + "=" + c.Value); 462 Trace.WriteLine("Path=" + c.Path); 463 Trace.WriteLine("Domain=" + c.Domain); 464 } 465 Trace.WriteLine("**********************END COOKIES*************************"); 466 } 467 468 } 469 } Httphelper 小哥哥 小姐姐们 如果本篇文章对你们有帮助的话 就点点右下角的推荐吧 0.0 现在的努力只是为了更好的将来，将来你一定不会后悔你现在的努力。一起加油吧！！！ C#/.NetCore技术交流群：608188505欢迎加群交流 如果您认为这篇文章还不错或者有所收获，您可以点击右下角的【推荐】按钮精神支持，因为这种支持是我继续写作，分享的最大动力！
