1.简单写个例子，因为之前基本没写过python OOP。先写个父类
class Animal:
# 构造方法
def __init__(self, name):
self.name = name
# 公有方法
def run(self):
print(self.name, "is running")
def sing(self, song):
print(self.name, "is singing:", song)
def eat(self, food):
print(self.name, "is eating", food)
测试代码
if __name__ == '__main__':
panda = Animal("Panda")
dog = Animal("dog")
cat = Animal("cat")
panda.run()
panda.eat("pork")
panda.sing("I love bamboo")
dog.run()
dog.eat("bone")
dog.sing("I am a happy dog")
cat.run()
cat.eat("bamboo")
cat.sing("I believe I am a tiger")
输出
Panda is running
Panda is eating pork
Panda is singing: I love bamboo
dog is running
dog is eating bone
dog is singing: I am a happy dog
cat is running
cat is eating bamboo
cat is singing: I believe I am a tiger
这个测试结果我们发现，不管给什么，它都吃。于是我们希望不同的动物对同一个动作 （方法）有不同的表现形式（实现）
写子类
class Panda(Animal):
foods = ("bamboo",)
def __init__(self):
super(Panda, self).__init__("Panda") # 调用父类构造方法
def eat(self, food): # 重写父类 eat方法
if food in self.foods:
super().eat(food)
else:
print(self.name, "doesn't like", food)
class Dog(Animal):
foods = ("pork", "bone", "mouse")
def __init__(self):
super(Dog, self).__init__("Dog")
def eat(self, food): # 重写父类eat方法
if food in self.foods:
super().eat(food)
else:
print(self.name, "doesn't like", food)
class Cat(Animal):
foods = ("mouse", "pork")
def __init__(self):
super(Cat, self).__init__("Cat")
def eat(self, food): # 重写父类eat方法
if food in self.foods:
super().eat(food)
else:
print(self.name, "doesn't like", food)
def sing(self, song):
print(self.name, "is singing", "mia~ mia~ mia~")
测试代码
if __name__ == '__main__':
panda = Panda()
dog = Dog()
cat = Cat()
panda.run()
panda.eat("pork")
panda.sing("I love bamboo")
dog.run()
dog.eat("bone")
dog.sing("I am a happy dog")
cat.run()
cat.eat("bamboo")
cat.sing("I believe I am a tiger")
输出
Panda is running
Panda doesn't like pork
Panda is singing: I love bamboo
Dog is running
Dog is eating bone
Dog is singing: I am a happy dog
Cat is running
Cat doesn't like bamboo
Cat is singing mia~ mia~ mia~
最终代码
class Animal:
# 构造方法
def __init__(self, name):
self.name = name
# 公有方法
def run(self):
print(self.name, "is running")
def sing(self, song):
print(self.name, "is singing:", song)
def eat(self, food):
print(self.name, "is eating", food)
class Panda(Animal):
foods = ("bamboo",)
def __init__(self):
super(Panda, self).__init__("Panda") # 调用父类构造方法
def eat(self, food): # 重写父类 eat方法
if food in self.foods:
super().eat(food)
else:
print(self.name, "doesn't like", food)
class Dog(Animal):
foods = ("pork", "bone", "mouse")
def __init__(self):
super(Dog, self).__init__("Dog")
def eat(self, food): # 重写父类eat方法
if food in self.foods:
super().eat(food)
else:
print(self.name, "doesn't like", food)
class Cat(Animal):
foods = ("mouse", "pork")
def __init__(self):
super(Cat, self).__init__("Cat")
def eat(self, food): # 重写父类eat方法
if food in self.foods:
super().eat(food)
else:
print(self.name, "doesn't like", food)
def sing(self, song):
print(self.name, "is singing", "mia~ mia~ mia~")
if __name__ == '__main__':
panda = Panda()
dog = Dog()
cat = Cat()
# panda = Animal("Panda")
# dog = Animal("dog")
# cat = Animal("cat")
panda.run()
panda.eat("pork")
panda.sing("I love bamboo")
dog.run()
dog.eat("bone")
dog.sing("I am a happy dog")
cat.run()
cat.eat("bamboo")
cat.sing("I believe I am a tiger")
