Docker数据管理
Docker的数据卷是可以绕过文件系统的，而且数据卷是可以共享，可重用的 查看数据卷： 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 [root@docker~] #dockerinspect-f``.`Volumes`volume-test1 map[ /data : /var/lib/docker/volumes/9f36c1a9b7728974566268a2beebb0b917226952280c96107388469659bfcfe5/_data ] [root@docker~] #cd/var/lib/docker/ [root@dockerdocker] #ls containersdevicemappergraphinitlinkgraph.dbrepositories-devicemappertmptrustvolumes [root@dockerdocker] #cdvolumes/ [root@dockervolumes] #ls-lrt total8 drwxr-xr-x3rootroot4096Feb2409:2963ccf5d524567c835c6d542cfc74d1a28d28fdf48a0bca0c517cb8dedf46b632 drwxr-xr-x3rootroot4096Feb2409:309f36c1a9b7728974566268a2beebb0b917226952280c96107388469659bfcfe5 [root@dockervolumes] #cd9f36c1a9b7728974566268a2beebb0b917226952280c96107388469659bfcfe5/ [root@docker9f36c1a9b7728974566268a2beebb0b917226952280c96107388469659bfcfe5] # [root@docker~] #dockerrun-it--namevolume-test1-hnginx-v/datacentos [root@nginx/] #ls/data 测试： 1、系统随机生成的目录，进行挂载 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 容器的宿主机： [root@docker9f36c1a9b7728974566268a2beebb0b917226952280c96107388469659bfcfe5] #ls _data [root@docker9f36c1a9b7728974566268a2beebb0b917226952280c96107388469659bfcfe5] #cd_data/ [root@docker_data] #ls passwd [root@docker_data] #ddif=/dev/zeroof=test.isobs=1Mcount=10 10+0records in 10+0recordsout 10485760bytes(10MB)copied,0.00956288s,1.1GB /s [root@docker_data] #ls passwd test .iso 容器内： [root@nginx/] #cd/data/ [root@nginxdata] #ls [root@nginxdata] #cp/etc/passwd. [root@nginxdata] #ls passwd [root@nginxdata] #ls passwd test .iso 说明：容器的宿主机的目录已共享给容器使用（删除容器后，原有的数据卷目录中的文件仍旧是存在的） 2、系统指定的目录，进行挂载 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 宿主机的操作： [root@docker~] #mkdir-p/volume-test2-data [root@docker~] #dockerrun-it-d--namevolume-test2-hcentos7--restart=always-v/volume-test2-data:/centos-datacentos 29e9a41e563d514c8b9f14d14a0426af955651b28109c4851cfec40a186244d0 [root@docker~] #dockerps-l CONTAINERIDIMAGECOMMANDCREATEDSTATUSPORTSNAMES 29e9a41e563dcentos "/bin/bash" 7secondsagoUp5secondsvolume-test2 [root@docker~] #cp-r/usr/share/doc/abrt-2.0.8//volume-test2-data/ [root@docker~] #ls-l/volume-test2-data/ total4 drwxr-xr-x2rootroot4096Feb2409:58abrt-2.0.8 容器内的操作： [root@docker~] #./in.sh29e9a41e563d [root@centos7/] #df-h FilesystemSizeUsedAvailUse%Mountedon /dev/mapper/docker-8 :3-8388750-29e9a41e563d514c8b9f14d14a0426af955651b28109c4851cfec40a186244d09.8G230M9.0G3%/ tmpfs1.9G01.9G0% /dev shm64M064M0% /dev/shm /dev/sda3 193G11G173G6% /etc/hosts [root@centos7/] #cd/centos-data/ [root@centos7centos-data] #ls abrt-2.0.8 [root@centos7centos-data] #cp/etc/passwd. [root@centos7centos-data] #ls abrt-2.0.8 passwd [root@docker_data] #ls/volume-test2-data/ abrt-2.0.8 passwd 3、系统指定的目录，进行挂载（可挂载多个，并设置权限，默认为rw权限） 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 宿主机的操作： 先删除原有的容器 [root@docker~] #dockerps CONTAINERIDIMAGECOMMANDCREATEDSTATUSPORTSNAMES 29e9a41e563dcentos "/bin/bash" 11minutesagoUp11minutesvolume-test2 8884fc392971nginx"nginx-g'daemonof13hoursagoUp51minutes80 /tcp ,443 /tcp nginxdocker 14caa9ab03a9dockerui /dockerui "/dockerui" 46hoursagoUp51minutes0.0.0.0:9000->9000 /tcp dockerui_qinwen e278cabec91ecentos "/bin/bash" 47hoursagoUp51minutescentos_aways 删除正在允许的容器时，会有报错信息： [root@docker~] #dockerrm29e9a41e563d-f Errorresponsefromdaemon:Cannotdestroycontainer29e9a41e563d:Conflict,Youcannotremovearunningcontainer.Stopthecontainerbeforeattemptingremovaloruse-f Errorresponsefromdaemon:nosuch id :-f Error:failedtoremovecontainers:[29e9a41e563d-f] [root@docker~] #dockerps CONTAINERIDIMAGECOMMANDCREATEDSTATUSPORTSNAMES 29e9a41e563dcentos "/bin/bash" 11minutesagoUp11minutesvolume-test2 8884fc392971nginx"nginx-g'daemonof13hoursagoUp52minutes80 /tcp ,443 /tcp nginxdocker 14caa9ab03a9dockerui /dockerui "/dockerui" 46hoursagoUp52minutes0.0.0.0:9000->9000 /tcp dockerui_qinwen e278cabec91ecentos "/bin/bash" 47hoursagoUp52minutescentos_aways 先停止容器，然后再进行删除： [root@docker~] #dockerstop29e9a41e563d 29e9a41e563d [root@docker~] #dockerrm29e9a41e563d 29e9a41e563d [root@docker~] #dockerps CONTAINERIDIMAGECOMMANDCREATEDSTATUSPORTSNAMES 8884fc392971nginx"nginx-g'daemonof13hoursagoUp52minutes80 /tcp ,443 /tcp nginxdocker 14caa9ab03a9dockerui /dockerui "/dockerui" 46hoursagoUp52minutes0.0.0.0:9000->9000 /tcp dockerui_qinwen e278cabec91ecentos "/bin/bash" 47hoursagoUp52minutescentos_aways 运行一个基于centos镜像的容器，容器名称为volume-test2，并设置容器中的主机名为centos7（仅对容器有效），挂载本地的 /volume-test2-data 以及 /opt 目录，并且指定 /opt 目录对容器是只读的 [root@docker~] #dockerrun-it-d--namevolume-test2-hcentos7--restart=always-v/volume-test2-data:/centos-data-v/opt:/opt:rocentos 37652d4601948fe8421c0371278e9bee8c5cbb35f16c7bf755764d56ddafa304 [root@docker~] #dockerps-l CONTAINERIDIMAGECOMMANDCREATEDSTATUSPORTSNAMES 37652d460194centos "/bin/bash" 16secondsagoUp15secondsvolume-test2 [root@docker~] #./in.sh37652d460194 容器内的操作： [root@centos7/] #cd/opt/ [root@centos7opt] #ls rh [root@centos7opt] #ls opt.isorh [root@centos7opt] #touch123.txt touch :cannot touch ‘123.txt’:Read-only file system --volume-from： 继承容器数据卷的操作： [root@docker~] #dockerrun-it-d--restart=always--namevolume-test04--volumes-fromvolume-test2centos 94ea720a2c418286d26068d126df35523742e2f910685863f876c3ba9c09638c [root@docker~] #dockerps-l CONTAINERIDIMAGECOMMANDCREATEDSTATUSPORTSNAMES 94ea720a2c41centos "/bin/bash" 6secondsagoUp4secondsvolume-test04 [root@docker~] #./in.sh94ea720a2c41 [root@94ea720a2c41/] #ls/ anaconda-post.logcentos-dataetcliblost+foundmntprocrunsrvtmpvar bindevhomelib64mediaoptrootsbinsysusr [root@94ea720a2c41/] #cd/opt/ [root@94ea720a2c41opt] #ls opt.isorh [root@94ea720a2c41opt] #cd/centos-data/ [root@94ea720a2c41centos-data] #ls abrt-2.0.8 passwd [root@94ea720a2c41centos-data] #touch12345.txt [root@94ea720a2c41centos-data] #cd/opt [root@94ea720a2c41opt] #ls opt.isorh [root@94ea720a2c41opt] #touch111 touch :cannot touch ‘111’:Read-only file system 拥有volume-test2的容器的操作： [root@docker~] #dockerps CONTAINERIDIMAGECOMMANDCREATEDSTATUSPORTSNAMES 94ea720a2c41centos "/bin/bash" 45secondsagoUp43secondsvolume-test04 37652d460194centos "/bin/bash" AboutanhouragoUpAboutanhourvolume-test2 8884fc392971nginx"nginx-g'daemonof14hoursagoUpAboutanhour80 /tcp ,443 /tcp nginxdocker 14caa9ab03a9dockerui /dockerui "/dockerui" 47hoursagoUpAboutanhour0.0.0.0:9000->9000 /tcp dockerui_qinwen e278cabec91ecentos "/bin/bash" 2daysagoUpAboutanhourcentos_aways [root@docker~] #./in.sh37652d460194 [root@centos7/] #ls anaconda-post.logcentos-dataetcliblost+foundmntprocrunsrvtmpvar bindevhomelib64mediaoptrootsbinsysusr [root@centos7/] #cd/centos-data/ [root@centos7centos-data] #ls abrt-2.0.8 passwd [root@centos7centos-data] #ls 12345.txtabrt-2.0.8 passwd 进一步进行测试： 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 [root@docker~] #dockerrun-it-d--restart=always--namevolume-test04--volumes-fromvolume-test2centos 94ea720a2c418286d26068d126df35523742e2f910685863f876c3ba9c09638c 宿主机上的操作： [root@docker~] #dockerps CONTAINERIDIMAGECOMMANDCREATEDSTATUSPORTSNAMES 94ea720a2c41centos "/bin/bash" 14minutesagoUp14minutesvolume-test04 37652d460194centos "/bin/bash" AboutanhouragoUpAboutanhourvolume-test2 8884fc392971nginx"nginx-g'daemonof14hoursagoUp2hours80 /tcp ,443 /tcp nginxdocker 14caa9ab03a9dockerui /dockerui "/dockerui" 47hoursagoUp2hours0.0.0.0:9000->9000 /tcp dockerui_qinwen e278cabec91ecentos "/bin/bash" 2daysagoUp2hours [root@docker~] #dockerstop37652d460194 37652d460194 [root@docker~] #dockerps CONTAINERIDIMAGECOMMANDCREATEDSTATUSPORTSNAMES 94ea720a2c41centos "/bin/bash" 14minutesagoUp14minutesvolume-test04 8884fc392971nginx"nginx-g'daemonof14hoursagoUp2hours80 /tcp ,443 /tcp nginxdocker 14caa9ab03a9dockerui /dockerui "/dockerui" 47hoursagoUp2hours0.0.0.0:9000->9000 /tcp dockerui_qinwen e278cabec91ecentos "/bin/bash" 2daysagoUp2hourscentos_aways [root@docker_data] #cd/volume-test2-data [root@dockervolume-test2-data] #ls 12345.txtabrt-2.0.8 passwd [root@dockervolume-test2-data] #ls-lrt total8 drwxr-xr-x2rootroot4096Feb2409:58abrt-2.0.8 -rw-r--r--1rootroot692Feb2410:01 passwd -rw-r--r--1rootroot0Feb2411:1612345.txt 容器内的操作： [root@94ea720a2c41opt] #cd/centos-data/ [root@94ea720a2c41centos-data] #ls-lrt total8 drwxr-xr-x2rootroot4096Feb2401:58abrt-2.0.8 -rw-r--r--1rootroot692Feb2402:01 passwd -rw-r--r--1rootroot0Feb2403:1612345.txt [root@94ea720a2c41centos-data] # 说明： 1、验证后可以发现，ro权限是正常的 2、这种映射在Dockerfile里面是没法使用的 3、这里我们不管volume-test2 所属的容器是否正在允许，在新主机中均能够继承 本文转自 冰冻vs西瓜 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/molewan/1744570，如需转载请自行联系原作者
