Android开发 - 获取系统输入法高度的正确姿势
问题与解决
在Android应用的开发中，有一些需求需要我们获取到输入法的高度，但是官方的API并没有提供类似的方法，所以我们需要自己来实现。
查阅了网上很多资料，试过以后都不理想。
比如有的方法通过监听布局的变化来计算输入法的高度，这种方式在Activity的配置中配置为"android:windowSoftInputMode=“adjustResize”"时没有问题，可以正确获取输入法的高度，因为布局此时确实会动态的调整。
但是当Activity配置为"android:windowSoftInputMode=“adjustNothing”"时，布局不会在输入法弹出时进行调整，上面的方式就会扑街。
不过经过一番探索和测试，终于发现了一种方式可以在即使设置为adjustNothing时也可以正确计算高度放方法。
同时也感谢这位外国朋友：
GitHub地址
其实也就两个类，我也做了一些修改，解决了一些问题，这里也贴出来：
- KeyboardHeightObserver.java
/**
* The observer that will be notified when the height of
* the keyboard has changed
*/
public interface KeyboardHeightObserver {
/**
* Called when the keyboard height has changed, 0 means keyboard is closed,
* >= 1 means keyboard is opened.
*
* @param height The height of the keyboard in pixels
* @param orientation The orientation either: Configuration.ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT or
* Configuration.ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE
*/
void onKeyboardHeightChanged(int height, int orientation);
}
- KeyboardHeightProvider.java
/**
* The keyboard height provider, this class uses a PopupWindow
* to calculate the window height when the floating keyboard is opened and closed.
*/
public class KeyboardHeightProvider extends PopupWindow {
/** The tag for logging purposes */
private final static String TAG = "sample_KeyboardHeightProvider";
/** The keyboard height observer */
private KeyboardHeightObserver observer;
/** The cached landscape height of the keyboard */
private int keyboardLandscapeHeight;
/** The cached portrait height of the keyboard */
private int keyboardPortraitHeight;
/** The view that is used to calculate the keyboard height */
private View popupView;
/** The parent view */
private View parentView;
/** The root activity that uses this KeyboardHeightProvider */
private Activity activity;
/**
* Construct a new KeyboardHeightProvider
*
* @param activity The parent activity
*/
public KeyboardHeightProvider(Activity activity) {
super(activity);
this.activity = activity;
LayoutInflater inflator = (LayoutInflater) activity.getSystemService(Activity.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
this.popupView = inflator.inflate(R.layout.keyboard_popup_window, null, false);
setContentView(popupView);
setSoftInputMode(LayoutParams.SOFT_INPUT_ADJUST_RESIZE | LayoutParams.SOFT_INPUT_STATE_ALWAYS_VISIBLE);
setInputMethodMode(PopupWindow.INPUT_METHOD_NEEDED);
parentView = activity.findViewById(android.R.id.content);
setWidth(0);
setHeight(LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT);
popupView.getViewTreeObserver().addOnGlobalLayoutListener(new OnGlobalLayoutListener() {
@Override
public void onGlobalLayout() {
if (popupView != null) {
handleOnGlobalLayout();
}
}
});
}
/**
* Start the KeyboardHeightProvider, this must be called after the onResume of the Activity.
* PopupWindows are not allowed to be registered before the onResume has finished
* of the Activity.
*/
public void start() {
if (!isShowing() && parentView.getWindowToken() != null) {
setBackgroundDrawable(new ColorDrawable(0));
showAtLocation(parentView, Gravity.NO_GRAVITY, 0, 0);
}
}
/**
* Close the keyboard height provider,
* this provider will not be used anymore.
*/
public void close() {
this.observer = null;
dismiss();
}
/**
* Set the keyboard height observer to this provider. The
* observer will be notified when the keyboard height has changed.
* For example when the keyboard is opened or closed.
*
* @param observer The observer to be added to this provider.
*/
public void setKeyboardHeightObserver(KeyboardHeightObserver observer) {
this.observer = observer;
}
/**
* Get the screen orientation
*
* @return the screen orientation
*/
private int getScreenOrientation() {
return activity.getResources().getConfiguration().orientation;
}
/**
* Popup window itself is as big as the window of the Activity.
* The keyboard can then be calculated by extracting the popup view bottom
* from the activity window height.
*/
private void handleOnGlobalLayout() {
Point screenSize = new Point();
activity.getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getSize(screenSize);
Rect rect = new Rect();
popupView.getWindowVisibleDisplayFrame(rect);
// REMIND, you may like to change this using the fullscreen size of the phone
// and also using the status bar and navigation bar heights of the phone to calculate
// the keyboard height. But this worked fine on a Nexus.
int orientation = getScreenOrientation();
int keyboardHeight = screenSize.y - rect.bottom;
if (keyboardHeight == 0) {
notifyKeyboardHeightChanged(0, orientation);
}
else if (orientation == Configuration.ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT) {
this.keyboardPortraitHeight = keyboardHeight;
notifyKeyboardHeightChanged(keyboardPortraitHeight, orientation);
}
else {
this.keyboardLandscapeHeight = keyboardHeight;
notifyKeyboardHeightChanged(keyboardLandscapeHeight, orientation);
}
}
private void notifyKeyboardHeightChanged(int height, int orientation) {
if (observer != null) {
observer.onKeyboardHeightChanged(height, orientation);
}
}
}
使用方法
此处以在Activity中的使用进行举例。
实现接口
引入这两个类后，在当前Activity中实现接口KeyboardHeightObserver：
@Override
public void onKeyboardHeightChanged(int height, int orientation) {
String or = orientation == Configuration.ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT ? "portrait" : "landscape";
Logger.d(TAG, "onKeyboardHeightChanged in pixels: " + height + " " + or);
}
定义并初始化
在当前Activity定义成员变量，并在onCreate()中进行初始化
private KeyboardHeightProvider mKeyboardHeightProvider;
@Override
protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
...
mKeyboardHeightProvider = new KeyboardHeightProvider(this);
new Handler().post(() -> mKeyboardHeightProvider.start());
}
生命周期处理
初始化完成后，我们要在Activity中的生命周期中也要进行处理，以免内存泄露。
@Override
protected void onResume() {
super.onResume();
mKeyboardHeightProvider.setKeyboardHeightObserver(this);
}
@Override
protected void onPause() {
super.onPause();
mKeyboardHeightProvider.setKeyboardHeightObserver(null);
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
mKeyboardHeightProvider.close();
}
总结
此时我们就可以正确获取的当前输入法的高度了，即使android:windowSoftInputMode="adjustNothing"时也可以正确获取到，这正是这个方法的强大之处，利用这个方法可以实现比如类似微信聊天的界面，流畅切换输入框，表情框等。
如有更多疑问，请参考我的其它Android相关博客：我的博客地址
