第 138 章 Spark
Apache Spark 是一种与 Hadoop 相似的开源集群计算环境，但是两者之间还存在一些不同之处，这些有用的不同之处使 Spark 在某些工作负载方面表现得更加优越，换句话说，Spark 启用了内存分布数据集，除了能够提供交互式查询外，它还可以优化迭代工作负载。 原文出处：Netkiller 系列 手札 本文作者：陈景峯 转载请与作者联系，同时请务必标明文章原始出处和作者信息及本声明。
第 141 章 Hadoop
本章节介绍 CentOS 7 下安装Hadoop最新版本2.8.0。
创建一个 hadoop 用户，这个用户将用于hadoop的启动与管理
[root@localhost ~]# adduser hadoop [root@localhost ~]# passwd hadoop Changing password for user hadoop. New password: Retype new password: passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
创建HFDS存储目录,建议使用 btrfs 子卷功能，创建子卷然后挂载到 /opt/hadoop
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /opt/hadoop/volume/{namenode,datanode}
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R hadoop:hadoop /opt/hadoop/
创建SSH秘钥
[root@localhost ~]# su - hadoop Last login: Wed Jun 28 20:53:16 EDT 2017 on pts/0 Last failed login: Wed Jun 28 20:58:20 EDT 2017 from localhost on ssh:notty There were 10 failed login attempts since the last successful login. [hadoop@localhost ~]$ ssh-keygen Generating public/private rsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/home/hadoop/.ssh/id_rsa): Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /home/hadoop/.ssh/id_rsa. Your public key has been saved in /home/hadoop/.ssh/id_rsa.pub. The key fingerprint is: 87:d5:6f:4f:b5:ac:d0:35:76:77:6e:5e:98:ae:92:2a hadoop@localhost.localdomain The key's randomart image is: +--[ RSA 2048]----+ | | | . | | . . +=| | o ..++B| | S .. .=o=| | . .o.=.| | . .. o| | E o . | | ... .. | +-----------------+ [hadoop@localhost ~]$ ssh-copy-id hadoop@localhost /bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed /bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys hadoop@localhost's password: Number of key(s) added: 1 Now try logging into the machine, with: "ssh 'hadoop@localhost'" and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.
这里你可以选择使用 OpenJDK 或者 Oracle 的 Server JRE
[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y java-1.8.0-openjdk
JAVA环境变量配置
[root@localhost ~]# cat >> /etc/profile.d/java.sh <<EOF ################################################ ### Java environment by neo<netkiller@msn.com> ################################################ export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/default export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar export JAVA_OPTS="-Xms2048m -Xmx4096m" EOF
如果你使用的是Oracle Java 请到Oracle网站下载的Server JRE 并配置 java classpath
# wget --no-cookies --header "Cookie: oraclelicense=accept-securebackup-cookie" http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/8u131-b11/d54c1d3a095b4ff2b6607d096fa80163/server-jre-8u131-linux-x64.tar.gz 如果你的服务器上没有安装 wget 还可以使用 curl 命令下载 # curl -LO -H "Cookie: oraclelicense=accept-securebackup-cookie" http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/8u131-b11/d54c1d3a095b4ff2b6607d096fa80163/server-jre-8u131-linux-x64.tar.gz?AuthParam=1498632436_9d59c44e2a4f0ca5bd359423ac5b790b
如果你不需要编译，仅仅用于服务器环境，那么无需下载JDK，Server JRE就可以了
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/src [root@localhost src]# wget http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/hadoop/common/hadoop-2.8.0/hadoop-2.8.0.tar.gz [root@localhost src]# tar zxf hadoop-2.8.0.tar.gz [root@localhost src]# mv hadoop-2.8.0 /srv/ [root@localhost src]# ln -s /srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0 /srv/apache-hadoop [root@localhost src]# chown -R hadoop:hadoop /srv/apache-hadoop* [root@localhost src]# su - hadoop [hadoop@localhost hadoop]$ cd /srv/apache-hadoop
默认 Hadoop 使用 JAVA_HOME 设置，如果你想使用的JRE来运行Hadoop可以配置
[hadoop@localhost hadoop]$ cp /srv/apache-hadoop/etc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh{,.original}
[hadoop@localhost hadoop]$ sed -i "25s:\${JAVA_HOME}:/srv/java:" hadoop-env.sh
编辑 etc/hadoop/core-site.xml 配置文件，配置HDFS地址
[hadoop@localhost hadoop]$ cp /srv/apache-hadoop/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml{,.original}
[hadoop@localhost hadoop]$ cat > /srv/apache-hadoop/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml <<EOF
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<configuration>
<property>
<name>fs.defaultFS</name>
<value>hdfs://localhost:9000/</value>
</property>
</configuration>
EOF
编辑 /srv/apache-hadoop/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml 配置文件，配置HDFS卷目录
[hadoop@localhost hadoop]$ cp /srv/apache-hadoop/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml{,.original}
[hadoop@localhost hadoop]$ cat > /srv/apache-hadoop/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml <<EOF
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<configuration>
<property>
<name>dfs.data.dir</name>
<value>file:///opt/hadoop/volume/datanode</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.name.dir</name>
<value>file:///opt/hadoop/volume/namenode</value>
</property>
</configuration>
EOF
编辑 /srv/apache-hadoop/etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml 配置文件
[hadoop@localhost hadoop]$ cp /srv/apache-hadoop/etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml{,.original}
[hadoop@localhost hadoop]$ cat > /srv/apache-hadoop/etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml <<"EOF"
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<configuration>
<property>
<name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
<value>yarn</value>
</property>
</configuration>
EOF
编辑 /srv/apache-hadoop/etc/hadoop/yarn-site.xml 配置文件
[hadoop@localhost hadoop]$ cp /srv/apache-hadoop/etc/hadoop/yarn-site.xml{,.original}
[hadoop@localhost hadoop]$ cat > /srv/apache-hadoop/etc/hadoop/yarn-site.xml <<"EOF"
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<configuration>
<property>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
<value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
</property>
</configuration>
EOF
单机配置不需要不需要处理slaves保持默认即可
[hadoop@localhost hadoop]$ cat /srv/apache-hadoop/etc/hadoop/slaves localhost
至此 Hadoop 配置已经完成
初始化 HDFS
[hadoop@localhost hadoop]$ bin/hdfs namenode -format 17/06/28 06:16:58 INFO namenode.NameNode: STARTUP_MSG: /************************************************************ STARTUP_MSG: Starting NameNode STARTUP_MSG: user = hadoop STARTUP_MSG: host = localhost/127.0.0.1 STARTUP_MSG: args = [-format] STARTUP_MSG: version = 2.8.0 STARTUP_MSG: classpath = /srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/etc/hadoop:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/activation-1.1.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/apacheds-i18n-2.0.0-M15.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/apacheds-kerberos-codec-2.0.0-M15.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/api-asn1-api-1.0.0-M20.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/api-util-1.0.0-M20.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/asm-3.2.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/avro-1.7.4.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-beanutils-1.7.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-beanutils-core-1.8.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-cli-1.2.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-codec-1.4.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-collections-3.2.2.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-compress-1.4.1.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-configuration-1.6.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-digester-1.8.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-io-2.4.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-lang-2.6.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-logging-1.1.3.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-math3-3.1.1.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/commons-net-3.1.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/curator-client-2.7.1.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/curator-framework-2.7.1.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/curator-recipes-2.7.1.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/gson-2.2.4.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/guava-11.0.2.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/hadoop-annotations-2.8.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/hadoop-auth-2.8.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/hamcrest-core-1.3.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/htrace-core4-4.0.1-incubating.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/httpclient-4.5.2.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/httpcore-4.4.4.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/jackson-core-asl-1.9.13.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/jackson-jaxrs-1.9.13.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/jackson-mapper-asl-1.9.13.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/jackson-xc-1.9.13.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/java-xmlbuilder-0.4.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/jaxb-api-2.2.2.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/jaxb-impl-2.2.3-1.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/jcip-annotations-1.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/jersey-core-1.9.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/jersey-json-1.9.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/jersey-server-1.9.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/jets3t-0.9.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/jettison-1.1.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/jetty-6.1.26.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/jetty-sslengine-6.1.26.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/jetty-util-6.1.26.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/jsch-0.1.51.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/json-smart-1.1.1.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/jsp-api-2.1.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/jsr305-3.0.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/junit-4.11.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/log4j-1.2.17.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/mockito-all-1.8.5.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/netty-3.6.2.Final.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/nimbus-jose-jwt-3.9.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/paranamer-2.3.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/protobuf-java-2.5.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/servlet-api-2.5.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/slf4j-api-1.7.10.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.10.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/snappy-java-1.0.4.1.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/stax-api-1.0-2.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/xmlenc-0.52.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/xz-1.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/zookeeper-3.4.6.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/hadoop-common-2.8.0-tests.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/hadoop-common-2.8.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/common/hadoop-nfs-2.8.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/hdfs:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/asm-3.2.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/commons-cli-1.2.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/commons-codec-1.4.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/commons-daemon-1.0.13.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/commons-io-2.4.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/commons-lang-2.6.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/commons-logging-1.1.3.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/guava-11.0.2.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/hadoop-hdfs-client-2.8.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/htrace-core4-4.0.1-incubating.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/jackson-core-asl-1.9.13.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/jackson-mapper-asl-1.9.13.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/jersey-core-1.9.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/jersey-server-1.9.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/jetty-6.1.26.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/jetty-util-6.1.26.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/jsr305-3.0.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/leveldbjni-all-1.8.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/log4j-1.2.17.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/netty-3.6.2.Final.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/netty-all-4.0.23.Final.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/okhttp-2.4.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/okio-1.4.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/protobuf-java-2.5.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/servlet-api-2.5.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/xercesImpl-2.9.1.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/xml-apis-1.3.04.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/xmlenc-0.52.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/hadoop-hdfs-2.8.0-tests.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/hadoop-hdfs-2.8.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/hadoop-hdfs-client-2.8.0-tests.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/hadoop-hdfs-client-2.8.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/hadoop-hdfs-native-client-2.8.0-tests.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/hadoop-hdfs-native-client-2.8.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/hdfs/hadoop-hdfs-nfs-2.8.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/activation-1.1.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/aopalliance-1.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/asm-3.2.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/commons-cli-1.2.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/commons-codec-1.4.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/commons-collections-3.2.2.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/commons-compress-1.4.1.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/commons-io-2.4.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/commons-lang-2.6.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/commons-logging-1.1.3.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/commons-math-2.2.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/curator-client-2.7.1.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/curator-test-2.7.1.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/fst-2.24.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/guava-11.0.2.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/guice-3.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/guice-servlet-3.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jackson-core-asl-1.9.13.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jackson-jaxrs-1.9.13.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jackson-mapper-asl-1.9.13.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jackson-xc-1.9.13.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/javassist-3.18.1-GA.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/javax.inject-1.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jaxb-api-2.2.2.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jaxb-impl-2.2.3-1.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jersey-client-1.9.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jersey-core-1.9.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jersey-guice-1.9.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jersey-json-1.9.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jersey-server-1.9.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jettison-1.1.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jetty-6.1.26.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jetty-util-6.1.26.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jsr305-3.0.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/leveldbjni-all-1.8.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/log4j-1.2.17.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/netty-3.6.2.Final.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/objenesis-2.1.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/protobuf-java-2.5.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/servlet-api-2.5.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/stax-api-1.0-2.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/xz-1.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/zookeeper-3.4.6-tests.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/zookeeper-3.4.6.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-api-2.8.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-applications-distributedshell-2.8.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-applications-unmanaged-am-launcher-2.8.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-client-2.8.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-common-2.8.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-registry-2.8.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-server-applicationhistoryservice-2.8.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-server-common-2.8.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-server-nodemanager-2.8.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-server-resourcemanager-2.8.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-server-sharedcachemanager-2.8.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-server-tests-2.8.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-server-timeline-pluginstorage-2.8.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/yarn/hadoop-yarn-server-web-proxy-2.8.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/aopalliance-1.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/asm-3.2.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/avro-1.7.4.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/commons-compress-1.4.1.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/commons-io-2.4.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/guice-3.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/guice-servlet-3.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/hadoop-annotations-2.8.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/hamcrest-core-1.3.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/jackson-core-asl-1.9.13.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/jackson-mapper-asl-1.9.13.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/javax.inject-1.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/jersey-core-1.9.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/jersey-guice-1.9.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/jersey-server-1.9.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/junit-4.11.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/leveldbjni-all-1.8.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/log4j-1.2.17.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/netty-3.6.2.Final.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/paranamer-2.3.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/protobuf-java-2.5.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/snappy-java-1.0.4.1.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/xz-1.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-client-app-2.8.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-client-common-2.8.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-client-core-2.8.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-client-hs-2.8.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-client-hs-plugins-2.8.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-client-jobclient-2.8.0-tests.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-client-jobclient-2.8.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-client-shuffle-2.8.0.jar:/srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples-2.8.0.jar:/contrib/capacity-scheduler/*.jar STARTUP_MSG: build = https://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/hadoop.git -r 91f2b7a13d1e97be65db92ddabc627cc29ac0009; compiled by 'jdu' on 2017-03-17T04:12Z STARTUP_MSG: java = 1.8.0_131 ************************************************************/ 17/06/28 06:16:58 INFO namenode.NameNode: registered UNIX signal handlers for [TERM, HUP, INT] 17/06/28 06:16:58 INFO namenode.NameNode: createNameNode [-format] Formatting using clusterid: CID-1c208cbf-7b56-41d5-9736-4e9a1f02aadb 17/06/28 06:16:58 INFO namenode.FSEditLog: Edit logging is async:false 17/06/28 06:16:58 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: KeyProvider: null 17/06/28 06:16:58 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: fsLock is fair: true 17/06/28 06:16:58 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: Detailed lock hold time metrics enabled: false 17/06/28 06:16:58 INFO blockmanagement.DatanodeManager: dfs.block.invalidate.limit=1000 17/06/28 06:16:58 INFO blockmanagement.DatanodeManager: dfs.namenode.datanode.registration.ip-hostname-check=true 17/06/28 06:16:58 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: dfs.namenode.startup.delay.block.deletion.sec is set to 000:00:00:00.000 17/06/28 06:16:58 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: The block deletion will start around 2017 Jun 28 06:16:58 17/06/28 06:16:58 INFO util.GSet: Computing capacity for map BlocksMap 17/06/28 06:16:58 INFO util.GSet: VM type = 64-bit 17/06/28 06:16:58 INFO util.GSet: 2.0% max memory 889 MB = 17.8 MB 17/06/28 06:16:58 INFO util.GSet: capacity = 2^21 = 2097152 entries 17/06/28 06:16:58 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: dfs.block.access.token.enable=false 17/06/28 06:16:58 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: defaultReplication = 3 17/06/28 06:16:58 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: maxReplication = 512 17/06/28 06:16:58 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: minReplication = 1 17/06/28 06:16:58 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: maxReplicationStreams = 2 17/06/28 06:16:58 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: replicationRecheckInterval = 3000 17/06/28 06:16:58 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: encryptDataTransfer = false 17/06/28 06:16:58 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: maxNumBlocksToLog = 1000 17/06/28 06:16:58 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: fsOwner = hadoop (auth:SIMPLE) 17/06/28 06:16:58 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: supergroup = supergroup 17/06/28 06:16:58 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: isPermissionEnabled = true 17/06/28 06:16:58 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: HA Enabled: false 17/06/28 06:16:58 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: Append Enabled: true 17/06/28 06:16:59 INFO util.GSet: Computing capacity for map INodeMap 17/06/28 06:16:59 INFO util.GSet: VM type = 64-bit 17/06/28 06:16:59 INFO util.GSet: 1.0% max memory 889 MB = 8.9 MB 17/06/28 06:16:59 INFO util.GSet: capacity = 2^20 = 1048576 entries 17/06/28 06:16:59 INFO namenode.FSDirectory: ACLs enabled? false 17/06/28 06:16:59 INFO namenode.FSDirectory: XAttrs enabled? true 17/06/28 06:16:59 INFO namenode.NameNode: Caching file names occurring more than 10 times 17/06/28 06:16:59 INFO util.GSet: Computing capacity for map cachedBlocks 17/06/28 06:16:59 INFO util.GSet: VM type = 64-bit 17/06/28 06:16:59 INFO util.GSet: 0.25% max memory 889 MB = 2.2 MB 17/06/28 06:16:59 INFO util.GSet: capacity = 2^18 = 262144 entries 17/06/28 06:16:59 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: dfs.namenode.safemode.threshold-pct = 0.9990000128746033 17/06/28 06:16:59 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: dfs.namenode.safemode.min.datanodes = 0 17/06/28 06:16:59 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: dfs.namenode.safemode.extension = 30000 17/06/28 06:16:59 INFO metrics.TopMetrics: NNTop conf: dfs.namenode.top.window.num.buckets = 10 17/06/28 06:16:59 INFO metrics.TopMetrics: NNTop conf: dfs.namenode.top.num.users = 10 17/06/28 06:16:59 INFO metrics.TopMetrics: NNTop conf: dfs.namenode.top.windows.minutes = 1,5,25 17/06/28 06:16:59 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: Retry cache on namenode is enabled 17/06/28 06:16:59 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: Retry cache will use 0.03 of total heap and retry cache entry expiry time is 600000 millis 17/06/28 06:16:59 INFO util.GSet: Computing capacity for map NameNodeRetryCache 17/06/28 06:16:59 INFO util.GSet: VM type = 64-bit 17/06/28 06:16:59 INFO util.GSet: 0.029999999329447746% max memory 889 MB = 273.1 KB 17/06/28 06:16:59 INFO util.GSet: capacity = 2^15 = 32768 entries 17/06/28 06:16:59 INFO namenode.FSImage: Allocated new BlockPoolId: BP-577822066-127.0.0.1-1498645019088 17/06/28 06:16:59 INFO common.Storage: Storage directory /opt/hadoop/volume/namenode has been successfully formatted. 17/06/28 06:16:59 INFO namenode.FSImageFormatProtobuf: Saving image file /opt/hadoop/volume/namenode/current/fsimage.ckpt_0000000000000000000 using no compression 17/06/28 06:16:59 INFO namenode.FSImageFormatProtobuf: Image file /opt/hadoop/volume/namenode/current/fsimage.ckpt_0000000000000000000 of size 323 bytes saved in 0 seconds. 17/06/28 06:16:59 INFO namenode.NNStorageRetentionManager: Going to retain 1 images with txid >= 0 17/06/28 06:16:59 INFO util.ExitUtil: Exiting with status 0 17/06/28 06:16:59 INFO namenode.NameNode: SHUTDOWN_MSG: /************************************************************ SHUTDOWN_MSG: Shutting down NameNode at localhost/127.0.0.1 ************************************************************/
如果一切正常，运行完毕后可以看到初始化创建的目录
[hadoop@localhost hadoop]$ find /opt/hadoop/volume/ /opt/hadoop/volume/ /opt/hadoop/volume/namenode /opt/hadoop/volume/namenode/current /opt/hadoop/volume/namenode/current/VERSION /opt/hadoop/volume/namenode/current/seen_txid /opt/hadoop/volume/namenode/current/fsimage_0000000000000000000.md5 /opt/hadoop/volume/namenode/current/fsimage_0000000000000000000 /opt/hadoop/volume/datanode
启动与停止 hadoop
启动/关闭所有服务 start-all.sh/stop-all.sh
你也可以根据自己的需要手工启动
启动/关闭HDFS: start-dfs.sh/stop-dfs.sh
[hadoop@localhost ~]$ /srv/apache-hadoop/sbin/start-dfs.sh Starting namenodes on [localhost] localhost: starting namenode, logging to /srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/logs/hadoop-hadoop-namenode-localhost.localdomain.out localhost: starting datanode, logging to /srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/logs/hadoop-hadoop-datanode-localhost.localdomain.out Starting secondary namenodes [0.0.0.0] The authenticity of host '0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0)' can't be established. ECDSA key fingerprint is f4:b8:65:48:55:4f:a5:a7:0f:16:ad:66:ef:98:f3:1f. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes 0.0.0.0: Warning: Permanently added '0.0.0.0' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts. 0.0.0.0: starting secondarynamenode, logging to /srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/logs/hadoop-hadoop-secondarynamenode-localhost.localdomain.out
启动/关闭 yarn: start-yarn.sh/stop-yarn.sh
[hadoop@localhost ~]$ /srv/apache-hadoop/sbin/start-yarn.sh starting yarn daemons starting resourcemanager, logging to /srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/logs/yarn-hadoop-resourcemanager-localhost.localdomain.out localhost: starting nodemanager, logging to /srv/apache-hadoop-2.8.0/logs/yarn-hadoop-nodemanager-localhost.localdomain.out
检查 Hadoop 线程
[hadoop@localhost ~]$ jps 25294 NodeManager 25189 ResourceManager 24770 DataNode 25665 Jps 24942 SecondaryNameNode 24634 NameNode
检查端口
[hadoop@localhost ~]$ ss -lnt | egrep "(9000|50070|8088|8042)"
LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1:9000 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:50070 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 :::8042 :::*
LISTEN 0 128 :::8088 :::*
原文出处：Netkiller 系列 手札
本文作者：陈景峯
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