Hbase shell 常用命令1
下面我们看看HBase Shell的一些基本操作命令,我列出了几个常用的HBase Shell命令,如下: 名称 命令表达式 创建表 create '表名称', '列名称1','列名称2','列名称N' 添加记录 put '表名称', '行名称', '列名称:', '值' 查看记录 get '表名称', '行名称' 查看表中的记录总数 count '表名称' 删除记录 delete '表名' ,'行名称' , '列名称' 删除一张表 先要屏蔽该表,才能对该表进行删除,第一步 disable '表名称' 第二步 drop '表名称' 查看所有记录 scan "表名称" 查看某个表某个列中所有数据 scan "表名称" , ['列名称:'] 更新记录 就是重写一遍进行覆盖 下面是一些常见命令的说明,在hbaseshell中输入help的帮助信息,在本文中,我们先介绍前3个,后面2个,将在下一篇博文中介绍。 点击(此处)折叠或打开 输入help,查看命令帮助 hbase(main):001:0> help HBase Shell, version 1.2.0, r25b281972df2f5b15c426c8963cbf77dd853a5ad, Thu Feb 18 23:01:49 CST 2016 Type 'help "COMMAND"', (e.g. 'help "get"' -- the quotes are necessary) for help on a specific command. Commands are grouped. Type 'help "COMMAND_GROUP"', (e.g. 'help "general"') for help on a command group. COMMAND GROUPS: Group name: general Commands: status, table_help, version, whoami Group name: ddl Commands: alter, alter_async, alter_status, create, describe, disable, disable_all, drop, drop_all, enable, enable_all, exists, get_table, is_disabled, is_enabled, list, locate_region, show_filters Group name: namespace Commands: alter_namespace, create_namespace, describe_namespace, drop_namespace, list_namespace, list_namespace_tables Group name: dml Commands: append, count, delete, deleteall, get, get_counter, get_splits, incr, put, scan, truncate, truncate_preserve Group name: tools Commands: assign, balance_switch, balancer, balancer_enabled, catalogjanitor_enabled, catalogjanitor_run, catalogjanitor_switch, close_region, compact, compact_rs, flush, major_compact, merge_region, move, normalize, normalizer_enabled, normalizer_switch, split, trace, unassign, wal_roll, zk_dump Group name: replication Commands: add_peer, append_peer_tableCFs, disable_peer, disable_table_replication, enable_peer, enable_table_replication, list_peers, list_replicated_tables, remove_peer, remove_peer_tableCFs, set_peer_tableCFs, show_peer_tableCFs Group name: snapshots Commands: clone_snapshot, delete_all_snapshot, delete_snapshot, list_snapshots, restore_snapshot, snapshot Group name: configuration Commands: update_all_config, update_config Group name: quotas Commands: list_quotas, set_quota Group name: security Commands: grant, list_security_capabilities, revoke, user_permission Group name: procedures Commands: abort_procedure, list_procedures Group name: visibility labels Commands: add_labels, clear_auths, get_auths, list_labels, set_auths, set_visibility SHELL USAGE: Quote all names in HBase Shell such as table and column names. Commas delimit command parameters. Type <RETURN> after entering a command to run it. Dictionaries of configuration used in the creation and alteration of tables are Ruby Hashes. They look like this: {'key1' => 'value1', 'key2' => 'value2', ...} and are opened and closed with curley-braces. Key/values are delimited by the '=>' character combination. Usually keys are predefined constants such as NAME, VERSIONS, COMPRESSION, etc. Constants do not need to be quoted. Type 'Object.constants' to see a (messy) list of all constants in the environment. If you are using binary keys or values and need to enter them in the shell, use double-quote'd hexadecimal representation. For example: hbase> get 't1', "key\x03\x3f\xcd" hbase> get 't1', "key\003\023\011" hbase> put 't1', "test\xef\xff", 'f1: 一、一般操作 1.查询服务器状态 hbase(main):024:0>status 3 servers, 0 dead,1.0000 average load 2.查询hbase版本 hbase(main):025:0>version 0.90.4, r1150278,Sun Jul 24 15:53:29 PDT 2011 二、DDL操作 1.创建一个表 hbase(main):011:0>create 'member','member_id','address','info' 0 row(s) in 1.2210seconds 2.获得表的描述 hbase(main):012:0>list TABLE member 1 row(s) in 0.0160seconds hbase(main):006:0>describe 'member' DESCRIPTIONENABLED {NAME => 'member', FAMILIES => [{NAME=> 'address', BLOOMFILTER => 'NONE', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', true VERSIONS => '3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE',TTL => '2147483647', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'fa lse', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}, {NAME =>'info', BLOOMFILTER => 'NONE', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', VERSI ONS => '3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', TTL=> '2147483647', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'false', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}]} 1 row(s) in 0.0230seconds 3.删除一个列族,alter,disable,enable 我们之前建了3个列族,但是发现member_id这个列族是多余的,因为他就是主键,所以我们要将其删除。 hbase(main):003:0>alter 'member',{NAME=>'member_id',METHOD=>'delete'} ERROR: Table memberis enabled. Disable it first before altering. 报错,删除列族的时候必须先将表给disable掉。 hbase(main):004:0>disable 'member' 0 row(s) in 2.0390seconds hbase(main):005:0>alter'member',{NAME=>'member_id',METHOD=>'delete'} 0 row(s) in 0.0560seconds hbase(main):006:0>describe 'member' DESCRIPTIONENABLED {NAME => 'member', FAMILIES => [{NAME=> 'address', BLOOMFILTER => 'NONE', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0',false VERSIONS => '3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE',TTL => '2147483647', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'fa lse', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}, {NAME =>'info', BLOOMFILTER => 'NONE', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', VERSI ONS => '3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', TTL=> '2147483647', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'false', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}]} 1 row(s) in 0.0230seconds 该列族已经删除,我们继续将表enable hbase(main):008:0> enable 'member' 0 row(s) in 2.0420seconds 4.列出所有的表 hbase(main):028:0>list TABLE member temp_table 2 row(s) in 0.0150seconds 5.drop一个表 hbase(main):029:0>disable 'temp_table' 0 row(s) in 2.0590seconds hbase(main):030:0>drop 'temp_table' 0 row(s) in 1.1070seconds 6.查询表是否存在 hbase(main):021:0>exists 'member' Table member doesexist 0 row(s) in 0.1610seconds 7.判断表是否enable hbase(main):034:0>is_enabled 'member' true 0 row(s) in 0.0110seconds 8.判断表是否disable hbase(main):032:0>is_disabled 'member' false 0 row(s) in 0.0110seconds 三、DML操作 1.插入几条记录 put'member','scutshuxue','info:age','24' put'member','scutshuxue','info:birthday','1987-06-17' put'member','scutshuxue','info:company','alibaba' put'member','scutshuxue','address:contry','china' put'member','scutshuxue','address:province','zhejiang' put'member','scutshuxue','address:city','hangzhou' put'member','xiaofeng','info:birthday','1987-4-17' put'member','xiaofeng','info:favorite','movie' put'member','xiaofeng','info:company','alibaba' put'member','xiaofeng','address:contry','china' put'member','xiaofeng','address:province','guangdong' put'member','xiaofeng','address:city','jieyang' put'member','xiaofeng','address:town','xianqiao' 2.获取一条数据 获取一个id的所有数据 hbase(main):001:0>get 'member','scutshuxue' COLUMN CELL address:citytimestamp=1321586240244, value=hangzhou address:contrytimestamp=1321586239126, value=china address:provincetimestamp=1321586239197, value=zhejiang info:agetimestamp=1321586238965, value=24 info:birthdaytimestamp=1321586239015, value=1987-06-17 info:companytimestamp=1321586239071, value=alibaba 6 row(s) in 0.4720seconds 获取一个id,一个列族的所有数据 hbase(main):002:0>get 'member','scutshuxue','info' COLUMN CELL info:agetimestamp=1321586238965, value=24 info:birthdaytimestamp=1321586239015, value=1987-06-17 info:companytimestamp=1321586239071, value=alibaba 3 row(s) in 0.0210seconds 获取一个id,一个列族中一个列的所有数据 hbase(main):002:0>get 'member','scutshuxue','info:age' COLUMN CELL info:agetimestamp=1321586238965, value=24 1 row(s) in 0.0320seconds 6.更新一条记录 将scutshuxue的年龄改成99 hbase(main):004:0>put 'member','scutshuxue','info:age' ,'99' 0 row(s) in 0.0210seconds hbase(main):005:0>get 'member','scutshuxue','info:age' COLUMN CELL info:agetimestamp=1321586571843, value=99 1 row(s) in 0.0180seconds 3.通过timestamp来获取两个版本的数据 hbase(main):010:0>get 'member','scutshuxue',{COLUMN=>'info:age',TIMESTAMP=>1321586238965} COLUMN CELL info:agetimestamp=1321586238965, value=24 1 row(s) in 0.0140seconds hbase(main):011:0>get 'member','scutshuxue',{COLUMN=>'info:age',TIMESTAMP=>1321586571843} COLUMN CELL info:agetimestamp=1321586571843, value=99 1 row(s) in 0.0180seconds 4.全表扫描: hbase(main):013:0>scan 'member' ROWCOLUMN+CELL scutshuxuecolumn=address:city, timestamp=1321586240244, value=hangzhou scutshuxuecolumn=address:contry, timestamp=1321586239126, value=china scutshuxuecolumn=address:province, timestamp=1321586239197, value=zhejiang scutshuxue column=info:age,timestamp=1321586571843, value=99 scutshuxuecolumn=info:birthday, timestamp=1321586239015, value=1987-06-17 scutshuxuecolumn=info:company, timestamp=1321586239071, value=alibaba tempcolumn=info:age, timestamp=1321589609775, value=59 xiaofengcolumn=address:city, timestamp=1321586248400, value=jieyang xiaofengcolumn=address:contry, timestamp=1321586248316, value=china xiaofengcolumn=address:province, timestamp=1321586248355, value=guangdong xiaofengcolumn=address:town, timestamp=1321586249564, value=xianqiao xiaofengcolumn=info:birthday, timestamp=1321586248202, value=1987-4-17 xiaofengcolumn=info:company, timestamp=1321586248277, value=alibaba xiaofengcolumn=info:favorite, timestamp=1321586248241, value=movie 3 row(s) in 0.0570seconds 5.删除id为temp的值的‘info:age’字段 hbase(main):016:0>delete 'member','temp','info:age' 0 row(s) in 0.0150seconds hbase(main):018:0>get 'member','temp' COLUMN CELL 0 row(s) in 0.0150seconds 6.删除整行 hbase(main):001:0>deleteall 'member','xiaofeng' 0 row(s) in 0.3990seconds 7.查询表中有多少行: hbase(main):019:0>count 'member' 2 row(s) in 0.0160seconds 8.给‘xiaofeng’这个id增加'info:age'字段,并使用counter实现递增 hbase(main):057:0*incr 'member','xiaofeng','info:age' COUNTER VALUE = 1 hbase(main):058:0>get 'member','xiaofeng','info:age' COLUMN CELL info:agetimestamp=1321590997648, value=\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01 1 row(s) in 0.0140seconds hbase(main):059:0>incr 'member','xiaofeng','info:age' COUNTER VALUE = 2 hbase(main):060:0>get 'member','xiaofeng','info:age' COLUMN CELL info:agetimestamp=1321591025110, value=\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x02 1 row(s) in 0.0160seconds 获取当前count的值 hbase(main):069:0>get_counter 'member','xiaofeng','info:age' COUNTER VALUE = 2 9.将整张表清空: hbase(main):035:0>truncate 'member' Truncating 'member'table (it may take a while): - Disabling table... - Dropping table... - Creating table... 0 row(s) in 4.3430seconds 可以看出,hbase是先将掉disable掉,然后drop掉后重建表来实现truncate的功能的。