CentOS 7.x安装部署Memcached服务器的详细方法
操作系统：CentOS 7.x 64位
实现目的：安装部署Memcached服务器
一、防火墙设置
CentOS 7.x默认使用的是firewall作为防火墙，这里改为iptables防火墙。
1、关闭firewall：
systemctl stop firewalld.service #停止firewall
systemctl disable firewalld.service #禁止firewall开机启动
2、安装iptables防火墙
yum install iptables-services #安装
vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables #编辑防火墙配置文件
# sample configuration for iptables service
# you can edit this manually or use system-config-firewall
# please do not ask us to add additional ports/services to this default configuration
*filter
:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
-A INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 11211 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
-A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
COMMIT
:wq! #保存退出
systemctl restart iptables.service #最后重启防火墙使配置生效
systemctl enable iptables.service #设置防火墙开机启动
/usr/libexec/iptables/iptables.init restart #重启防火墙
二、关闭SELINUX
vi /etc/selinux/config
#SELINUX=enforcing #注释掉
#SELINUXTYPE=targeted #注释掉
SELINUX=disabled #增加
:wq! #保存退出
setenforce 0 #使配置立即生效
三 、系统约定
软件源代码包存放位置：/usr/local/src
源码包编译安装位置：/usr/local/软件名字
四、下载软件包
1、下载libevent
http://ftp.lfs-matrix.net/pub/blfs/conglomeration/libevent/libevent-2.0.22-stable.tar.gz
2、下载memcached
http://memcached.org/files/memcached-1.4.34.tar.gz
五、安装编译工具包
yum install -y apr* autoconf automake bison bzip2 bzip2* cloog-ppl compat* cpp curl curl-devel fontconfig fontconfig-devel freetype freetype* freetype-devel gcc gcc-c++ gtk+-devel gd gettext gettext-devel glibc kernel kernel-headers keyutils keyutils-libs-devel krb5-devel libcom_err-devel libpng libpng-devel libjpeg* libsepol-devel libselinux-devel libstdc++-devel libtool* libgomp libxml2 libxml2-devel libXpm* libxml* libtiff libtiff* make mpfr ncurses* ntp openssl openssl-devel patch pcre-devel perl php-common php-gd policycoreutils telnet t1lib t1lib* nasm nasm* wget zlib-devel
六、安装配置memcached
1、安装libevent
cd /usr/local/src
tar zxvf libevent-2.0.22-stable.tar.gz
cd libevent-2.0.22-stable
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libevent
make
make install
2、安装memcached
cd /usr/local/src
tar zxvf memcached-1.4.34.tar.gz
cd memcached-1.4.34
./configure --enable-sasl --prefix=/usr/local/memcached -with-libevent=/usr/local/libevent
make
make install
3、测试Memcached
groupadd memcached #创建组
useradd -g memcached memcached -s /bin/false #创建账号
ln -s /usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached /usr/local/bin/memcached #添加软连接
启动Memcache的服务器端的命令为：
/usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached -d -m 4096 -u root -l 192.168.4.6 -p 11211 -c 1024 -P /usr/local/memcached/memcached.pid
或者
/usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached -d -m 4096 -u memcached -l 192.168.4.6 -p 11211 -c 1024
参数说明：
-d选项是启动一个守护进程，
-m是分配给Memcache使用的内存数量，单位是MB，这里是4096MB
-u是运行Memcache的用户，比如root或者memcached
-l是监听的服务器IP地址，这里指定服务器的IP地址192.168.4.6，不设置默认监听服务器所有IP地址
-p是设置Memcache监听的端口，默认为11211
-c选项是最大运行的并发连接数，默认是1024
-P是设置保存Memcache的pid文件，/usr/local/memcached/memcached.pid
开机自启动，在/etc/rc.d/rc.local中加入一行
/usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached -d -m 4096 -u root -l 192.168.4.6 -p 11211 -c 1024 -P /usr/local/memcached/memcached.pid
也可以使用下面的命令：
/usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached -d -m 4096 -p 11211 -u memcached
ip不指定时，默认监听本地所有ip地址，用户最好选择是非root用户，例如memcached
关闭Memcached服务
cat /usr/local/memcached/memcached.pid #查看进程
kill 22856 #结束进程
或者
killall memcached #结束服务
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4、设置Memcached开机启动
vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/memcached
#!/bin/sh
#
# memcached: MemCached Daemon
#
# chkconfig: - 90 25
# description: MemCached Daemon
#
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
. /etc/sysconfig/network
MEMCACHED="/usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached"
start()
{
echo -n $"Starting memcached: "
daemon $MEMCACHED -u memcached -d -m 4096 -p 11211 -c 1024
echo
}
stop()
{
echo -n $"Shutting down memcached: "
killproc memcached
echo
}
[ -f $MEMCACHED ] || exit 0
# See how we were called.
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
restart|reload)
stop
start
;;
condrestart)
stop
start
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|reload|condrestart}"
exit 1
esac
exit 0
:wq! #保存退出
chmod 775 /etc/rc.d/init.d/memcached #赋予文件执行权限
chkconfig memcached on #设置开机启动
/etc/rc.d/init.d/memcached start #启动
至此，Linux下Memcached服务器部署完成。
