设计模式——管道模式
管道（执行流）模型由 Pipeline（管道）/ Valve（阀门）/ Context（上下文） 组成 概念 我们把特定的业务，比如订单业务中的临时订单、订单提交以及订单支付等，抽象成一组Pipeline（管道）； 拿生成临时订单业务来说，执行流程包括：1参数校验->2业务数据校验->3业务处理，这里的三段子流程是严格按照顺序执行的，我们用Valve（阀门）定义它们，每一个子流程即一个Valve； 在管道模式中，我们要处理的对象是一组业务数据，即概念中的Context（上下文），Context贯穿于整个执行流程。 意义 管道模式是多步流程业务很好的抽象，内部基于单链表实现顺序执行，具有强顺序性； 管道模式对于整体流程的拆分，使得业务的扩展性大大增强，当业务需求发生变化，只需要确定需要加入/删除的子流程位置即可，就像从单链表中增加/删除一个节点。 实现 模块结构 PipeLineContext 实现管道上下文的概念，内部记录一个所处阀门在管道中的索引；使用HashMap存储业务数据，用户流程进行时的数据传递。 public class PipeLineContext { private PipeLineContext() { } @Getter private int index; @Getter private Map<String, Object> context; public PipeLineContext(int size) { this.index = 0; this.context = new HashMap<>(size); } public void put(String key, Object value) { context.put(key, value); } public void get(String key) { context.get(key); } @JSONField(serialize = false) public int getAndIncrement() { this.index++; return index; } @Override public String toString() { return "{\"index\":\"" + index + "\", \"context\":\"" + JSON.toJSONString(context) + "\"}"; } } PipeLine 管道接口，包括添加阀门方法以及开启管道方法 public interface PipeLine { /** * 添加阀门 * @param valve 阀门 */ void addValve(Valve valve); /** * 开启管道 * @param pipeLineContext 管道上下文 * @return FlowResult */ FlowResult start(PipeLineContext pipeLineContext); } Valve 阀门接口，阀门都需实现该接口或者该接口的扩展接口 public interface Valve { /** * 获取下一个阀门 * @return Valve 阀门 */ Valve getNext(); /** * 设置下一个阀门 * @param valve 阀门 */ void setNext(Valve valve); /** * 执行管道 * @param pipeLineContext 管道上下文 * @return FlowResult */ FlowResult invoke(PipeLineContext pipeLineContext); } NormalPipeLine PipeLine接口通用实现 @Component public class NormalPipeLine implements PipeLine { private Valve head = null; private Valve next = null; @Override public void addValve(Valve valve) { if (head == null) { head = valve; valve.setNext(next); } else { Valve current = head; while (current != null) { if (current.getNext() == next) { current.setNext(valve); valve.setNext(next); break; } current = current.getNext(); } } } @Override public FlowResult start(PipeLineContext pipeLineContext) { if (pipeLineContext == null) { return FlowResult.fail("pipeLineContext should be not null!"); } if (head == null) { return FlowResult.fail("there's no valve in current pipeLine!"); } return head.invoke(pipeLineContext); } } NormalValve Valve接口通用实现 public class NormalValve implements Valve { protected Valve next = null; @Override public Valve getNext() { return next; } @Override public void setNext(Valve valve) { this.next = valve; } @Override public FlowResult invoke(PipeLineContext pipeLineContext) { return processContinue(pipeLineContext); } protected FlowResult processContinue(PipeLineContext pipeLineContext) { return next == null ? FlowResult.ok() : getNext().invoke(pipeLineContext); } } Validator 订单-临时订单前置参数校验 @Slf4j @Component public class Validator extends NormalValve { @Override public FlowResult invoke(PipeLineContext pipeLineContext) { pipeLineContext.put("param", "1"); return processContinue(pipeLineContext); } } 使用AOP织入阀门，跟踪执行流 @Slf4j @Aspect @Component public class PipeLineAspect { /** * 定义阀门invoke切点 */ @Pointcut(value = "this(com.nooice.order.common.pipeline.Valve) " + "&& execution(* invoke(com.nooice.order.common.pipeline.model.PipeLineContext)) && args((pipeLineContext))", argNames = "pipeLineContext") public void valveInvokeCutOffPoint(PipeLineContext pipeLineContext) { } @Before(value = "valveInvokeCutOffPoint(pipeLineContext)", argNames = "point,pipeLineContext") public void doBefore(JoinPoint point, PipeLineContext pipeLineContext) { int currentIndex = pipeLineContext.getAndIncrement(); String className = point.getTarget().getClass().getName(); log.info("管道前置通知-{}号阀门({})进入执行, pipeLineContext={}", currentIndex, className, pipeLineContext.toString()); } } 测试 @Slf4j @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @SpringBootTest(classes = Application.class) public class PipelineTest { @Autowired private NormalPipeLine normalPipeLine; @Autowired private Validator validator; @Autowired private OrderPreviewValidator orderPreviewValidator; @Autowired private Processor processor; @Test public void testUserController() { // 定义上下文 PipeLineContext pipeLineContext = new PipeLineContext(0); pipeLineContext.put("index", "0"); // 增加阀门 normalPipeLine.addValve(validator); // 参数校验阀门 normalPipeLine.addValve(orderPreviewValidator); // 业务校验阀门 normalPipeLine.addValve(processor); // 业务处理阀门 // 管道执行 FlowResult flowResult = normalPipeLine.start(pipeLineContext); log.info(JSON.toJSONString(flowResult)); } } 管道前置通知-1号阀门(com.nooice.order.common.pipeline.validator.Validator)进入执行, pipeLineContext=管道前置通知-2号阀门(com.nooice.order.common.pipeline.validator.OrderPreviewValidator)进入执行, pipeLineContext={"index":"2", "context":"{"index":"0","param":"1"}"} 管道前置通知-3号阀门(com.nooice.order.common.pipeline.processor.Processor)进入执行, pipeLineContext={"index":"3", "context":"{"index":"0","param":"2"}"} PipelineTest: {"code":1,"message":"成功"}
