mysql主从在目前企业中很常见的方案之一,主是将DML,DDL,DML语句用mysql dump进程将二进制日志记录,从是用thread_io线程读取主上的制日志存放中继日志中,再用thread_sql线程读取中继日志将数据写入到数据库,实现数据同步.

mysql dba技术群 378190849

武汉-linux运维群 236415619

架构规划:

tong1:192.168.1.247

tong2:192.168.1.248

1.配置网络

tong1节点:

[root@tong1 ~]# hostname 
tong1
[root@tong1 ~]# cat /etc/hosts
192.168.1.247 tong1
192.168.1.248 tong2

[root@tong1 ~]#

tong2节点:

[root@tong2 ~]# hostname 
tong2
[root@tong2 ~]# cat /etc/hosts
192.168.1.247 tong1
192.168.1.248 tong2

[root@tong2 ~]#

2.下载安装mysql数据库

在两个节点安装mysql数据库

[root@tong1 ~]# wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.23-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

[root@tong1 ~]# tar xvf mysql-5.6.23-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz  -C /usr/local/

[root@tong1 ~]# cd /usr/local/

[root@tong1 ~]# mv mysql-5.6.23-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/ mysql-5.6.23

[root@tong1 ~]# cd mysql-5.6.23/

[root@tong1 ~]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --group=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql-5.6.23 --datadir=/usr/local/mysql-5.6.23/data

[root@tong1 ~]# cp -a my.cnf  /etc/

[root@tong1 ~]# cp -a support-files/mysql.server  /etc/init.d/mysqld

[root@tong1 ~]# chkconfig  --add mysqld

[root@tong1 ~]# chkconfig  mysqld on

[root@tong1 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf

basedir = /usr/local/mysql-5.6.23
datadir = /usr/local/mysql-5.6.23/data
port = 3306
server_id = 20
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

[root@tong1 ~]# pkill  mysqld

[root@tong1 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld  restart

[root@tong1 ~]# /usr/local/mysql-5.6.23/bin/mysqladmin  -u root password 'system'

[root@tong1 ~]# /usr/local/mysql-5.6.23/bin/mysql -u root -p  --输入密码system
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.6.23 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> exit
Bye
[root@tong1 ~]# 

3.在主库上开启二进制日志和防火墙

tong1节点:

[root@tong1 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf

basedir = /usr/local/mysql-5.6.23
datadir = /usr/local/mysql-5.6.23/data
port = 3306
server_id = 20
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

log-bin=mysql-bin
log-bin-index=mysql-bin-index

[root@tong1 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/iptables

-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp -s 192.168.1.248 --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT

[root@tong1 ~]# /etc/init.d/iptables restart
iptables: Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter          [  OK  ]
iptables: Flushing firewall rules:                         [  OK  ]
iptables: Unloading modules:                               [  OK  ]
iptables: Applying firewall rules:                         [  OK  ]
[root@tong1 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! 
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! 

[root@tong1 ~]# /usr/local/mysql-5.6.23/bin/mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.6.23 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> grant replication slave ,replication client on *.* to repl_user@'192.168.1.248' identified by 'system!#%246';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> create database tong;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show master status ;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 |      528 |              |                  |                   |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> 

4.在从库上配置复制主库的数据

[root@tong2 mysql-5.6.23]# vim /etc/my.cnf

basedir = /usr/local/mysql-5.6.23
datadir = /usr/local/mysql-5.6.23/data
port = 3306
server_id = 10
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

replicate-do-db=tong
replicate-ignore-db=mysql

[root@tong2 mysql-5.6.23]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! 
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! 
[root@tong2 mysql-5.6.23]# /usr/local/mysql-5.6.23/bin/mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.6.23 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> create database tong;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> change master to  master_host='192.168.1.247',master_user='repl_user',master_password='system!#%246',master_port=3306,master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=528;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.43 sec)
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

mysql> show slave status \G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 192.168.1.247
                  Master_User: repl_user
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 528
               Relay_Log_File: tong2-relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 283
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: tong
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 528
              Relay_Log_Space: 456
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 20
                  Master_UUID: 3de2c8c6-ed4c-11e4-9392-1078d2c78303
             Master_Info_File: /usr/local/mysql-5.6.23/data/master.info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind: 
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
               Master_SSL_Crl: 
           Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 
            Executed_Gtid_Set: 
                Auto_Position: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> 

5.验证主从同步

tong1主库:

[root@tong1 mysql-5.6.23]# /usr/local/mysql-5.6.23/bin/mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.6.23 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> \u tong
Database changed
mysql> create table t (a int);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.29 sec)

mysql> insert into t values(1),(2),(3);
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.03 sec)
Records: 3  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from t;
+------+
| a    |
+------+
|    1 |
|    2 |
|    3 |
+------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> 

tong2从库验证数据:

[root@tong2 mysql-5.6.23]# /usr/local/mysql-5.6.23/bin/mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.6.23 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> \u tong

mysql> select * from t;
+------+
| a    |
+------+
|    1 |
|    2 |
|    3 |
+------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>