Android开发艺术探索——第九章：四大组件的工作过程（上）
本篇幅要讲讲四大组件，这也是我们再熟悉不过的，分别是Activity,Service，BroadcastReceiver，ContentProvider,怎么使用我们这里就不多赘述了，我们本篇主要是讲他们的执行流程和工作原理，也让我们更加的了解他们，所以本章的侧重点在于四大组件的工作过程分析，通过分析他们的工作过程我们可以更好的理解系统内部运行机制，这也有助于我们对系统有一个更加深入的了解。
一.四大组件的运行状态
四大组件当中，除了广播，其余三者都需要在清单文件中注册，对于BroadcastReceiver来说，他既可以静态注册，也可以动态注册，而在调用方式上，除了ContentProvider其他都需要借助Intent
Activity是一种展示型组件，用于向用户直接展示一个UI，在用户眼里，他只有UI的一个概念，其他的三个组件，并不需要认知，Activity用Intent启动，可以用显示意图指定某个Activity或者多个Activity,也可以用隐式意图处理，一个Activity也存在多种的启动模式，这在我们之前就已经讲过，所以，就不多说了。停止一个Activity调用finish即可。
Service用于处理后台，用户不需要感知，并且他有两种状态，分别是启动状态和绑定状态，，Service在启动的时候，可以做一些后台逻辑并且不需要与外界交互，但是他仍然运行在主线程中，所以尽量不要耗时，当Service处于绑定状态的时候，他的内部同样可以做处理，并且还可以与外部交互，Service线稿停止的话就需要先stopService并且unBindService
BroadcastReceiver是一种消息型组件，我们俗称广播，用于在不同的组件中或者应用中传递消息，他同样无法被用户感知，开头就说了，他有两种注册方式，静态和动态，静态的话只需要在清单文件即可，应用启动后会自动接听该广播，动态的话需要调用Context中的注册方法，如果不想用了还需要解除注册，如果应用不启动责会收不到，发送广播则是用过Context一系列的send方法，发动和接收的过程是匹配intent-filter来描述的，可以发现，广播这个组件可以实现低耦合的观察者模式，观察者和被观察者可以没有任何的耦合，由于广播的特殊性，他也不适合来做耗时的操作，并且他没有停止的概念。
ContentProvider是一种数据共享的组件，用于和其他应用共享数据，和广播一样，他也无法被用户感知，对于一个ContentProvider来说，他的内部需要实现增删查改四个操作，在他的内部维持着易芬数据集合，这个数据集合既可以通过数据库来实现，也可以采用其他类型的实现，比如List和Map，不过要注意的是增删查改需要处理好线程同步，因为这几个方法是在Binder线程池中调用的，另外他也不需要手动停止。
二.Activity的工作过程
系统对Activity做了很多的封装处理，所以让Activity的调用过程变得异常简单，我们只需要
Intent intent = new Intent(this, TestActivity.class);
startActivity(intent);通过上面的代码就可以启动一个TestActivity了，然后新的Activity就展示在用户的界面，这个过程对于我们开发来讲真的再熟悉不过了，这也是很理所当然的事情，但是你有没有想过，系统内部到底是怎样去启动这个TestActivity，比如新的Activity对象实在何时创建的，onCreate又是在何时调用的，可能很多人并不会去关心，在日常开发中确实这些不需要我们知道，但是如果你想在技术的领域更上一层楼，就很有必要知道系统的工作原理了。
我们从Activity的startActivity开始分析，startActivit有好几个重载的方法，但是他们最终都会调用startActivitForResult方法，他的实现如下：
public void startActivityForResult( Intent intent, int requestCode, Bundle options) {
if (mParent == null) {
options = transferSpringboardActivityOptions(options);
Instrumentation.ActivityResult ar =
mInstrumentation.execStartActivity(
this, mMainThread.getApplicationThread(), mToken, this,
intent, requestCode, options);
if (ar != null) {
mMainThread.sendActivityResult(
mToken, mEmbeddedID, requestCode, ar.getResultCode(),
ar.getResultData());
}
if (requestCode >= 0) {
// If this start is requesting a result, we can avoid making
// the activity visible until the result is received. Setting
// this code during onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) or onResume() will keep the
// activity hidden during this time, to avoid flickering.
// This can only be done when a result is requested because
// that guarantees we will get information back when the
// activity is finished, no matter what happens to it.
mStartedActivity = true;
}
cancelInputsAndStartExitTransition(options);
} else {
if (options != null) {
mParent.startActivityFromChild(this, intent, requestCode, options);
} else {
// Note we want to go through this method for compatibility with
// existing applications that may have overridden it.
mParent.startActivityFromChild(this, intent, requestCode);
}
}
}从上面的代码中我们只需要看mParent == null这个逻辑，mParent是ActivityGroup，ActivityGroup最开始是用来一个界面中嵌入多个子Activity,但是在API13的时候就已经废弃了，系统推荐Fragment来替换ActivityGroup，Fragment的好处就不用多数了，在上面的代码中要注意的是mMainThread.getApplicationThread这个参数，他的类型是ApplicationThread，ApplicationThread是ActivityThread的一个内部类，通过后面的分析可以发现，ActivityThread的ApplicationThread在启动过程中发挥着很重要的作用，接下来我们看mInstrumentation.execStartActivity这个方法：
public ActivityResult execStartActivity(
Context who, IBinder contextThread, IBinder token, android.app.Activity target,
Intent intent, int requestCode, Bundle options) {
IApplicationThread whoThread = (IApplicationThread) contextThread;
Uri referrer = target != null ? target.onProvideReferrer() : null;
if (referrer != null) {.
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_REFERRER, referrer);
}
if (mActivityMonitors != null) {
synchronized (mSync) {
final int N = mActivityMonitors.size();
for (int i=0; i<N; i++) {
final ActivityMonitor am = mActivityMonitors.get(i);
ActivityResult result = null;
if (am.ignoreMatchingSpecificIntents()) {
result = am.onStartActivity(intent);
}
if (result != null) {
am.mHits++;
return result;
} else if (am.match(who, null, intent)) {
am.mHits++;
if (am.isBlocking()) {
return requestCode >= 0 ? am.getResult() : null;
}
break;
}
}
}
}
try {
intent.migrateExtraStreamToClipData();
intent.prepareToLeaveProcess(who);
int result = ActivityManager.getService()
.startActivity(whoThread, who.getBasePackageName(), intent,
intent.resolveTypeIfNeeded(who.getContentResolver()),
token, target != null ? target.mEmbeddedID : null,
requestCode, 0, null, options);
checkStartActivityResult(result, intent);
} catch (RemoteException e) {
throw new RuntimeException("Failure from system", e);
}
return null;
}从上面的代码中可以看出，启动Activity真正的实现是ActivityManager.getService().startActivity方法，AMS继承自ActivityManagerNative，而ActivityManagerNative继承自Binder并且实现了IActivityManager这个Binder接口，因此AMS也是一个Binder，他是IActivityManager的集体实现，由于ActivityManager.getService()是一个IActivityManager类型的Binder对象，因此他的具体实现是AMS，可以发现在ActivityManagerNative中，AMS这个Binder对象采用单例模式对外提供，Singleton是一个单例的封装类，第一次调用他的set方法时，她会通过create方法来初始化AMS这个Binder对象，在后续的调用中则直接返回创建的对象，这个过程可以看如下源码
/**
* Retrieve the system's default/global activity manager.
*
* @deprecated use ActivityManager.getService instead.
*/
static public IActivityManager getDefault() {
return ActivityManager.getService();
}
/**
* @hide
*/
public static IActivityManager getService() {
return IActivityManagerSingleton.get();
}
private static final Singleton<IActivityManager> IActivityManagerSingleton =
new Singleton<IActivityManager>() {
@Override
protected IActivityManager create() {
final IBinder b = ServiceManager.getService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE);
final IActivityManager am = IActivityManager.Stub.asInterface(b);
return am;
}
};
从上面的分析我们可以知道，Activity是由ActivityManager.getService来启动的，所以Activity的启动又转移到了AMS，为了继续分析，我们只需要查看AMS的startActivity即可，在分析之前我们再来看下mInstrumentation.execStartActivity这个方法，其中有一行checkStartActivityResult(result, intent)，直观上看来这个方法好像是在检查Activity的启动结果：
public static void checkStartActivityResult(int res, Object intent) {
if (!ActivityManager.isStartResultFatalError(res)) {
return;
}
switch (res) {
case ActivityManager.START_INTENT_NOT_RESOLVED:
case ActivityManager.START_CLASS_NOT_FOUND:
if (intent instanceof Intent && ((Intent)intent).getComponent() != null)
throw new ActivityNotFoundException(
"Unable to find explicit activity class "
+ ((Intent)intent).getComponent().toShortString()
+ "; have you declared this activity in your AndroidManifest.xml?");
throw new ActivityNotFoundException(
"No Activity found to handle " + intent);
case ActivityManager.START_PERMISSION_DENIED:
throw new SecurityException("Not allowed to start activity "
+ intent);
case ActivityManager.START_FORWARD_AND_REQUEST_CONFLICT:
throw new AndroidRuntimeException(
"FORWARD_RESULT_FLAG used while also requesting a result");
case ActivityManager.START_NOT_ACTIVITY:
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
"PendingIntent is not an activity");
case ActivityManager.START_NOT_VOICE_COMPATIBLE:
throw new SecurityException(
"Starting under voice control not allowed for: " + intent);
case ActivityManager.START_VOICE_NOT_ACTIVE_SESSION:
throw new IllegalStateException(
"Session calling startVoiceActivity does not match active session");
case ActivityManager.START_VOICE_HIDDEN_SESSION:
throw new IllegalStateException(
"Cannot start voice activity on a hidden session");
case ActivityManager.START_ASSISTANT_NOT_ACTIVE_SESSION:
throw new IllegalStateException(
"Session calling startAssistantActivity does not match active session");
case ActivityManager.START_ASSISTANT_HIDDEN_SESSION:
throw new IllegalStateException(
"Cannot start assistant activity on a hidden session");
case ActivityManager.START_CANCELED:
throw new AndroidRuntimeException("Activity could not be started for "
+ intent);
default:
throw new AndroidRuntimeException("Unknown error code "
+ res + " when starting " + intent);
}
}
从上面的代码可以看出，checkStartActivityResult的作用很明显，就是检查启动Avtivity的结果，当无法正确的启动的时候就会抛出我们再熟悉不过的
have you declared this activity in your AndroidManifest.xml?好的我们接下来继续分析AMS的startActivity方法
@Override
public final int startActivity(IApplicationThread caller, String callingPackage,
Intent intent, String resolvedType, IBinder resultTo, String resultWho, int requestCode,
int startFlags, ProfilerInfo profilerInfo, Bundle bOptions) {
return startActivityAsUser(caller, callingPackage, intent, resolvedType, resultTo,
resultWho, requestCode, startFlags, profilerInfo, bOptions,
UserHandle.getCallingUserId());
}
final int startActivity(Intent intent, ActivityStackSupervisor.ActivityContainer container) {
enforceNotIsolatedCaller("ActivityContainer.startActivity");
final int userId = mUserController.handleIncomingUser(Binder.getCallingPid(),
Binder.getCallingUid(), mStackSupervisor.mCurrentUser, false,
ActivityManagerService.ALLOW_FULL_ONLY, "ActivityContainer", null);
// TODO: Switch to user app stacks here.
String mimeType = intent.getType();
final Uri data = intent.getData();
if (mimeType == null && data != null && "content".equals(data.getScheme())) {
mimeType = getProviderMimeType(data, userId);
}
container.checkEmbeddedAllowedInner(userId, intent, mimeType);
intent.addFlags(FORCE_NEW_TASK_FLAGS);
return mActivityStarter.startActivityMayWait(null, -1, null, intent, mimeType, null, null,
null, null, 0, 0, null, null, null, null, false, userId, container, null,
"startActivity");
}
可以看出，最后又转移到了ActivityStarter的startActivityMayWait方法中，在startActivityMayWait中又调用了startActivityLocked方法，在startActivityLocked中又调用了startActivityUnchecked，紧接着有调用了resumeTopActivityUncheckedLocked方法，这个时候启动过程已经从ActivityStackSupervisor转移到了ActivityStack，可以看如下代码：
boolean resumeTopActivityUncheckedLocked(ActivityRecord prev, ActivityOptions options) {
if (mStackSupervisor.inResumeTopActivity) {
// Don't even start recursing.
return false;
}
boolean result = false;
try {
// Protect against recursion.
mStackSupervisor.inResumeTopActivity = true;
result = resumeTopActivityInnerLocked(prev, options);
} finally {
mStackSupervisor.inResumeTopActivity = false;
}
// When resuming the top activity, it may be necessary to pause the top activity (for
// example, returning to the lock screen. We suppress the normal pause logic in
// {@link #resumeTopActivityUncheckedLocked}, since the top activity is resumed at the end.
// We call the {@link ActivityStackSupervisor#checkReadyForSleepLocked} again here to ensure
// any necessary pause logic occurs.
mStackSupervisor.checkReadyForSleepLocked();
return result;
}
上面这段代码中，resumeTopActivityUncheckedLocked又调用了resumeTopActivityInnerLocked，resumeTopActivityInnerLocked又调用了ActivityStackSupervisor的startSpecificActivityLocked，startSpecificActivityLocked的源码如下所示：
void startSpecificActivityLocked(ActivityRecord r,
boolean andResume, boolean checkConfig) {
// Is this activity's application already running?
ProcessRecord app = mService.getProcessRecordLocked(r.processName,
r.info.applicationInfo.uid, true);
r.getStack().setLaunchTime(r);
if (app != null && app.thread != null) {
try {
if ((r.info.flags&ActivityInfo.FLAG_MULTIPROCESS) == 0
|| !"android".equals(r.info.packageName)) {
// Don't add this if it is a platform component that is marked
// to run in multiple processes, because this is actually
// part of the framework so doesn't make sense to track as a
// separate apk in the process.
app.addPackage(r.info.packageName, r.info.applicationInfo.versionCode,
mService.mProcessStats);
}
realStartActivityLocked(r, app, andResume, checkConfig);
return;
} catch (RemoteException e) {
Slog.w(TAG, "Exception when starting activity "
+ r.intent.getComponent().flattenToShortString(), e);
}
// If a dead object exception was thrown -- fall through to
// restart the application.
}
mService.startProcessLocked(r.processName, r.info.applicationInfo, true, 0,
"activity", r.intent.getComponent(), false, false, true);
}可以看出，最后有调用了realStartActivityLocked，我们来看下图了解ActivityStack和ActivityStackSupervisor之间的互相传递过程
在ActivityStackSupervisor中的realStartActivityLocked中有这么一段代码
app.thread.scheduleLaunchActivity(new Intent(r.intent), r.appToken,
System.identityHashCode(r), r.info,
// TODO: Have this take the merged configuration instead of separate global and
// override configs.
mergedConfiguration.getGlobalConfiguration(),
mergedConfiguration.getOverrideConfiguration(), r.compat,
r.launchedFromPackage, task.voiceInteractor, app.repProcState, r.icicle,
r.persistentState, results, newIntents, !andResume,
mService.isNextTransitionForward(), profilerInfo);这段代码很重要，其中app.thread的累心为IApplicationThread,IApplicationThread的声明如下：
public interface IApplicationThread extends IInterface {
void schedulePauseActivity(IBinder token, boolean finished, boolean userLeaving,
int configChanges, boolean dontReport) throws RemoteException;
void scheduleStopActivity(IBinder token, boolean showWindow,
int configChanges) throws RemoteException;
void scheduleWindowVisibility(IBinder token, boolean showWindow) throws RemoteException;
void scheduleSleeping(IBinder token, boolean sleeping) throws RemoteException;
void scheduleResumeActivity(IBinder token, int procState, boolean isForward, Bundle resumeArgs)
throws RemoteException;
void scheduleSendResult(IBinder token, List<ResultInfo> results) throws RemoteException;
void scheduleLaunchActivity(Intent intent, IBinder token, int ident,
ActivityInfo info, Configuration curConfig, Configuration overrideConfig,
CompatibilityInfo compatInfo, String referrer, IVoiceInteractor voiceInteractor,
int procState, Bundle state, PersistableBundle persistentState,
List<ResultInfo> pendingResults, List<ReferrerIntent> pendingNewIntents,
boolean notResumed, boolean isForward, ProfilerInfo profilerInfo) throws RemoteException;
void scheduleRelaunchActivity(IBinder token, List<ResultInfo> pendingResults,
List<ReferrerIntent> pendingNewIntents, int configChanges, boolean notResumed,
Configuration config, Configuration overrideConfig, boolean preserveWindow)
throws RemoteException;
void scheduleNewIntent(
List<ReferrerIntent> intent, IBinder token, boolean andPause) throws RemoteException;
void scheduleDestroyActivity(IBinder token, boolean finished,
int configChanges) throws RemoteException;
void scheduleReceiver(Intent intent, ActivityInfo info, CompatibilityInfo compatInfo,
int resultCode, String data, Bundle extras, boolean sync,
int sendingUser, int processState) throws RemoteException;
static final int BACKUP_MODE_INCREMENTAL = 0;
static final int BACKUP_MODE_FULL = 1;
static final int BACKUP_MODE_RESTORE = 2;
static final int BACKUP_MODE_RESTORE_FULL = 3;
void scheduleCreateBackupAgent(ApplicationInfo app, CompatibilityInfo compatInfo,
int backupMode) throws RemoteException;
void scheduleDestroyBackupAgent(ApplicationInfo app, CompatibilityInfo compatInfo)
throws RemoteException;
void scheduleCreateService(IBinder token, ServiceInfo info,
CompatibilityInfo compatInfo, int processState) throws RemoteException;
void scheduleBindService(IBinder token,
Intent intent, boolean rebind, int processState) throws RemoteException;
void scheduleUnbindService(IBinder token,
Intent intent) throws RemoteException;
void scheduleServiceArgs(IBinder token, boolean taskRemoved, int startId,
int flags, Intent args) throws RemoteException;
void scheduleStopService(IBinder token) throws RemoteException;
static final int DEBUG_OFF = 0;
static final int DEBUG_ON = 1;
static final int DEBUG_WAIT = 2;
void bindApplication(String packageName, ApplicationInfo info, List<ProviderInfo> providers,
ComponentName testName, ProfilerInfo profilerInfo, Bundle testArguments,
IInstrumentationWatcher testWatcher, IUiAutomationConnection uiAutomationConnection,
int debugMode, boolean enableBinderTracking, boolean trackAllocation,
boolean restrictedBackupMode, boolean persistent, Configuration config,
CompatibilityInfo compatInfo, Map<String, IBinder> services, Bundle coreSettings)
throws RemoteException;
void scheduleExit() throws RemoteException;
void scheduleSuicide() throws RemoteException;
void scheduleConfigurationChanged(Configuration config) throws RemoteException;
void updateTimeZone() throws RemoteException;
void clearDnsCache() throws RemoteException;
void setHttpProxy(String proxy, String port, String exclList,
Uri pacFileUrl) throws RemoteException;
void processInBackground() throws RemoteException;
void dumpService(FileDescriptor fd, IBinder servicetoken, String[] args)
throws RemoteException;
void dumpProvider(FileDescriptor fd, IBinder servicetoken, String[] args)
throws RemoteException;
void scheduleRegisteredReceiver(IIntentReceiver receiver, Intent intent,
int resultCode, String data, Bundle extras, boolean ordered,
boolean sticky, int sendingUser, int processState) throws RemoteException;
void scheduleLowMemory() throws RemoteException;
void scheduleActivityConfigurationChanged(IBinder token, Configuration overrideConfig,
boolean reportToActivity) throws RemoteException;
void profilerControl(boolean start, ProfilerInfo profilerInfo, int profileType)
throws RemoteException;
void dumpHeap(boolean managed, String path, ParcelFileDescriptor fd)
throws RemoteException;
void setSchedulingGroup(int group) throws RemoteException;
// the package has been removed, clean up internal references
static final int PACKAGE_REMOVED = 0;
static final int EXTERNAL_STORAGE_UNAVAILABLE = 1;
// the package is being modified in-place, don't kill it and retain references to it
static final int PACKAGE_REMOVED_DONT_KILL = 2;
// a previously removed package was replaced with a new version [eg. upgrade, split added, ...]
static final int PACKAGE_REPLACED = 3;
void dispatchPackageBroadcast(int cmd, String[] packages) throws RemoteException;
void scheduleCrash(String msg) throws RemoteException;
void dumpActivity(FileDescriptor fd, IBinder servicetoken, String prefix, String[] args)
throws RemoteException;
void setCoreSettings(Bundle coreSettings) throws RemoteException;
void updatePackageCompatibilityInfo(String pkg, CompatibilityInfo info) throws RemoteException;
void scheduleTrimMemory(int level) throws RemoteException;
void dumpMemInfo(FileDescriptor fd, Debug.MemoryInfo mem, boolean checkin, boolean dumpInfo,
boolean dumpDalvik, boolean dumpSummaryOnly, boolean dumpUnreachable,
String[] args) throws RemoteException;
void dumpGfxInfo(FileDescriptor fd, String[] args) throws RemoteException;
void dumpDbInfo(FileDescriptor fd, String[] args) throws RemoteException;
void unstableProviderDied(IBinder provider) throws RemoteException;
void requestAssistContextExtras(IBinder activityToken, IBinder requestToken, int requestType,
int sessionId) throws RemoteException;
void scheduleTranslucentConversionComplete(IBinder token, boolean timeout)
throws RemoteException;
void scheduleOnNewActivityOptions(IBinder token, ActivityOptions options)
throws RemoteException;
void setProcessState(int state) throws RemoteException;
void scheduleInstallProvider(ProviderInfo provider) throws RemoteException;
void updateTimePrefs(boolean is24Hour) throws RemoteException;
void scheduleCancelVisibleBehind(IBinder token) throws RemoteException;
void scheduleBackgroundVisibleBehindChanged(IBinder token, boolean enabled) throws RemoteException;
void scheduleEnterAnimationComplete(IBinder token) throws RemoteException;
void notifyCleartextNetwork(byte[] firstPacket) throws RemoteException;
void startBinderTracking() throws RemoteException;
void stopBinderTrackingAndDump(FileDescriptor fd) throws RemoteException;
void scheduleMultiWindowModeChanged(IBinder token, boolean isInMultiWindowMode) throws RemoteException;
void schedulePictureInPictureModeChanged(IBinder token, boolean isInPictureInPictureMode) throws RemoteException;
void scheduleLocalVoiceInteractionStarted(IBinder token, IVoiceInteractor voiceInteractor) throws RemoteException;
String descriptor = "android.app.IApplicationThread";
int SCHEDULE_PAUSE_ACTIVITY_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION;
int SCHEDULE_STOP_ACTIVITY_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+2;
int SCHEDULE_WINDOW_VISIBILITY_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+3;
int SCHEDULE_RESUME_ACTIVITY_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+4;
int SCHEDULE_SEND_RESULT_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+5;
int SCHEDULE_LAUNCH_ACTIVITY_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+6;
int SCHEDULE_NEW_INTENT_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+7;
int SCHEDULE_FINISH_ACTIVITY_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+8;
int SCHEDULE_RECEIVER_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+9;
int SCHEDULE_CREATE_SERVICE_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+10;
int SCHEDULE_STOP_SERVICE_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+11;
int BIND_APPLICATION_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+12;
int SCHEDULE_EXIT_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+13;
int SCHEDULE_CONFIGURATION_CHANGED_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+15;
int SCHEDULE_SERVICE_ARGS_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+16;
int UPDATE_TIME_ZONE_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+17;
int PROCESS_IN_BACKGROUND_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+18;
int SCHEDULE_BIND_SERVICE_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+19;
int SCHEDULE_UNBIND_SERVICE_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+20;
int DUMP_SERVICE_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+21;
int SCHEDULE_REGISTERED_RECEIVER_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+22;
int SCHEDULE_LOW_MEMORY_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+23;
int SCHEDULE_ACTIVITY_CONFIGURATION_CHANGED_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+24;
int SCHEDULE_RELAUNCH_ACTIVITY_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+25;
int SCHEDULE_SLEEPING_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+26;
int PROFILER_CONTROL_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+27;
int SET_SCHEDULING_GROUP_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+28;
int SCHEDULE_CREATE_BACKUP_AGENT_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+29;
int SCHEDULE_DESTROY_BACKUP_AGENT_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+30;
int SCHEDULE_ON_NEW_ACTIVITY_OPTIONS_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+31;
int SCHEDULE_SUICIDE_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+32;
int DISPATCH_PACKAGE_BROADCAST_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+33;
int SCHEDULE_CRASH_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+34;
int DUMP_HEAP_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+35;
int DUMP_ACTIVITY_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+36;
int CLEAR_DNS_CACHE_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+37;
int SET_HTTP_PROXY_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+38;
int SET_CORE_SETTINGS_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+39;
int UPDATE_PACKAGE_COMPATIBILITY_INFO_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+40;
int SCHEDULE_TRIM_MEMORY_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+41;
int DUMP_MEM_INFO_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+42;
int DUMP_GFX_INFO_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+43;
int DUMP_PROVIDER_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+44;
int DUMP_DB_INFO_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+45;
int UNSTABLE_PROVIDER_DIED_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+46;
int REQUEST_ASSIST_CONTEXT_EXTRAS_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+47;
int SCHEDULE_TRANSLUCENT_CONVERSION_COMPLETE_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+48;
int SET_PROCESS_STATE_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+49;
int SCHEDULE_INSTALL_PROVIDER_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+50;
int UPDATE_TIME_PREFS_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+51;
int CANCEL_VISIBLE_BEHIND_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+52;
int BACKGROUND_VISIBLE_BEHIND_CHANGED_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+53;
int ENTER_ANIMATION_COMPLETE_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+54;
int NOTIFY_CLEARTEXT_NETWORK_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+55;
int START_BINDER_TRACKING_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+56;
int STOP_BINDER_TRACKING_AND_DUMP_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+57;
int SCHEDULE_MULTI_WINDOW_CHANGED_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+58;
int SCHEDULE_PICTURE_IN_PICTURE_CHANGED_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+59;
int SCHEDULE_LOCAL_VOICE_INTERACTION_STARTED_TRANSACTION = IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION+60;
}
因为他继承了IInterface接口，所以他是一个Binder类型的接口，从接口的声明可以看出，他内部包含了大量的启动，停止Activity的操作，此外还包含了启动和停止服务的操作，从接口的命名可以猜测，IApplicationThread这个Binder接口的实现者完成了这些操作
那么IApplicationThread的实现者到时是什么呢，答案就是ActivityThread的内部类ApplicationThread，下面来看一下ApplicationThread的定义
private class ApplicationThread extends ApplicationThreadNative
public abstract class ApplicationThreadNative extends Binder implements IApplicationThread可以看出ApplicationThread继承自ApplicationThreadNative，而ApplicationThreadNative继承自Binder并且实现了IApplicationThread接口，如果你还记得系统为AIDL自动生成的代码，就会发现ApplicationThreadNative的作用和系统的AIDL生成的类是一样的。
在ApplicationThreadNative的内部，还有一个ApplicationThreadProxy,这个类的实现如下，相信大家都有一种似曾相识的感觉，其实这个内部类也是系统为AIDL文件自动生成的地理类，种种迹象表明，ApplicationThreadNative就是IApplicationThread的是实现者，由于ApplicationThreadNative被系统定义为抽象类，所以ApplicationThread就成了IApplicationThread的实现者：
class ApplicationThreadProxy implements IApplicationThread {
private final IBinder mRemote;
public ApplicationThreadProxy(IBinder remote) {
mRemote = remote;
}
public final IBinder asBinder() {
return mRemote;
}
public final void schedulePauseActivity(IBinder token, boolean finished,
boolean userLeaving, int configChanges, boolean dontReport) throws RemoteException {
Parcel data = Parcel.obtain();
data.writeInterfaceToken(IApplicationThread.descriptor);
data.writeStrongBinder(token);
data.writeInt(finished ? 1 : 0);
data.writeInt(userLeaving ? 1 :0);
data.writeInt(configChanges);
data.writeInt(dontReport ? 1 : 0);
mRemote.transact(SCHEDULE_PAUSE_ACTIVITY_TRANSACTION, data, null,
IBinder.FLAG_ONEWAY);
data.recycle();
}
public final void scheduleStopActivity(IBinder token, boolean showWindow,
int configChanges) throws RemoteException {
Parcel data = Parcel.obtain();
data.writeInterfaceToken(IApplicationThread.descriptor);
data.writeStrongBinder(token);
data.writeInt(showWindow ? 1 : 0);
data.writeInt(configChanges);
mRemote.transact(SCHEDULE_STOP_ACTIVITY_TRANSACTION, data, null,
IBinder.FLAG_ONEWAY);
data.recycle();
}
public final void scheduleWindowVisibility(IBinder token,
boolean showWindow) throws RemoteException {
Parcel data = Parcel.obtain();
data.writeInterfaceToken(IApplicationThread.descriptor);
data.writeStrongBinder(token);
data.writeInt(showWindow ? 1 : 0);
mRemote.transact(SCHEDULE_WINDOW_VISIBILITY_TRANSACTION, data, null,
IBinder.FLAG_ONEWAY);
data.recycle();
}
public final void scheduleSleeping(IBinder token,
boolean sleeping) throws RemoteException {
Parcel data = Parcel.obtain();
data.writeInterfaceToken(IApplicationThread.descriptor);
data.writeStrongBinder(token);
data.writeInt(sleeping ? 1 : 0);
mRemote.transact(SCHEDULE_SLEEPING_TRANSACTION, data, null,
IBinder.FLAG_ONEWAY);
data.recycle();
}
public final void scheduleResumeActivity(IBinder token, int procState, boolean isForward,
Bundle resumeArgs)
throws RemoteException {
Parcel data = Parcel.obtain();
data.writeInterfaceToken(IApplicationThread.descriptor);
data.writeStrongBinder(token);
data.writeInt(procState);
data.writeInt(isForward ? 1 : 0);
data.writeBundle(resumeArgs);
mRemote.transact(SCHEDULE_RESUME_ACTIVITY_TRANSACTION, data, null,
IBinder.FLAG_ONEWAY);
data.recycle();
}
public final void scheduleSendResult(IBinder token, List<ResultInfo> results)
throws RemoteException {
Parcel data = Parcel.obtain();
data.writeInterfaceToken(IApplicationThread.descriptor);
data.writeStrongBinder(token);
data.writeTypedList(results);
mRemote.transact(SCHEDULE_SEND_RESULT_TRANSACTION, data, null,
IBinder.FLAG_ONEWAY);
data.recycle();
}
...........
转了一圈，Activity的启动过程最终还是回到了ActivityThread中，ActivityThread通过scheduleLauncherActivity来启动Activity
// we use token to identify this activity without having to send the
// activity itself back to the activity manager. (matters more with ipc)
public final void scheduleLaunchActivity(Intent intent, IBinder token, int ident,
ActivityInfo info, Configuration curConfig, CompatibilityInfo compatInfo,
IVoiceInteractor voiceInteractor, int procState, Bundle state,
PersistableBundle persistentState, List<ResultInfo> pendingResults,
List<Intent> pendingNewIntents, boolean notResumed, boolean isForward,
ProfilerInfo profilerInfo) {
updateProcessState(procState, false);
ActivityClientRecord r = new ActivityClientRecord();
r.token = token;
r.ident = ident;
r.intent = intent;
r.voiceInteractor = voiceInteractor;
r.activityInfo = info;
r.compatInfo = compatInfo;
r.state = state;
r.persistentState = persistentState;
r.pendingResults = pendingResults;
r.pendingIntents = pendingNewIntents;
r.startsNotResumed = notResumed;
r.isForward = isForward;
r.profilerInfo = profilerInfo;
updatePendingConfiguration(curConfig);
sendMessage(H.LAUNCH_ACTIVITY, r);
}
接下来我们看一下Handler H 对消息的处理
private class H extends Handler {
public static final int LAUNCH_ACTIVITY = 100;
public static final int PAUSE_ACTIVITY = 101;
public static final int PAUSE_ACTIVITY_FINISHING= 102;
public static final int STOP_ACTIVITY_SHOW = 103;
public static final int STOP_ACTIVITY_HIDE = 104;
public static final int SHOW_WINDOW = 105;
public static final int HIDE_WINDOW = 106;
public static final int RESUME_ACTIVITY = 107;
public static final int SEND_RESULT = 108;
public static final int DESTROY_ACTIVITY = 109;
public static final int BIND_APPLICATION = 110;
public static final int EXIT_APPLICATION = 111;
public static final int NEW_INTENT = 112;
public static final int RECEIVER = 113;
public static final int CREATE_SERVICE = 114;
public static final int SERVICE_ARGS = 115;
public static final int STOP_SERVICE = 116;
public static final int CONFIGURATION_CHANGED = 118;
public static final int CLEAN_UP_CONTEXT = 119;
public static final int GC_WHEN_IDLE = 120;
public static final int BIND_SERVICE = 121;
public static final int UNBIND_SERVICE = 122;
public static final int DUMP_SERVICE = 123;
public static final int LOW_MEMORY = 124;
public static final int ACTIVITY_CONFIGURATION_CHANGED = 125;
public static final int RELAUNCH_ACTIVITY = 126;
public static final int PROFILER_CONTROL = 127;
public static final int CREATE_BACKUP_AGENT = 128;
public static final int DESTROY_BACKUP_AGENT = 129;
public static final int SUICIDE = 130;
public static final int REMOVE_PROVIDER = 131;
public static final int ENABLE_JIT = 132;
public static final int DISPATCH_PACKAGE_BROADCAST = 133;
public static final int SCHEDULE_CRASH = 134;
public static final int DUMP_HEAP = 135;
public static final int DUMP_ACTIVITY = 136;
public static final int SLEEPING = 137;
public static final int SET_CORE_SETTINGS = 138;
public static final int UPDATE_PACKAGE_COMPATIBILITY_INFO = 139;
public static final int TRIM_MEMORY = 140;
public static final int DUMP_PROVIDER = 141;
public static final int UNSTABLE_PROVIDER_DIED = 142;
public static final int REQUEST_ASSIST_CONTEXT_EXTRAS = 143;
public static final int TRANSLUCENT_CONVERSION_COMPLETE = 144;
public static final int INSTALL_PROVIDER = 145;
public static final int ON_NEW_ACTIVITY_OPTIONS = 146;
public static final int CANCEL_VISIBLE_BEHIND = 147;
public static final int BACKGROUND_VISIBLE_BEHIND_CHANGED = 148;
public static final int ENTER_ANIMATION_COMPLETE = 149;
String codeToString(int code) {
if (DEBUG_MESSAGES) {
switch (code) {
case LAUNCH_ACTIVITY: return "LAUNCH_ACTIVITY";
case PAUSE_ACTIVITY: return "PAUSE_ACTIVITY";
case PAUSE_ACTIVITY_FINISHING: return "PAUSE_ACTIVITY_FINISHING";
case STOP_ACTIVITY_SHOW: return "STOP_ACTIVITY_SHOW";
case STOP_ACTIVITY_HIDE: return "STOP_ACTIVITY_HIDE";
case SHOW_WINDOW: return "SHOW_WINDOW";
case HIDE_WINDOW: return "HIDE_WINDOW";
case RESUME_ACTIVITY: return "RESUME_ACTIVITY";
case SEND_RESULT: return "SEND_RESULT";
case DESTROY_ACTIVITY: return "DESTROY_ACTIVITY";
case BIND_APPLICATION: return "BIND_APPLICATION";
case EXIT_APPLICATION: return "EXIT_APPLICATION";
case NEW_INTENT: return "NEW_INTENT";
case RECEIVER: return "RECEIVER";
case CREATE_SERVICE: return "CREATE_SERVICE";
case SERVICE_ARGS: return "SERVICE_ARGS";
case STOP_SERVICE: return "STOP_SERVICE";
case CONFIGURATION_CHANGED: return "CONFIGURATION_CHANGED";
case CLEAN_UP_CONTEXT: return "CLEAN_UP_CONTEXT";
case GC_WHEN_IDLE: return "GC_WHEN_IDLE";
case BIND_SERVICE: return "BIND_SERVICE";
case UNBIND_SERVICE: return "UNBIND_SERVICE";
case DUMP_SERVICE: return "DUMP_SERVICE";
case LOW_MEMORY: return "LOW_MEMORY";
case ACTIVITY_CONFIGURATION_CHANGED: return "ACTIVITY_CONFIGURATION_CHANGED";
case RELAUNCH_ACTIVITY: return "RELAUNCH_ACTIVITY";
case PROFILER_CONTROL: return "PROFILER_CONTROL";
case CREATE_BACKUP_AGENT: return "CREATE_BACKUP_AGENT";
case DESTROY_BACKUP_AGENT: return "DESTROY_BACKUP_AGENT";
case SUICIDE: return "SUICIDE";
case REMOVE_PROVIDER: return "REMOVE_PROVIDER";
case ENABLE_JIT: return "ENABLE_JIT";
case DISPATCH_PACKAGE_BROADCAST: return "DISPATCH_PACKAGE_BROADCAST";
case SCHEDULE_CRASH: return "SCHEDULE_CRASH";
case DUMP_HEAP: return "DUMP_HEAP";
case DUMP_ACTIVITY: return "DUMP_ACTIVITY";
case SLEEPING: return "SLEEPING";
case SET_CORE_SETTINGS: return "SET_CORE_SETTINGS";
case UPDATE_PACKAGE_COMPATIBILITY_INFO: return "UPDATE_PACKAGE_COMPATIBILITY_INFO";
case TRIM_MEMORY: return "TRIM_MEMORY";
case DUMP_PROVIDER: return "DUMP_PROVIDER";
case UNSTABLE_PROVIDER_DIED: return "UNSTABLE_PROVIDER_DIED";
case REQUEST_ASSIST_CONTEXT_EXTRAS: return "REQUEST_ASSIST_CONTEXT_EXTRAS";
case TRANSLUCENT_CONVERSION_COMPLETE: return "TRANSLUCENT_CONVERSION_COMPLETE";
case INSTALL_PROVIDER: return "INSTALL_PROVIDER";
case ON_NEW_ACTIVITY_OPTIONS: return "ON_NEW_ACTIVITY_OPTIONS";
case CANCEL_VISIBLE_BEHIND: return "CANCEL_VISIBLE_BEHIND";
case BACKGROUND_VISIBLE_BEHIND_CHANGED: return "BACKGROUND_VISIBLE_BEHIND_CHANGED";
case ENTER_ANIMATION_COMPLETE: return "ENTER_ANIMATION_COMPLETE";
}
}
return Integer.toString(code);
}
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
if (DEBUG_MESSAGES) Slog.v(TAG, ">>> handling: " + codeToString(msg.what));
switch (msg.what) {
case LAUNCH_ACTIVITY: {
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityStart");
final ActivityClientRecord r = (ActivityClientRecord) msg.obj;
r.packageInfo = getPackageInfoNoCheck(
r.activityInfo.applicationInfo, r.compatInfo);
handleLaunchActivity(r, null);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
} break;
case RELAUNCH_ACTIVITY: {
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityRestart");
ActivityClientRecord r = (ActivityClientRecord)msg.obj;
handleRelaunchActivity(r);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
} break;
case PAUSE_ACTIVITY:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityPause");
handlePauseActivity((IBinder)msg.obj, false, (msg.arg1&1) != 0, msg.arg2,
(msg.arg1&2) != 0);
maybeSnapshot();
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
break;
case PAUSE_ACTIVITY_FINISHING:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityPause");
handlePauseActivity((IBinder)msg.obj, true, (msg.arg1&1) != 0, msg.arg2,
(msg.arg1&1) != 0);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
break;
case STOP_ACTIVITY_SHOW:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityStop");
handleStopActivity((IBinder)msg.obj, true, msg.arg2);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
break;
case STOP_ACTIVITY_HIDE:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityStop");
handleStopActivity((IBinder)msg.obj, false, msg.arg2);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
break;
case SHOW_WINDOW:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityShowWindow");
handleWindowVisibility((IBinder)msg.obj, true);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
break;
case HIDE_WINDOW:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityHideWindow");
handleWindowVisibility((IBinder)msg.obj, false);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
break;
case RESUME_ACTIVITY:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityResume");
handleResumeActivity((IBinder) msg.obj, true, msg.arg1 != 0, true);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
break;
case SEND_RESULT:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityDeliverResult");
handleSendResult((ResultData)msg.obj);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
break;
case DESTROY_ACTIVITY:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityDestroy");
handleDestroyActivity((IBinder)msg.obj, msg.arg1 != 0,
msg.arg2, false);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
break;
case BIND_APPLICATION:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "bindApplication");
AppBindData data = (AppBindData)msg.obj;
handleBindApplication(data);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
break;
case EXIT_APPLICATION:
if (mInitialApplication != null) {
mInitialApplication.onTerminate();
}
Looper.myLooper().quit();
break;
case NEW_INTENT:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityNewIntent");
handleNewIntent((NewIntentData)msg.obj);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
break;
case RECEIVER:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "broadcastReceiveComp");
handleReceiver((ReceiverData)msg.obj);
maybeSnapshot();
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
break;
case CREATE_SERVICE:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "serviceCreate");
handleCreateService((CreateServiceData)msg.obj);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
break;
case BIND_SERVICE:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "serviceBind");
handleBindService((BindServiceData)msg.obj);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
break;
case UNBIND_SERVICE:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "serviceUnbind");
handleUnbindService((BindServiceData)msg.obj);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
break;
case SERVICE_ARGS:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "serviceStart");
handleServiceArgs((ServiceArgsData)msg.obj);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
break;
case STOP_SERVICE:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "serviceStop");
handleStopService((IBinder)msg.obj);
maybeSnapshot();
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
break;
case CONFIGURATION_CHANGED:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "configChanged");
mCurDefaultDisplayDpi = ((Configuration)msg.obj).densityDpi;
handleConfigurationChanged((Configuration)msg.obj, null);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
break;
case CLEAN_UP_CONTEXT:
ContextCleanupInfo cci = (ContextCleanupInfo)msg.obj;
cci.context.performFinalCleanup(cci.who, cci.what);
break;
case GC_WHEN_IDLE:
scheduleGcIdler();
break;
case DUMP_SERVICE:
handleDumpService((DumpComponentInfo)msg.obj);
break;
case LOW_MEMORY:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "lowMemory");
handleLowMemory();
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
break;
case ACTIVITY_CONFIGURATION_CHANGED:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "activityConfigChanged");
handleActivityConfigurationChanged((IBinder)msg.obj);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
break;
case PROFILER_CONTROL:
handleProfilerControl(msg.arg1 != 0, (ProfilerInfo)msg.obj, msg.arg2);
break;
case CREATE_BACKUP_AGENT:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "backupCreateAgent");
handleCreateBackupAgent((CreateBackupAgentData)msg.obj);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
break;
case DESTROY_BACKUP_AGENT:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "backupDestroyAgent");
handleDestroyBackupAgent((CreateBackupAgentData)msg.obj);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
break;
case SUICIDE:
Process.killProcess(Process.myPid());
break;
case REMOVE_PROVIDER:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "providerRemove");
completeRemoveProvider((ProviderRefCount)msg.obj);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
break;
case ENABLE_JIT:
ensureJitEnabled();
break;
case DISPATCH_PACKAGE_BROADCAST:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "broadcastPackage");
handleDispatchPackageBroadcast(msg.arg1, (String[])msg.obj);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
break;
case SCHEDULE_CRASH:
throw new RemoteServiceException((String)msg.obj);
case DUMP_HEAP:
handleDumpHeap(msg.arg1 != 0, (DumpHeapData)msg.obj);
break;
case DUMP_ACTIVITY:
handleDumpActivity((DumpComponentInfo)msg.obj);
break;
case DUMP_PROVIDER:
handleDumpProvider((DumpComponentInfo)msg.obj);
break;
case SLEEPING:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "sleeping");
handleSleeping((IBinder)msg.obj, msg.arg1 != 0);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
break;
case SET_CORE_SETTINGS:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "setCoreSettings");
handleSetCoreSettings((Bundle) msg.obj);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
break;
case UPDATE_PACKAGE_COMPATIBILITY_INFO:
handleUpdatePackageCompatibilityInfo((UpdateCompatibilityData)msg.obj);
break;
case TRIM_MEMORY:
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "trimMemory");
handleTrimMemory(msg.arg1);
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
break;
case UNSTABLE_PROVIDER_DIED:
handleUnstableProviderDied((IBinder)msg.obj, false);
break;
case REQUEST_ASSIST_CONTEXT_EXTRAS:
handleRequestAssistContextExtras((RequestAssistContextExtras)msg.obj);
break;
case TRANSLUCENT_CONVERSION_COMPLETE:
handleTranslucentConversionComplete((IBinder)msg.obj, msg.arg1 == 1);
break;
case INSTALL_PROVIDER:
handleInstallProvider((ProviderInfo) msg.obj);
break;
case ON_NEW_ACTIVITY_OPTIONS:
Pair<IBinder, ActivityOptions> pair = (Pair<IBinder, ActivityOptions>) msg.obj;
onNewActivityOptions(pair.first, pair.second);
break;
case CANCEL_VISIBLE_BEHIND:
handleCancelVisibleBehind((IBinder) msg.obj);
break;
case BACKGROUND_VISIBLE_BEHIND_CHANGED:
handleOnBackgroundVisibleBehindChanged((IBinder) msg.obj, msg.arg1 > 0);
break;
case ENTER_ANIMATION_COMPLETE:
handleEnterAnimationComplete((IBinder) msg.obj);
break;
}
if (DEBUG_MESSAGES) Slog.v(TAG, "<<< done: " + codeToString(msg.what));
}从这个Hanlder中我们可以知道，他最终调用的是handleLaunchActivity方法
private void handleLaunchActivity(ActivityClientRecord r, Intent customIntent) {
// If we are getting ready to gc after going to the background, well
// we are back active so skip it.
unscheduleGcIdler();
mSomeActivitiesChanged = true;
if (r.profilerInfo != null) {
mProfiler.setProfiler(r.profilerInfo);
mProfiler.startProfiling();
}
// Make sure we are running with the most recent config.
handleConfigurationChanged(null, null);
if (localLOGV) Slog.v(
TAG, "Handling launch of " + r);
Activity a = performLaunchActivity(r, customIntent);
if (a != null) {
r.createdConfig = new Configuration(mConfiguration);
Bundle oldState = r.state;
handleResumeActivity(r.token, false, r.isForward,
!r.activity.mFinished && !r.startsNotResumed);
if (!r.activity.mFinished && r.startsNotResumed) {
// The activity manager actually wants this one to start out
// paused, because it needs to be visible but isn't in the
// foreground. We accomplish this by going through the
// normal startup (because activities expect to go through
// onResume() the first time they run, before their window
// is displayed), and then pausing it. However, in this case
// we do -not- need to do the full pause cycle (of freezing
// and such) because the activity manager assumes it can just
// retain the current state it has.
try {
r.activity.mCalled = false;
mInstrumentation.callActivityOnPause(r.activity);
// We need to keep around the original state, in case
// we need to be created again. But we only do this
// for pre-Honeycomb apps, which always save their state
// when pausing, so we can not have them save their state
// when restarting from a paused state. For HC and later,
// we want to (and can) let the state be saved as the normal
// part of stopping the activity.
if (r.isPreHoneycomb()) {
r.state = oldState;
}
if (!r.activity.mCalled) {
throw new SuperNotCalledException(
"Activity " + r.intent.getComponent().toShortString() +
" did not call through to super.onPause()");
}
} catch (SuperNotCalledException e) {
throw e;
} catch (Exception e) {
if (!mInstrumentation.onException(r.activity, e)) {
throw new RuntimeException(
"Unable to pause activity "
+ r.intent.getComponent().toShortString()
+ ": " + e.toString(), e);
}
}
r.paused = true;
}
} else {
// If there was an error, for any reason, tell the activity
// manager to stop us.
try {
ActivityManagerNative.getDefault()
.finishActivity(r.token, Activity.RESULT_CANCELED, null, false);
} catch (RemoteException ex) {
// Ignore
}
}
}
从这段源码中我们可以看到，performLaunchActivity方法最终完成了对象的创建和启动，并且ActivityThread通过handleResumeActivity方法调用被启动的Activity的onResume这一生命周期。
handleResumeActivity这个方法主要完成了如下几个事件：
- 1.从ActivityClientRecord中获取待启动的Activity组件信息
ActivityInfo aInfo = r.activityInfo;
if (r.packageInfo == null) {
r.packageInfo = getPackageInfo(aInfo.applicationInfo, r.compatInfo,
Context.CONTEXT_INCLUDE_CODE);
}
ComponentName component = r.intent.getComponent();
if (component == null) {
component = r.intent.resolveActivity(
mInitialApplication.getPackageManager());
r.intent.setComponent(component);
}
if (r.activityInfo.targetActivity != null) {
component = new ComponentName(r.activityInfo.packageName,
r.activityInfo.targetActivity);
}- 2.通过instrumentation的newActivity方法使用类加载器创建Activity对象
Activity activity = null;
try {
java.lang.ClassLoader cl = r.packageInfo.getClassLoader();
activity = mInstrumentation.newActivity(
cl, component.getClassName(), r.intent);
StrictMode.incrementExpectedActivityCount(activity.getClass());
r.intent.setExtrasClassLoader(cl);
r.intent.prepareToEnterProcess();
if (r.state != null) {
r.state.setClassLoader(cl);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
if (!mInstrumentation.onException(activity, e)) {
throw new RuntimeException(
"Unable to instantiate activity " + component
+ ": " + e.toString(), e);
}
}
至于instrumentation的newActivity，他的实现就比较简单，就是通过类加载器创建
public Activity newActivity(ClassLoader cl, String className,
Intent intent)
throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException,
ClassNotFoundException {
return (Activity)cl.loadClass(className).newInstance();
}- 3.通过LoadedApk的makeApplicatiton方法来创建Application对象
public Application makeApplication(boolean forceDefaultAppClass,
Instrumentation instrumentation) {
if (mApplication != null) {
return mApplication;
}
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "makeApplication");
Application app = null;
String appClass = mApplicationInfo.className;
if (forceDefaultAppClass || (appClass == null)) {
appClass = "android.app.Application";
}
try {
java.lang.ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader();
if (!mPackageName.equals("android")) {
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER,
"initializeJavaContextClassLoader");
initializeJavaContextClassLoader();
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
}
ContextImpl appContext = ContextImpl.createAppContext(mActivityThread, this);
app = mActivityThread.mInstrumentation.newApplication(
cl, appClass, appContext);
appContext.setOuterContext(app);
} catch (Exception e) {
if (!mActivityThread.mInstrumentation.onException(app, e)) {
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
throw new RuntimeException(
"Unable to instantiate application " + appClass
+ ": " + e.toString(), e);
}
}
mActivityThread.mAllApplications.add(app);
mApplication = app;
if (instrumentation != null) {
try {
instrumentation.callApplicationOnCreate(app);
} catch (Exception e) {
if (!instrumentation.onException(app, e)) {
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
throw new RuntimeException(
"Unable to create application " + app.getClass().getName()
+ ": " + e.toString(), e);
}
}
}
// Rewrite the R 'constants' for all library apks.
SparseArray<String> packageIdentifiers = getAssets().getAssignedPackageIdentifiers();
final int N = packageIdentifiers.size();
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
final int id = packageIdentifiers.keyAt(i);
if (id == 0x01 || id == 0x7f) {
continue;
}
rewriteRValues(getClassLoader(), packageIdentifiers.valueAt(i), id);
}
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
return app;
}
从makeApplication的实现可以看出，如果Application已经被创建郭，那么久不会再重复创建了，这也意味着一个应用只有一个Application,Application对象的创建也是通过Instrumentation来完成的，这个过程和Activity对象的创建一样，都是通过类加载器来完成的，Application创建后，系统会通过Instrumentation的callApplicationOnCreate来调用Application的onCreate
- 4.创建ContextImpl对象兵通过Activity的attach方法来完成一些重要数据的初始化：
if (activity != null) {
CharSequence title = r.activityInfo.loadLabel(appContext.getPackageManager());
Configuration config = new Configuration(mCompatConfiguration);
if (r.overrideConfig != null) {
config.updateFrom(r.overrideConfig);
}
if (DEBUG_CONFIGURATION) Slog.v(TAG, "Launching activity "
+ r.activityInfo.name + " with config " + config);
Window window = null;
if (r.mPendingRemoveWindow != null && r.mPreserveWindow) {
window = r.mPendingRemoveWindow;
r.mPendingRemoveWindow = null;
r.mPendingRemoveWindowManager = null;
}
appContext.setOuterContext(activity);
activity.attach(appContext, this, getInstrumentation(), r.token,
r.ident, app, r.intent, r.activityInfo, title, r.parent,
r.embeddedID, r.lastNonConfigurationInstances, config,
r.referrer, r.voiceInteractor, window, r.configCallback);
ContextImpl是一个很重要的数据结构，他是Context的具体实现，Context中的大部分逻辑都是他来处理，ContextImpl是通过Activity的attach方法和Activity window简历关联，这样就可以接收到输入输出的事件了。
- 5.调用Activity的onCreate
instrumentation.callApplicationOnCreate，由于Activity的onCreate已经被调用，这也意味着Activity完成了整个启动过程。
OK，这本书的质量真的很好，所以内容也非常的多，我们一章节需要大篇幅也需要三篇才能理清楚，还有其他的三个组件，我们在下一篇博文中再来赘述。
来我的群玩玩吧
- Android旅行的路途 484167109
- Android进阶深度学习群 515171658(此群精品付费)
也可以关注我的微信公众号
