介绍
rsync命令是一个远程数据同步工具，可通过LAN/WAN快速同步多台主机间的文件。rsync使用所谓的“rsync算法”来使本地和远程两个主机之间的文件达到同步，这个算法只传送两个文件的不同部分，而不是每次都整份传送，因此速度相当快。 rsync是一个功能非常强大的工具，其命令也有很多功能特色选项，我们下面就对它的选项一一进行分析说明。
常用场景一
无密码同步
1、安装rsync
[root@localhost /]# yum -y install rsync
2、新建rsyncd.conf文件
vim /etc/rsyncd.conf
#This is the rsync daemon configuration
#global settings
pid file = /var/run/rsyncd.pid
port = 873
lock file = /var/run/rsyncd.lock
log file = /var/log/rsync.log
gid = root
uid = root
#module settings
[share_data] #共享名称
path = /web/rsync/share_data #共享路径
use chroot = no
max connections = 15
read only = yes
write only = no
list = no
ignore errors = yes
timeout = 120
保存
3、执行命令
/usr/bin/rsync --daemon
mkdir -p /web/rsync/share_data #新建共享目录，实例中直接输入要共享文件的就好，可省去次步
客户端
1、安装rsync
[root@localhost /]# yum -y install rsync
2、输入命令进行同步
rsync -avz --progress root@192.168.1.98::share_data /home/hadoop/share_data
↓ ↓ ↓
服务器IP 配置文件共享目录名 客户端收纳目录
3、限制流量同步
限制流量同步：
rsync -avz --bwlimit=50 --progress root@192.168.1.98::share_data /home/hadoop/share_data
常用场景二
有密码同步
服务端配置
1、配置文件修改
vim /etc/rsyncd.conf
#This is the rsync daemon configuration
#global settings
pid file = /var/run/rsyncd.pid
port = 873
lock file = /var/run/rsyncd.lock
log file = /var/log/rsync.log
gid = root
uid = root
#module settings
[auth_data]
path = /web/rsync/auth_data
use chroot = no
max connections = 15
read only = yes
write only = no
list = no
ignore errors = yes
timeout = 120
auth users = hadoop
secrets file = /etc/rsyncd.passwd
3、执行命令
echo "hadoop:password123" > /etc/rsyncd.passwd
chmod 600 /etc/rsyncd.passwd
mkdir -p /web/rsync/auth_data
客户端配置
1、保存密码
echo "password123" > /home/hadoop/rsyncd.passwd
chmod 600 /home/hadoop/rsyncd.passwd
2、远程同步
rsync -avz --progress --password-file=/home/hadoop/rsyncd.passwd hadoop@192.168.1.98::auth_data /home/hadoop/auth_data
或者是：
export RSYNC_PASSWORD="password123"
rsync -avz --progress hadoop@192.168.1.98::auth_data /home/hadoop/auth_data
常用场景三
写入同步
服务端
1、配置文件
vim /etc/rsyncd.conf
#global settings
pid file = /var/run/rsyncd.pid
port = 873
lock file = /var/run/rsyncd.lock
log file = /var/log/rsync.log
gid = root
uid = root
#module settings
[write_data]
path = /web/rsync/write_data
use chroot = no
max connections = 15
read only = no
list = no
ignore errors = yes
timeout = 120
auth users = hadoop
secrets file = /etc/rsyncd.passwd
保存
2、执行命令
mkdir -p /web/rsync/write_data
客户端
1、输入同步命令
echo "123" > /home/hadoop/write_file
export RSYNC_PASSWORD="password123"
rsync -avz --progress --delete /home/hadoop/write_file hadoop@192.168.1.98::write_data
常用场景四
限定IP或网段
服务端
1、配置文件修改
#global settings
pid file = /var/run/rsyncd.pid
port = 873
lock file = /var/run/rsyncd.lock
log file = /var/log/rsync.log
gid = root
uid = root
#module settings
[write_data]
path = /web/rsync/write_data
use chroot = no
max connections = 15
read only = no
list = no
ignore errors = yes
timeout = 120
auth users = hadoop
secrets file = /etc/rsyncd.passwd
hosts allow = 192.168.2.32 192.168.1.0/24
常见情景例子
指定端口
rsync -avz --port=8081 --progress /home/hadoop/auth_data hadoop@192.168.1.98::auth_data
限速
rsync --bwlimit=100 -avz --progress /home/hadoop/auth_data hadoop@192.168.1.98::auth_data
限速100kb/s同步数据
Rsync通过SSH传输
rsync -e "ssh -p 22" --progress /home/hadoop/auth_data hadoop@192.168.1.98::auth_data
本文参考：ggjucheng
更多命令参考
客户端 https://download.samba.org/pub/rsync/rsync.html
服务端 https://download.samba.org/pub/rsync/rsyncd.conf.html
