001 - 使用鸿蒙WebView创建简单浏览器 step 1
打开官网,找到WebView的文档(模拟器不支持) 鸿蒙webview的开发指南(原始链接,方便大家识别并点击):https://developer.harmonyos.com/cn/docs/documentation/doc-guides/ui-java-component-webview-0000001092715158 2. 创建一个Page Ability,把基本布局弄好 下面是代码 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <DirectionalLayout xmlns:ohos="http://schemas.huawei.com/res/ohos" ohos:height="match_parent" ohos:width="match_parent" ohos:orientation="vertical"> <DirectionalLayout ohos:height="30vp" ohos:width="match_parent" ohos:orientation="horizontal"> <TextField ohos:id="$+id:text_webView_Url" ohos:height="match_content" ohos:width="match_parent" ohos:background_element="$graphic:background_ability_simple_web_view" ohos:focus_border_enable="true" ohos:hint="请输入网址" ohos:max_text_lines="1" ohos:multiple_lines="false" ohos:scrollable="true" ohos:text="www.harmonyos.com" ohos:text_size="50" ohos:weight="1" /> <Button ohos:id="$+id:button_webview_surf" ohos:height="match_content" ohos:width="60vp" ohos:background_element="$graphic:button_element" ohos:text="跳转" ohos:text_size="50"/> </DirectionalLayout> <ProgressBar ohos:id="$+id:other_webView_progressBar" ohos:height="10vp" ohos:width="match_parent" ohos:visibility="hide"> </ProgressBar> <ohos.agp.components.webengine.WebView ohos:id="$+id:webview_webview_webview" ohos:height="match_parent" ohos:width="match_parent" ohos:weight="1"> </ohos.agp.components.webengine.WebView> <DirectionalLayout ohos:height="30vp" ohos:width="match_parent" ohos:orientation="horizontal"> <DirectionalLayout ohos:height="match_content" ohos:width="match_parent" ohos:orientation="horizontal" ohos:weight="1"> <Button ohos:id="$+id:button_webview_back" ohos:height="match_content" ohos:width="match_parent" ohos:background_element="$graphic:button_element" ohos:layout_alignment="horizontal_center" ohos:text="向后" ohos:text_size="50" > </Button> </DirectionalLayout> <DirectionalLayout ohos:height="match_content" ohos:width="match_parent" ohos:orientation="horizontal" ohos:weight="1"> <Button ohos:id="$+id:button_webview_refresh" ohos:height="match_content" ohos:width="match_parent" ohos:background_element="$graphic:button_element" ohos:layout_alignment="horizontal_center" ohos:text="刷新" ohos:text_size="50"> </Button> </DirectionalLayout> <DirectionalLayout ohos:height="match_content" ohos:width="match_parent" ohos:orientation="horizontal" ohos:weight="1"> <Button ohos:id="$+id:button_webview_forward" ohos:height="match_content" ohos:width="match_parent" ohos:background_element="$graphic:button_element" ohos:layout_alignment="horizontal_center" ohos:text="向前" ohos:text_size="50"> </Button> </DirectionalLayout> </DirectionalLayout> </DirectionalLayout> 把基本的按钮事件弄好 序号 按钮 功能 1 跳转 把文本框中的网址打开 2 后退 在webview中点了新链接后,想回去看一看 3 刷新 以前的人在网络不好,美女图片出不来的时候用,现在一般是发了一篇帖子后,作者会没事点一下,看看有没有人点赞 4 前进 跟后退是关联用的,就是点了新链接,回去看了看后,还是觉得新链接更好看,就又要前进. 代码 Component.ClickedListener clickedListener = new Component.ClickedListener() { @Override public void onClick(Component component) { int componentId = component.getId(); switch (componentId) { case ResourceTable.Id_button_webview_surf: { urlAddress = textWebViewUrl.getText(); if (urlAddress.isEmpty()) { return; } if (!urlAddress.startsWith(FinalValue.URL_HTTPS)) { urlAddress = FinalValue.URL_HTTPS + urlAddress; } webView.load(urlAddress); } break; case ResourceTable.Id_button_webview_back: { if (webView.getNavigator().canGoBack()) { webView.getNavigator().goBack(); } } break; case ResourceTable.Id_button_webview_refresh: { webView.reload(); } break; case ResourceTable.Id_button_webview_forward: { if (webView.getNavigator().canGoForward()) { webView.getNavigator().goForward(); } } break; default: { System.out.println("没有选择任何的页面"); } break; } } }; 把WebView照文档上面的要求弄好 没啥好说的,就是规定.我加在了调用load方法打开网址那行代码后面,我还弄了一个跟进度条关联的功能 //允许javascript交互 WebConfig webConfig = webView.getWebConfig(); webConfig.setDataAbilityPermit(true); webConfig.setJavaScriptPermit(true); webConfig.setLoadsImagesPermit(true); webConfig.setMediaAutoReplay(true); webConfig.setLocationPermit(true); webConfig.setSecurityMode(WebConfig.SECURITY_SELF_ADAPTIVE); webView.setWebAgent(new WebAgent() { @Override public void onLoadingPage(WebView webView, String url, PixelMap favicon) { super.onLoadingPage(webView, url, favicon); // 这儿我加了一个更新网址文本框中新页面url的功能 if (url != urlAddress) { textWebViewUrl.setText(url); } } @Override public void onPageLoaded(WebView webView, String url) { super.onPageLoaded(webView, url); // 页面加载结束后自定义处理 } @Override public void onLoadingContent(WebView webView, String url) { super.onLoadingContent(webView, url); // 加载资源时自定义处理 } @Override public void onError(WebView webView, ResourceRequest request, ResourceError error) { super.onError(webView, request, error); // 发生错误时自定义处理 } }); webView.setBrowserAgent(new BrowserAgent(SimpleWebViewAbilitySlice.this) { @Override public void onTitleUpdated(WebView webView, String title) { super.onTitleUpdated(webView, title); // 标题变更时自定义处理 } @Override public void onProgressUpdated(WebView webView, int newProgress) { super.onProgressUpdated(webView, newProgress); if (newProgress < FinalValue.PROGRESS_BAR_FINISHED) { otherWebViewProgressBar.setVisibility(Component.VISIBLE); otherWebViewProgressBar.setProgressValue(newProgress); } else if (newProgress == FinalValue.PROGRESS_BAR_FINISHED) { otherWebViewProgressBar.setVisibility(Component.HIDE); } // 加载进度变更时自定义处理 } }); 完事?or完了还有事? 从上面拷代码的话,估计完事了.但是,我是用的回忆,但是代码却没有回退,所以我还是有必要在这儿把步骤中的问题说一说,方便不拷代码的同学也能跑出一个界面.主要体现如下: 权限配置,不多说 "reqPermissions": [ { "name": "ohos.permission.INTERNET" } ] xml中的WebView要带包名 <ohos.agp.components.webengine.WebView ohos:id="$+id:webview_webview_webview" ohos:height="match_parent" ohos:width="match_parent" ohos:weight="1"> </ohos.agp.components.webengine.WebView> 不按上面包名写的话: 真机运行后没有WebView的界面.哪怕weight=1,也不行 点击跳转按钮后,PageAbility会闪退,回到首屏(调用它的页面) 完事效果:https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1tK4y1o7Hz/ 完整代码 布局 序号为2的步骤中贴全了 按钮背景 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <shape xmlns:ohos="http://schemas.huawei.com/res/ohos" ohos:shape="rectangle"> <corners ohos:radius="20"/> <solid ohos:color="#70dbdb"/> </shape> java代码 package com.javaaier.family.huawei.slice; import com.javaaier.family.huawei.ResourceTable; import com.javaaier.family.huawei.common.FinalValue; import ohos.aafwk.ability.AbilitySlice; import ohos.aafwk.content.Intent; import ohos.agp.components.*; import ohos.agp.components.webengine.*; import ohos.media.image.PixelMap; /** * @Author JavaAIer * @Description : webview控件例子1:用于简单的测试webview的用法 <br/> * 001 简单webview示例 * @Date: 2021/4/16 */ public class SimpleWebViewAbilitySlice extends AbilitySlice { String urlAddress; ProgressBar otherWebViewProgressBar; TextField textWebViewUrl; Button buttonWebViewSurf, buttonWebViewBack, buttonWebViewRefresh, buttonWebViewForward; WebView webView; Component.ClickedListener clickedListener = new Component.ClickedListener() { @Override public void onClick(Component component) { int componentId = component.getId(); switch (componentId) { case ResourceTable.Id_button_webview_surf: { urlAddress = textWebViewUrl.getText(); if (urlAddress.isEmpty()) { return; } if (!urlAddress.startsWith(FinalValue.URL_HTTPS)) { urlAddress = FinalValue.URL_HTTPS + urlAddress; } webView.load(urlAddress); //允许javascript交互 WebConfig webConfig = webView.getWebConfig(); webConfig.setDataAbilityPermit(true); webConfig.setJavaScriptPermit(true); webConfig.setLoadsImagesPermit(true); webConfig.setMediaAutoReplay(true); webConfig.setLocationPermit(true); webConfig.setSecurityMode(WebConfig.SECURITY_SELF_ADAPTIVE); webView.setWebAgent(new WebAgent() { @Override public void onLoadingPage(WebView webView, String url, PixelMap favicon) { super.onLoadingPage(webView, url, favicon); // 页面开始加载时自定义处理 if (url != urlAddress) { textWebViewUrl.setText(url); } } @Override public void onPageLoaded(WebView webView, String url) { super.onPageLoaded(webView, url); // 页面加载结束后自定义处理 } @Override public void onLoadingContent(WebView webView, String url) { super.onLoadingContent(webView, url); // 加载资源时自定义处理 } @Override public void onError(WebView webView, ResourceRequest request, ResourceError error) { super.onError(webView, request, error); // 发生错误时自定义处理 } }); webView.setBrowserAgent(new BrowserAgent(SimpleWebViewAbilitySlice.this) { @Override public void onTitleUpdated(WebView webView, String title) { super.onTitleUpdated(webView, title); // 标题变更时自定义处理 } @Override public void onProgressUpdated(WebView webView, int newProgress) { super.onProgressUpdated(webView, newProgress); if (newProgress < FinalValue.PROGRESS_BAR_FINISHED) { otherWebViewProgressBar.setVisibility(Component.VISIBLE); otherWebViewProgressBar.setProgressValue(newProgress); } else if (newProgress == FinalValue.PROGRESS_BAR_FINISHED) { otherWebViewProgressBar.setVisibility(Component.HIDE); } // 加载进度变更时自定义处理 } }); } break; case ResourceTable.Id_button_webview_back: { if (webView.getNavigator().canGoBack()) { webView.getNavigator().goBack(); } } break; case ResourceTable.Id_button_webview_refresh: { webView.reload(); } break; case ResourceTable.Id_button_webview_forward: { if (webView.getNavigator().canGoForward()) { webView.getNavigator().goForward(); } } break; default: { System.out.println("没有选择任何的页面"); } break; } } }; /** * @Author JavaAIer * @Description : * @Date: 2021/4/16 14:46 * * @param intent */ @Override public void onStart(Intent intent) { super.onStart(intent); super.setUIContent(ResourceTable.Layout_ability_simple_web_view); otherWebViewProgressBar = (ProgressBar) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_other_webView_progressBar); textWebViewUrl = (TextField) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_text_webView_Url); buttonWebViewSurf = (Button) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_button_webview_surf); buttonWebViewSurf.setClickedListener(clickedListener); buttonWebViewBack = (Button) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_button_webview_back); buttonWebViewBack.setClickedListener(clickedListener); buttonWebViewRefresh = (Button) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_button_webview_refresh); buttonWebViewRefresh.setClickedListener(clickedListener); buttonWebViewForward = (Button) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_button_webview_forward); buttonWebViewForward.setClickedListener(clickedListener); webView = (WebView) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_webview_webview_webview); } @Override public void onActive() { super.onActive(); } @Override public void onForeground(Intent intent) { super.onForeground(intent); } } /* * 这一截卡哇伊大喵在config.json用了,我发现用不用没啥区别啊 * https://blog.csdn.net/qq_33259323/article/details/115596296 * "default": { "network": { "cleartextTraffic": true, "securityConfig": { "domainSettings": { "cleartextPermitted": true, "domains": [ { "subdomains": true, "name": "www.harmonyos.com" } ] } } } } * * */ - config.json ``` json { "app": { "bundleName": "com.javaaier.family.huawei", "vendor": "javaaier", "version": { "code": 1, "name": "1.0" }, "apiVersion": { "compatible": 5, "target": 5, "releaseType": "Beta1" } }, "deviceConfig": { }, "module": { "package": "com.javaaier.family.huawei", "name": ".MyApplication", "deviceType": [ "phone" ], "distro": { "deliveryWithInstall": true, "moduleName": "entry", "moduleType": "entry" }, "abilities": [ { "skills": [ { "entities": [ "entity.system.home" ], "actions": [ "action.system.home" ] } ], "orientation": "unspecified", "name": "com.javaaier.family.huawei.MainAbility", "icon": "$media:icon", "description": "$string:mainability_description", "label": "$string:app_name", "type": "page", "launchType": "standard" }, { "orientation": "unspecified", "name": "com.javaaier.family.huawei.SimpleWebViewAbility", "icon": "$media:icon", "description": "$string:simplewebviewability_description", "label": "$string:app_name", "type": "page", "launchType": "standard" } ], "reqPermissions": [ { "name": "ohos.permission.INTERNET" } ] } } 作者：人工智能姬 想了解更多内容，请访问51CTO和华为合作共建的鸿蒙社区：https://harmonyos.51cto.com#kyzg
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