Percona XtraBackup热备份实践
实验环境及操作步骤: 一、操作系统 [root@DB-SERVER~]#cat/etc/redhat-release CentOSrelease6.8(Final) [root@DB-SERVER~]#uname-a LinuxDB-SERVER2.6.32-642.el6.x86_64#1SMPTueMay1017:27:01UTC2016x86_64x86_64x86_64GNU/Linux [root@DB-SERVER~]# 二、MySQL和percona版本及安装 [root@DB-SERVERtools]#ll total5 -rw-r--r--1rootroot5691656Apr52015cmake-2.8.8.tar.gz -rw-r--r--1rootroot24596474Apr52015mysql-5.5.32.tar.gz -rw-r--r--1rootroot5664452Oct172015percona-xtrabackup-2.3.2-1.el6.x86_64.rpm [root@DB-SERVERtools]# ①MySQL安装 [root@DB-SERVER~]#cd/opt/tools/ [root@DB-SERVERtools]#tarxfcmake-2.8.8.tar.gz [root@DB-SERVERcmake-2.8.8]#./configure [root@DB-SERVERcmake-2.8.8]#gmake [root@DB-SERVERcmake-2.8.8]#gmakeinstall [root@DB-SERVERcmake-2.8.8]#cd.. [root@DB-SERVERtools]#yuminstallncurses-devel-y [root@DB-SERVERtools]#groupaddmysql [root@DB-SERVERtools]#useraddmysql-s/sbin/nologin-M-gmysql [root@DB-SERVERtools]#tarzxfmysql-5.5.32.tar.gz [root@DB-SERVERtools]#cdmysql-5.5.32 [root@DB-SERVERmysql-5.5.32]# cmake.-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/application/mysql-5.5.32\ -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/application/mysql-5.5.32/data\ -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/application/mysql-5.5.32/tmp/mysql.sock\ -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8\ -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci\ -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=gbk,gb2312,utf8,ascii\ -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=ON\ -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1\ -DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1\ -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1\ -DWITHOUT_EXAMPLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1\ -DWITHOUT_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1\ -DWITH_FAST_MUTEXES=1\ -DWITH_ZLIB=bundled\ -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1\ -DWITH_READLINE=1\ -DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1\ -DWITH_DEBUG=0 [root@DB-SERVERmysql-5.5.32]#make&&makeinstall [root@DB-SERVERmysql-5.5.32]#cd.. [root@DB-SERVERtools]#cpmysql-5.5.32/support-files/my-small.cnf/etc/my.cnf [root@DB-SERVERtools]#echo'exportPATH=/application/mysql/bin:$PATH'>>/etc/profile [root@DB-SERVERtools]#chown-Rmysql:mysql/application/mysql/data/ [root@DB-SERVERtools]#cd/application/mysql/scripts/ [root@DB-SERVERscripts]#./mysql_install_db--basedir=/application/mysql--datadir=/application/mysql/data/--user=mysql [root@DB-SERVERscripts]#cd/opt/tools/mysql-5.5.32 [root@DB-SERVERmysql-5.5.32]#cpsupport-files/mysql.server/etc/init.d/mysqld [root@DB-SERVERmysql-5.5.32]#chmod+x/etc/init.d/mysqld [root@DB-SERVERmysql-5.5.32]#netstat-lntup|grep3306tcp000.0.0.0:33060.0.0.0:*LISTEN18591/mysqld[root@DB-SERVERmysql-5.5.32]# MySQL配置文件为: [client] port=3306 socket=/application/mysql-5.5.32/tmp/mysql.sock [mysqld] port=3306 socket=/application/mysql-5.5.32/tmp/mysql.sock datadir=/application/mysql-5.5.32/data basedir=/application/mysql-5.5.32 tmpdir=/application/mysql-5.5.32/tmp skip-external-locking key_buffer_size=16K max_allowed_packet=1M table_open_cache=4 sort_buffer_size=64K read_buffer_size=256K read_rnd_buffer_size=256K net_buffer_length=2K thread_stack=128K innodb_log_file_size=256M#没有这个参数恢复后启动会报错，所以这里设置下innodb_log_file_size=256 server-id=1 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet=16M [mysql] no-auto-rehash [myisamchk] key_buffer_size=8M sort_buffer_size=8M [mysqlhotcopy] interactive-timeout 鉴于没有设置innodb_log_file_size出现错误为: InnoDB: Error: log file ./ib_logfile0 is of different size 0 5242880 bytes 解决方法: 对于使用了默认 my.cnf（一般教程都会教你使用support-files/my-medium.cnf）的Mysql服务来说 如果中间使用了innodb的话，innodb默认的log file大小是56M 如果你的配置文件使用了类似my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf作为配置文件的话。 Mysql可以正常启动，但innodb的表无法使用 在错误日志里你会看到如下输出： InnoDB: Error: log file ./ib_logfile0 is of different size 0 5242880 bytes 现在需要做的事情就是把原来的 innodb 的ib_logfile×备份到一个目录下，然后删除掉原来的文件，重启 mysql。 你会看到ib_logfile*大小变成了你配置文件中指定的大小。 my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf的话（log file 的大小是256M：innodb_log_file_size = 256M） 你会看到很多个268435456大小的文件。 所以我在MySQL的配置文件中使用了该参数，并设置为256M 修改root登陆了密码: [root@DB-SERVERmysql-5.5.32]#/application/mysql/bin/mysqladmin-urootpassword'new-password' [root@DB-SERVERmysql-5.5.32]# ②percona的安装 [root@DB-SERVER~]#cd/opt/tools/ [root@DB-SERVERtools]#wgethttps://www.percona.com/downloads/XtraBackup/Percona-XtraBackup-2.3.2/binary/redhat/6/x86_64/percona-xtrabackup-2.3.2-1.el6.x86_64.rpm [root@DB-SERVERtools]# 安装依赖库 [root@DB-SERVERtools]#yum-yinstallperlperl-devellibaiolibaio-develperl-Time-HiResperl-DBD-MySQL [root@DB-SERVERtools]#wgetftp://rpmfind.net/linux/dag/redhat/el6/en/x86_64/dag/RPMS/libev-4.15-1.el6.rf.x86_64.rpm [root@DB-SERVERtools]#rpm-ivhlibev-4.15-1.el6.rf.x86_64.rpm [root@DB-SERVERtools]#rpm-ivhpercona-xtrabackup-2.3.2-1.el6.x86_64.rpm [root@DB-SERVERtools]#mkdir-p/databackup/xtrabackup [root@DB-SERVERtools]#mkdir-p/databackup/xtrabackuplog [root@DB-SERVERtools] ③创建用于实践的数据库并插入数据 CREATEDATABASEopark; CREATETABLE`person`( `number`int(11)DEFAULTNULL, `name`varchar(255)DEFAULTNULL, `birthday`dateDEFAULTNULL )ENGINE=INNODBDEFAULTCHARSET=utf8; INSERTINTOperson(number,name,birthday)VALUES("0001","JohnPoul",NOW()); INSERTINTOperson(number,name,birthday)VALUES("0002","JohnHock",NOW()); INSERTINTOperson(number,name,birthday)VALUES("0003","RickHock",NOW()); INSERTINTOperson(number,name,birthday)VALUES("0004","Rickstone",NOW()); INSERTINTOperson(number,name,birthday)VALUES("0005","JohnGreen",NOW()); INSERTINTOperson(number,name,birthday)VALUES("0006","JohnHalk",NOW()); INSERTINTOperson(number,name,birthday)VALUES("0007","Rickrose",NOW()); INSERTINTOperson(number,name,birthday)VALUES("0008","Rickkate",NOW()); mysql>showdatabases; +--------------------+ |Database| +--------------------+ |information_schema| |mysql| |opark| |performance_schema| |test| +--------------------+ 5rowsinset(0.00sec) mysql>useopark; Databasechanged mysql>select*fromperson; +--------+------------+------------+ |number|name|birthday| +--------+------------+------------+ |1|JohnPoul|2016-09-18| |2|JohnHock|2016-09-18| |3|RickHock|2016-09-18| |4|Rickstone|2016-09-18| |5|JohnGreen|2016-09-18| |6|JohnHalk|2016-09-18| |7|Rickrose|2016-09-18| |8|Rickkate|2016-09-18| +--------+------------+------------+ 8rowsinset(0.01sec) mysql> ④创建备份用户和授权 mysql>grantSELECT,RELOAD,SHOWDATABASES,SUPER,LOCKTABLES,REPLICATIONCLIENT,SHOWVIEW,EVENT,FILEon*.*tobackup@'localhost'identifiedby'MANAGER'; 三、实战备份操作 （1）全备与恢复 ①.全备操作 [root@DB-SERVER~]#cd/databackup/ [root@DB-SERVERdatabackup]#ll total4 drwx------6rootroot4096Sep1801:402016-09-18_01-40-28 [root@DB-SERVERdatabackup]# [root@DB-SERVERdatabackup]#innobackupex--user=backup--password='MANAGER'/databackup/ 16091802:48:10innobackupex:Startingthebackupoperation IMPORTANT:Pleasecheckthatthebackupruncompletessuccessfully. Attheendofasuccessfulbackupruninnobackupex prints"completedOK!". 16091802:48:13Backupcreatedindirectory'/databackup//2016-09-18_02-48-10' 16091802:48:13[00]Writingbackup-my.cnf 16091802:48:13[00]...done 16091802:48:13[00]Writingxtrabackup_info 16091802:48:13[00]...done xtrabackup:Transactionlogoflsn(1609238)to(1609238)wascopied. 16091802:48:13completedOK! [root@DB-SERVERdatabackup]# [root@DB-SERVERdatabackup]#ll total8 drwx------6rootroot4096Sep1801:402016-09-18_01-40-28 drwx------6rootroot4096Sep1802:482016-09-18_02-48-10 [root@DB-SERVERdatabackup]# ②.全备恢复操作 对于一般恢复，都是直接用备份文件还原，如果我们这里也是直接运用该备份文件，则可能会导致一些意想不到的问题，比如:备份的数据中可能会包含尚未提交的事务或已经提交但尚未同步至数据文件中的事务。因此，此时数据文件处于不一致的状态，我们现在就是要通过回滚未提交的事务及同步已经提交的事务至数据文件也使得数据文件处于一致性状态。所以我们要用如下命令进行检查 [root@DB-SERVERdatabackup]#innobackupex--apply-log/databackup/2016-09-18_02-48-10/ InnoDB:128rollbacksegment(s)areactive. InnoDB:Waitingforpurgetostart InnoDB:5.6.24started;logsequencenumber1609740 xtrabackup:startingshutdownwithinnodb_fast_shutdown=1 InnoDB:FTSoptimizethreadexiting. InnoDB:Startingshutdown... InnoDB:Shutdowncompleted;logsequencenumber1609750 16091802:53:59completedOK! [root@DB-SERVERdatabackup]# 关闭数据库，模拟数据丢失，可以将MySQL的数据目录删除，我们这里为了演示方便，直接把数据目录改名 [root@DB-SERVER~]#/etc/init.d/mysldstop ShuttingdownMySQL.SUCCESS! [root@DB-SERVER~]#cd/application/mysql-5.5.32/ [root@DB-SERVERmysql-5.5.32]#ll total84 drwxr-xr-x2mysqlmysql4096Sep1723:36bin -rw-r--r--1mysqlmysql17987Jul22013COPYING drwx------6mysqlmysql4096Sep1802:54data drwxr-xr-x6mysqlmysql4096Sep1801:40data.backup drwxr-xr-x2mysqlmysql4096Sep1723:36docs drwxr-xr-x3mysqlmysql4096Sep1723:36include -rw-r--r--1mysqlmysql7470Jul22013INSTALL-BINARY drwxr-xr-x3mysqlmysql4096Sep1723:36lib drwxr-xr-x4mysqlmysql4096Sep1723:36man drwxr-xr-x10mysqlmysql4096Sep1723:36mysql-test -rw-r--r--1mysqlmysql2496Jul22013README drwxr-xr-x2mysqlmysql4096Sep1723:36scripts drwxr-xr-x27mysqlmysql4096Sep1723:36share drwxr-xr-x4mysqlmysql4096Sep1723:36sql-bench drwxr-xr-x3mysqlmysql4096Sep1723:36support-files drwxr-xr-x2mysqlroot4096Sep1802:54tmp [root@DB-SERVERmysql-5.5.32]#mvdatadata.backup [root@DB-SERVERmysql-5.5.32]#mkdirdata [root@DB-SERVERmysql-5.5.32]# [root@DB-SERVERmysql-5.5.32]#lldata total2 [root@DB-SERVERmysql-5.5.32]# 目录data下没有数据，接下来执行恢复操作 [root@DB-SERVERdatabackup]#innobackupex--copy-back/databackup/2016-09-18_02-48-10/ 16091802:57:41innobackupex:Startingthecopy-backoperation IMPORTANT:Pleasecheckthatthecopy-backruncompletessuccessfully. Attheendofasuccessfulcopy-backruninnobackupex prints"completedOK!". innobackupexversion2.3.2basedonMySQLserver5.6.24Linux(x86_64)(revisionid:306a2e0) 16091802:57:41[01]Copyingib_logfile0to/application/mysql-5.5.32/data/ib_logfile0 16091802:57:41[01]...done 16091802:57:42[01]Copying./opark/db.optto/application/mysql-5.5.32/data/opark/db.opt 16091802:57:42[01]...done 16091802:57:42[01]Copying./test/db.optto/application/mysql-5.5.32/data/test/db.opt 16091802:57:42[01]...done 16091802:57:42completedOK! [root@DB-SERVERdatabackup]# 再看MySQL数据目录，数据目录data下数据已经过来了 [root@DB-SERVERmysql-5.5.32]#lldata total116756 -rw-r-----1rootroot18874368Sep1802:57ibdata1 -rw-r-----1rootroot50331648Sep1802:57ib_logfile0 -rw-r-----1rootroot50331648Sep1802:57ib_logfile1 drwx------2rootroot4096Sep1802:57mysql drwx------2rootroot4096Sep1802:57opark drwx------2rootroot4096Sep1802:57performance_schema drwx------2rootroot4096Sep1802:57test -rw-r-----1rootroot429Sep1802:57xtrabackup_info [root@DB-SERVERmysql-5.5.32]# 启动数据库 [root@DB-SERVERmysql-5.5.32]#/etc/init.d/mysldstart StartingMySQL.ERROR!TheserverquitwithoutupdatingPIDfile(/application/mysql-5.5.32/data/DB-SERVER.pid). 进一步查看错误日志: [root@DB-SERVERdata]#catDB-SERVER.err 16091818:04:18mysqld_safeStartingmysqlddaemonwithdatabasesfrom/application/mysql-5.5.32/data 16091818:04:18[Note]Plugin'FEDERATED'isdisabled. /application/mysql-5.5.32/bin/mysqld:Can'tfindfile:'./mysql/plugin.frm'(errno:13) 16091818:04:18[ERROR]Can'topenthemysql.plugintable.Pleaserunmysql_upgradetocreateit. 16091818:04:18InnoDB:TheInnoDBmemoryheapisdisabled 16091818:04:18InnoDB:Mutexesandrw_locksuseGCCatomicbuiltins 16091818:04:18InnoDB:Compressedtablesusezlib1.2.3 16091818:04:18InnoDB:Initializingbufferpool,size=128.0M 16091818:04:18InnoDB:Completedinitializationofbufferpool 16091818:04:18InnoDB:Operatingsystemerrornumber13inafileoperation. InnoDB:Theerrormeansmysqlddoesnothavetheaccessrightsto InnoDB:thedirectory. InnoDB:Filename./ibdata1 InnoDB:Fileoperationcall:'open'. InnoDB:Cannotcontinueoperation. 16091818:04:18mysqld_safemysqldfrompidfile/application/mysql-5.5.32/data/DB-SERVER.pidended [root@DB-SERVERmysql-5.5.32]# 出现这样的错误一般就是data目录下的数据用户名和和属组不是mysql，所以这里修改下: [root@DB-SERVERmysql-5.5.32]#chown-Rmysql.mysqldata [root@DB-SERVERmysql-5.5.32]#lldata total116760 -rw-r-----1mysqlmysql1025Sep1803:00DB-SERVER.err -rw-r-----1mysqlmysql18874368Sep1802:57ibdata1 -rw-r-----1mysqlmysql50331648Sep1802:57ib_logfile0 -rw-r-----1mysqlmysql50331648Sep1802:57ib_logfile1 drwx------2mysqlmysql4096Sep1802:57mysql drwx------2mysqlmysql4096Sep1802:57opark drwx------2mysqlmysql4096Sep1802:57performance_schema drwx------2mysqlmysql4096Sep1802:57test -rw-r-----1mysqlmysql429Sep1802:57xtrabackup_info [root@DB-SERVERmysql-5.5.32]# 再启动运行/etc/init.d/mysqld start [root@DB-SERVERmysql-5.5.32]#/etc/init.d/mysldstart StartingMySQL..SUCCESS! [root@DB-SERVERmysql-5.5.32]#mysql-uroot-proot-hlocalhost WelcometotheMySQLmonitor.Commandsendwith;or\g. YourMySQLconnectionidis1 Serverversion:5.5.32Sourcedistribution Copyright(c)2000,2013,Oracleand/oritsaffiliates.Allrightsreserved. OracleisaregisteredtrademarkofOracleCorporationand/orits affiliates.Othernamesmaybetrademarksoftheirrespective owners. Type'help;'or'\h'forhelp.Type'\c'toclearthecurrentinputstatement. mysql>showdatabases; +--------------------+ |Database| +--------------------+ |information_schema| |mysql| |opark| |performance_schema| |test| +--------------------+ 5rowsinset(0.00sec) mysql>useopark; Databasechanged mysql>select*fromperson; +--------+------------+------------+ |number|name|birthday| +--------+------------+------------+ |1|JohnPoul|2016-09-18| |2|JohnHock|2016-09-18| |3|RickHock|2016-09-18| |4|Rickstone|2016-09-18| |5|JohnGreen|2016-09-18| |6|JohnHalk|2016-09-18| |7|Rickrose|2016-09-18| |8|Rickkate|2016-09-18| +--------+------------+------------+ 8rowsinset(0.00sec) mysql> 说明: innobackup的--copy-back选项用于执行恢复操作，它是通过复制所有数据相关文件至MySQL数据目录，因此，需要清空数据目录。我这里是将其重命名，然后再重建目录。最主要最后一步是将其权限更改 （2）.增量备份 innobackupex --user=backup --password='MANAGER' --incremental /databackup/incrementdir --incremental-basedir=/databackup/2016-09-18_03-35-06/ ①.向数据库中添加数据: INSERT INTO person (number,name,birthday) VALUES ("0009", "Reh Hat", NOW()); INSERT INTO person (number,name,birthday) VALUES ("0010", "pyhton study", NOW()); INSERT INTO person (number,name,birthday) VALUES ("0008", "Linux system", NOW()); mysql>select*fromperson; +--------+--------------+------------+ |number|name|birthday| +--------+--------------+------------+ |1|JohnPoul|2016-09-18| |2|JohnHock|2016-09-18| |3|RickHock|2016-09-18| |4|Rickstone|2016-09-18| |5|JohnGreen|2016-09-18| |6|JohnHalk|2016-09-18| |7|Rickrose|2016-09-18| |8|Rickkate|2016-09-18| |9|RehHat|2016-09-18| |10|pyhtonstudy|2016-09-18| |8|Linuxsystem|2016-09-18| +--------+--------------+------------+ 11rowsinset(0.00sec) ②.删除数据 mysql>deletefromopark.personwherename="RehHat"; QueryOK,1rowaffected(0.01sec) mysql>select*fromperson; +--------+--------------+------------+ |number|name|birthday| +--------+--------------+------------+ |1|JohnPoul|2016-09-18| |2|JohnHock|2016-09-18| |3|RickHock|2016-09-18| |4|Rickstone|2016-09-18| |5|JohnGreen|2016-09-18| |6|JohnHalk|2016-09-18| |7|Rickrose|2016-09-18| |8|Rickkate|2016-09-18| |10|pyhtonstudy|2016-09-18| |8|Linuxsystem|2016-09-18| +--------+--------------+------------+ 10rowsinset(0.00sec) mysql> [root@DB-SERVERdatabackup]#innobackupex--user=backup--password='MANAGER'--incremental/databackup/incrementdir--incremental-basedir=/databackup/2016-09-18_03-09-33 16091803:23:25ExecutingUNLOCKTABLES 16091803:23:25Alltablesunlocked 16091803:23:25Backupcreatedindirectory'/databackup/incrementdir/2016-09-18_03-23-22' 16091803:23:25[00]Writingbackup-my.cnf 16091803:23:25[00]...done 16091803:23:25[00]Writingxtrabackup_info 16091803:23:25[00]...done xtrabackup:Transactionlogoflsn(1611092)to(1611092)wascopied. 16091803:23:25completedOK! [root@DB-SERVERdatabackup]# [root@DB-SERVERdatabackup]#llincrementdir/ total4 drwx------6rootroot4096Sep1803:232016-09-18_03-23-22 [root@DB-SERVERdatabackup]#ll total24 drwx------6rootroot4096Sep1801:402016-09-18_01-40-28 drwx------6rootroot4096Sep1802:532016-09-18_02-48-10 drwx------6rootroot4096Sep1803:052016-09-18_03-05-15 drwx------6rootroot4096Sep1803:092016-09-18_03-09-33 drwxr-xr-x3rootroot4096Sep1803:23incrementdir drwxr-xr-x2rootroot4096Sep1803:16xtrabackuplog [root@DB-SERVERdatabackup]# 其中，--incremental-basedir指的是完全备份所在的目录，此命令执行结束后，innobackupex命令会在/data/backup目录中创建一个新的以时间命名的目录以存放所有的增量备份数据。另外，在执行过增量备份之后再一次进行增量备份时，其--incremental-basedir应该指向上一次的增量备份所在的目录。 需要注意的是，增量备份仅能应用于InnoDB或XtraDB表，对于MyISAM表而言，执行增量备份时其实进行的是完全备份。 ③.增量备份的恢复，如果需要恢复的话需要做如下操作 [root@DB-SERVERdatabackup]#innobackupex--apply-log--redo-only/databackup/2016-09-18_03-35-06/ [root@DB-SERVERdatabackup]#innobackupex--apply-log--redo-only/databackup/2016-09-18_03-35-06/--incremental-dir=/databackup/incrementdir/2016-09-18_03-38-06/ 如果存在多次增量备份的话，就需要多次执行.如 [root@DB-SERVER~]#innobackupex--apply-log--redo-onlyBACKUPDIR [root@DB-SERVER~]#innobackupex--apply-log--redo-onlyBACKUPDIR--incremental-dir=INCREMENTDIR-1 [root@DB-SERVER~]#innobackupex--apply-log--redo-onlyBACKUPDIR--incremental-dir=INCREMENTDIR-2 BACKUP是全备目录，INCREMENTDIR是增量备份目录，上面是有2次增量备份，如果存在多次增量备份，则需要多次运行如上的命令 另外一种增量恢复方式为:分别将多次的增量备份依次合并到全量备份中，最后执行全量恢复，比如: [root@DB-SERVER~]#innobackupex--apply-log--redo-only--incremental/databackup/2016-09-18_03-35-06/--incremental-dir=/databackup/incrementdir/2016-09-18_03-55-12/ [root@DB-SERVER~]#innobackupex--apply-log--redo-only--incremental/databackup/2016-09-18_03-35-06/--incremental-dir=/databackup/incrementdir/2016-09-18_04-11-30/ [root@DB-SERVER~]#innobackupex--apply-log--redo-only--incremental/databackup/2016-09-18_03-35-06/--incremental-dir=/databackup/incrementdir/2016-09-18_04-17-11/ [root@DB-SERVER~]#innobackupex--apply-log--redo-only/databackup/2016-09-18_03-35-06/ 其中:2016-09-18_03-35-06是全备，后面的2016-09-18_03-55-12、2016-09-18_04-11-30、2016-09-18_04-17-11为增量备份 （3）.Xtrabackup的备份压缩 Xtrabackup对备份的数据文件支持“流”功能，即可以将备份的数据通过STDOUT传输给tar程序进行归档，而不是默认的直接保存至某备份目录中。要使用此功能，仅需要使用--stream选项即可。如： 1 innobackupex --user=backup --password='MANAGER' --stream=tar /databackup/ | gzip > /databackup/`date +%F_%H-%M-%S`.tar.gz
