Spring Boot Security 整合 JWT 实现 无状态的分布式API接口
文章首发于公众号《程序员果果》地址：https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/QO5L1-RCR-jmIuHlZIfkqQ 简介 JSON Web Token（缩写 JWT）是目前最流行的跨域认证解决方案。JSON Web Token 入门教程 - 阮一峰，这篇文章可以帮你了解JWT的概念。本文重点讲解Spring Boot 结合 jwt ，来实现前后端分离中，接口的安全调用。 快速上手 之前的文章已经对 Spring Security 进行了讲解，这一节对涉及到 Spring Security 的配置不详细讲解。若不了解 Spring Security 先移步到 Spring Boot Security 详解。 建表 DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`; DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `role`; DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user_role`; DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `role_permission`; DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `permission`; CREATE TABLE `user` ( `id` bigint(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `username` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `password` varchar(255) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ); CREATE TABLE `role` ( `id` bigint(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `name` varchar(255) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ); CREATE TABLE `user_role` ( `user_id` bigint(11) NOT NULL, `role_id` bigint(11) NOT NULL ); CREATE TABLE `role_permission` ( `role_id` bigint(11) NOT NULL, `permission_id` bigint(11) NOT NULL ); CREATE TABLE `permission` ( `id` bigint(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `url` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `name` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `description` varchar(255) NULL, `pid` bigint(11) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ); INSERT INTO user (id, username, password) VALUES (1,'user','e10adc3949ba59abbe56e057f20f883e'); INSERT INTO user (id, username , password) VALUES (2,'admin','e10adc3949ba59abbe56e057f20f883e'); INSERT INTO role (id, name) VALUES (1,'USER'); INSERT INTO role (id, name) VALUES (2,'ADMIN'); INSERT INTO permission (id, url, name, pid) VALUES (1,'/user/hi','',0); INSERT INTO permission (id, url, name, pid) VALUES (2,'/admin/hi','',0); INSERT INTO user_role (user_id, role_id) VALUES (1, 1); INSERT INTO user_role (user_id, role_id) VALUES (2, 1); INSERT INTO user_role (user_id, role_id) VALUES (2, 2); INSERT INTO role_permission (role_id, permission_id) VALUES (1, 1); INSERT INTO role_permission (role_id, permission_id) VALUES (2, 1); INSERT INTO role_permission (role_id, permission_id) VALUES (2, 2); 项目结构 resources |___application.yml java |___com | |____gf | | |____SpringbootJwtApplication.java | | |____config | | | |____.DS_Store | | | |____SecurityConfig.java | | | |____MyFilterSecurityInterceptor.java | | | |____MyInvocationSecurityMetadataSourceService.java | | | |____MyAccessDecisionManager.java | | |____entity | | | |____User.java | | | |____RolePermisson.java | | | |____Role.java | | |____mapper | | | |____PermissionMapper.java | | | |____UserMapper.java | | | |____RoleMapper.java | | |____utils | | | |____JwtTokenUtil.java | | |____controller | | | |____AuthController.java | | |____filter | | | |____JwtTokenFilter.java | | |____service | | | |____impl | | | | |____AuthServiceImpl.java | | | | |____UserDetailsServiceImpl.java | | | |____AuthService.java 关键代码 pom.xml <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId> <artifactId>jjwt</artifactId> <version>0.9.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>2.0.0</version> </dependency> application.yml spring: datasource: driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/spring-security-jwt?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false username: root password: root SecurityConfig @Configuration @EnableWebSecurity public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter { @Autowired private UserDetailsService userDetailsService; @Autowired public void configureGlobal(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception { //校验用户 auth.userDetailsService( userDetailsService ).passwordEncoder( new PasswordEncoder() { //对密码进行加密 @Override public String encode(CharSequence charSequence) { System.out.println(charSequence.toString()); return DigestUtils.md5DigestAsHex(charSequence.toString().getBytes()); } //对密码进行判断匹配 @Override public boolean matches(CharSequence charSequence, String s) { String encode = DigestUtils.md5DigestAsHex(charSequence.toString().getBytes()); boolean res = s.equals( encode ); return res; } } ); } @Override protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception { http.csrf().disable() //因为使用JWT，所以不需要HttpSession .sessionManagement().sessionCreationPolicy( SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS).and() .authorizeRequests() //OPTIONS请求全部放行 .antMatchers( HttpMethod.OPTIONS, "/**").permitAll() //登录接口放行 .antMatchers("/auth/login").permitAll() //其他接口全部接受验证 .anyRequest().authenticated(); //使用自定义的 Token过滤器 验证请求的Token是否合法 http.addFilterBefore(authenticationTokenFilterBean(), UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class); http.headers().cacheControl(); } @Bean public JwtTokenFilter authenticationTokenFilterBean() throws Exception { return new JwtTokenFilter(); } @Bean @Override public AuthenticationManager authenticationManagerBean() throws Exception { return super.authenticationManagerBean(); } } JwtTokenUtil /** * JWT 工具类 */ @Component public class JwtTokenUtil implements Serializable { private static final String CLAIM_KEY_USERNAME = "sub"; /** * 5天(毫秒) */ private static final long EXPIRATION_TIME = 432000000; /** * JWT密码 */ private static final String SECRET = "secret"; /** * 签发JWT */ public String generateToken(UserDetails userDetails) { Map<String, Object> claims = new HashMap<>(16); claims.put( CLAIM_KEY_USERNAME, userDetails.getUsername() ); return Jwts.builder() .setClaims( claims ) .setExpiration( new Date( Instant.now().toEpochMilli() + EXPIRATION_TIME ) ) .signWith( SignatureAlgorithm.HS512, SECRET ) .compact(); } /** * 验证JWT */ public Boolean validateToken(String token, UserDetails userDetails) { User user = (User) userDetails; String username = getUsernameFromToken( token ); return (username.equals( user.getUsername() ) && !isTokenExpired( token )); } /** * 获取token是否过期 */ public Boolean isTokenExpired(String token) { Date expiration = getExpirationDateFromToken( token ); return expiration.before( new Date() ); } /** * 根据token获取username */ public String getUsernameFromToken(String token) { String username = getClaimsFromToken( token ).getSubject(); return username; } /** * 获取token的过期时间 */ public Date getExpirationDateFromToken(String token) { Date expiration = getClaimsFromToken( token ).getExpiration(); return expiration; } /** * 解析JWT */ private Claims getClaimsFromToken(String token) { Claims claims = Jwts.parser() .setSigningKey( SECRET ) .parseClaimsJws( token ) .getBody(); return claims; } } JwtTokenFilter @Component public class JwtTokenFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter { @Autowired private UserDetailsService userDetailsService; @Autowired private JwtTokenUtil jwtTokenUtil; /** * 存放Token的Header Key */ public static final String HEADER_STRING = "Authorization"; @Override protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws ServletException, IOException { String token = request.getHeader( HEADER_STRING ); if (null != token) { String username = jwtTokenUtil.getUsernameFromToken(token); if (username != null && SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication() == null) { UserDetails userDetails = this.userDetailsService.loadUserByUsername(username); if (jwtTokenUtil.validateToken(token, userDetails)) { UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authentication = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken( userDetails, null, userDetails.getAuthorities()); authentication.setDetails(new WebAuthenticationDetailsSource().buildDetails( request)); SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(authentication); } } } chain.doFilter(request, response); } } AuthServiceImpl @Service public class AuthServiceImpl implements AuthService { @Autowired private AuthenticationManager authenticationManager; @Autowired private UserDetailsService userDetailsService; @Autowired private JwtTokenUtil jwtTokenUtil; @Override public String login(String username, String password) { UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken upToken = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken( username, password ); Authentication authentication = authenticationManager.authenticate(upToken); SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(authentication); UserDetails userDetails = userDetailsService.loadUserByUsername( username ); String token = jwtTokenUtil.generateToken(userDetails); return token; } } 关键代码就是这些，其他类代码参照后面提供的源码地址。 验证 登录，获取token curl -X POST -d "username=admin&password=123456" http://127.0.0.1:8080/auth/login 返回 eyJhbGciOiJIUzUxMiJ9.eyJzdWIiOiJhZG1pbiIsImV4cCI6MTU1NDQ1MzUwMX0.sglVeqnDGUL9pH1oP3Lh9XrdzJIS42VKBApd2nPJt7e1TKhCEY7AUfIXnzG9vc885_jTq4-h8R6YCtRRJzl8fQ 不带token访问资源 curl -X POST -d "name=zhangsan" http://127.0.0.1:8080/admin/hi 返回，拒绝访问 { "timestamp": "2019-03-31T08:50:55.894+0000", "status": 403, "error": "Forbidden", "message": "Access Denied", "path": "/auth/login" } 携带token访问资源 curl -X POST -H "Authorization: eyJhbGciOiJIUzUxMiJ9.eyJzdWIiOiJhZG1pbiIsImV4cCI6MTU1NDQ1MzUwMX0.sglVeqnDGUL9pH1oP3Lh9XrdzJIS42VKBApd2nPJt7e1TKhCEY7AUfIXnzG9vc885_jTq4-h8R6YCtRRJzl8fQ" -d "name=zhangsan" http://127.0.0.1:8080/admin/hi 返回正确 hi zhangsan , you have 'admin' role 源码 https://github.com/gf-huanchupk/SpringBootLearning/tree/master/springboot-jwt
