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阿里云物联网平台物模型功能测试示例Demo

日期:2020-03-07点击:521

概述

物模型指将物理空间中的实体数字化,并在云端构建该实体的数据模型。在物联网平台中,定义物模型即定义产品功能。完成功能定义后,系统将自动生成该产品的物模型。物模型描述产品是什么,能做什么,可以对外提供哪些服务。物模型将产品功能类型分为三类:属性、服务、和事件。定义了这三类功能,即完成了物模型的定义。

功能类型 说明
属性(Property) 一般用于描述设备运行时的状态,如环境监测设备所读取的当前环境温度等。属性支持GET和SET请求方式。应用系统可发起对属性的读取和设置请求。
服务(Service) 设备可被外部调用的能力或方法,可设置输入参数和输出参数。相比于属性,服务可通过一条指令实现更复杂的业务逻辑,如执行某项特定的任务。
事件(Event) 设备运行时的事件。事件一般包含需要被外部感知和处理的通知信息,可包含多个输出参数。如,某项任务完成的信息,或者设备发生故障或告警时的温度等,事件可以被订阅和推送。

使用: 设备端可以上报属性和事件;云端可以向设备端发送设置属性和调用服务的指令。

Step By Step

1、产品物模型model.json(替换产品productKey导入即可)

{ "schema":"https://iotx-tsl.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/schema.json", "profile":{ "productKey":"a1qLU******" }, "properties":[ { "identifier":"Temperature", "name":"温度", "accessMode":"rw", "desc":"电机工作温度", "required":false, "dataType":{ "type":"float", "specs":{ "min":"-55", "max":"200", "unit":"℃", "step":"0.1" } } } ], "events":[ { "identifier":"post", "name":"post", "type":"info", "required":true, "desc":"属性上报", "method":"thing.event.property.post", "outputData":[ { "identifier":"Temperature", "name":"温度", "dataType":{ "type":"float", "specs":{ "min":"-55", "max":"200", "unit":"℃", "step":"0.1" } } } ] }, { "identifier":"event1", "name":"异常事件", "type":"info", "required":false, "method":"thing.event.event1.post", "outputData":[ { "identifier":"event1", "name":"事件参数1", "dataType":{ "type":"int", "specs":{ "min":"1", "max":"100", "step":"1" } } } ] } ], "services":[ { "identifier":"set", "name":"set", "required":true, "callType":"async", "desc":"属性设置", "method":"thing.service.property.set", "inputData":[ { "identifier":"Temperature", "name":"温度", "dataType":{ "type":"float", "specs":{ "min":"-55", "max":"200", "unit":"℃", "step":"0.1" } } } ], "outputData":[ ] }, { "identifier":"get", "name":"get", "required":true, "callType":"async", "desc":"属性获取", "method":"thing.service.property.get", "inputData":[ "Temperature" ], "outputData":[ { "identifier":"Temperature", "name":"温度", "dataType":{ "type":"float", "specs":{ "min":"-55", "max":"200", "unit":"℃", "step":"0.1" } } } ] }, { "identifier":"addFuctionServiceAsync", "name":"异步加法服务", "required":false, "callType":"async", "method":"thing.service.addFuctionServiceAsync", "inputData":[ { "identifier":"add1", "name":"加数1", "dataType":{ "type":"int", "specs":{ "min":"1", "max":"100", "step":"1" } } }, { "identifier":"add2", "name":"加数2", "dataType":{ "type":"int", "specs":{ "min":"1", "max":"100", "step":"1" } } } ], "outputData":[ { "identifier":"result", "name":"结果", "dataType":{ "type":"int", "specs":{ "min":"1", "max":"200", "step":"1" } } } ] }, { "identifier":"addFuctionServiceSync", "name":"加法服务", "required":false, "callType":"sync", "desc":"同步功能", "method":"thing.service.addFuctionServiceSync", "inputData":[ { "identifier":"add2", "name":"加数2", "dataType":{ "type":"int", "specs":{ "min":"1", "max":"100", "step":"1" } } }, { "identifier":"add1", "name":"加数1", "dataType":{ "type":"int", "specs":{ "min":"1", "max":"100", "step":"1" } } } ], "outputData":[ { "identifier":"result", "name":"计算结果", "dataType":{ "type":"int", "specs":{ "min":"1", "max":"200", "step":"1" } } } ] } ] }

2、设备端Code Sample(基于开源Java MQTT Client)

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject; import com.alibaba.taro.AliyunIoTSignUtil; import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.*; import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.persist.MemoryPersistence; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; public class IoTThingTest { public static String productKey = "a1qLU******"; public static String deviceName = "device1"; public static String deviceSecret = "cA9wzIM6bL2QI6DgAaSO0FPg********"; public static String regionId = "cn-shanghai"; // 物模型-属性上报topic private static String pubTopic = "/sys/" + productKey + "/" + deviceName + "/thing/event/property/post"; // 物模型-属性响应topic private static String subTopic = "/sys/" + productKey + "/" + deviceName + "/thing/event/property/post_reply"; // 物模型-事件上报topic private static String eventPubTopic = "/sys/" + productKey + "/" + deviceName + "/thing/event/event1/post"; // 物模型-事件上报响应topic private static String eventSubTopic = "/sys/" + productKey + "/" + deviceName + "/thing/event/event1/post_reply"; private static MqttClient mqttClient; public static void main(String [] args){ // 初始化Client initAliyunIoTClient(); try { mqttClient.subscribe(subTopic); // 订阅Topic mqttClient.subscribe(eventSubTopic); } catch (MqttException e) { System.out.println("error:" + e.getMessage()); e.printStackTrace(); } // 设置订阅监听 mqttClient.setCallback(new MqttCallback() { @Override public void connectionLost(Throwable throwable) { System.out.println("connection Lost"); } @Override public void messageArrived(String s, MqttMessage mqttMessage) throws Exception { System.out.println("Sub message"); System.out.println("Topic : " + s); System.out.println(new String(mqttMessage.getPayload())); //打印输出消息payLoad // 服务调用处理 if (s.contains("Async") || s.contains("rrpc")) { String content = new String((byte[]) mqttMessage.getPayload()); System.out.println("服务请求Topic:" + s); System.out.println("服务指令:" + content); JSONObject request = JSONObject.parseObject(content); JSONObject params = request.getJSONObject("params"); if (!params.containsKey("add1")) { // 检查入参 System.out.println("不包含参数add1"); return; } Integer input1 = params.getInteger("add1"); // 获取入参 Integer input2 = params.getInteger("add2"); // 获取入参 JSONObject response = new JSONObject(); JSONObject data = new JSONObject(); data.put("result", input1 + input2); response.put("id", request.get("id")); response.put("code", 200); response.put("data", data); String responseTopic = s; // 服务响应 if (s.contains("rrpc")) { // 同步服务调用响应Topic responseTopic = s.replace("request", "response"); } else { // 异步服务调用响应Topic responseTopic = responseTopic + "_reply"; } MqttMessage message1 = new MqttMessage(response.toString().getBytes("utf-8")); System.out.println("responseTopic: " + responseTopic); mqttClient.publish(responseTopic, message1); } } @Override public void deliveryComplete(IMqttDeliveryToken iMqttDeliveryToken) { } }); // 属性上报 postDeviceProperties(); // 事件上报 postDeviceEvent(); } /** * 初始化 Client 对象 */ private static void initAliyunIoTClient() { try { // 构造连接需要的参数 String clientId = "java" + System.currentTimeMillis(); Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<>(16); params.put("productKey", productKey); params.put("deviceName", deviceName); params.put("clientId", clientId); String timestamp = String.valueOf(System.currentTimeMillis()); params.put("timestamp", timestamp); // cn-shanghai String targetServer = "tcp://" + productKey + ".iot-as-mqtt."+regionId+".aliyuncs.com:1883"; String mqttclientId = clientId + "|securemode=3,signmethod=hmacsha1,timestamp=" + timestamp + "|"; String mqttUsername = deviceName + "&" + productKey; String mqttPassword = AliyunIoTSignUtil.sign(params, deviceSecret, "hmacsha1"); connectMqtt(targetServer, mqttclientId, mqttUsername, mqttPassword); } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println("initAliyunIoTClient error " + e.getMessage()); } } public static void connectMqtt(String url, String clientId, String mqttUsername, String mqttPassword) throws Exception { MemoryPersistence persistence = new MemoryPersistence(); mqttClient = new MqttClient(url, clientId, persistence); MqttConnectOptions connOpts = new MqttConnectOptions(); // MQTT 3.1.1 connOpts.setMqttVersion(4); connOpts.setAutomaticReconnect(false); connOpts.setConnectionTimeout(10); // connOpts.setCleanSession(true); connOpts.setCleanSession(false); connOpts.setUserName(mqttUsername); connOpts.setPassword(mqttPassword.toCharArray()); connOpts.setKeepAliveInterval(60); mqttClient.connect(connOpts); } /** * 事件上报 */ private static void postDeviceEvent() { try { //上报数据 //高级版 物模型-属性上报payload System.out.println("事件上报"); String payloadJson = "{\"params\":{\"event1\":23}}"; MqttMessage message = new MqttMessage(payloadJson.getBytes("utf-8")); message.setQos(1); mqttClient.publish(eventPubTopic, message); } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println(e.getMessage()); } } /** * 汇报属性 */ private static void postDeviceProperties() { try { //上报数据 //高级版 物模型-属性上报payload System.out.println("上报属性值"); String payloadJson = "{\"params\":{\"Temperature\":13}}"; MqttMessage message = new MqttMessage(payloadJson.getBytes("utf-8")); message.setQos(1); mqttClient.publish(pubTopic, message); } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println(e.getMessage()); } } }

参考链接:基于开源JAVA MQTT Client连接阿里云IoT

3、启动设备查看属性及事件上报情况

  • 3.1 服务端情况

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  • 3.2 设备端reply情况
上报属性值 事件上报 Sub message Topic : /sys/a1qLU******/device1/thing/event/property/post_reply {"code":200,"data":{},"id":"null","message":"success","method":"thing.event.property.post","version":"1.0"} Sub message Topic : /sys/a1qLU******/device1/thing/event/event1/post_reply {"code":200,"data":{},"id":"null","message":"success","method":"thing.event.event1.post","version":"1.0"}

4、异步服务调用

  • 4.1 说明

通过InvokeThingServiceInvokeThingsService接口调用服务,物联网平台采用异步方式下行推送请求,设备也采用异步方式返回结果。 此时,服务选择为异步调用方式,物联网平台订阅此处的异步响应Topic。异步调用的结果,可以使用规则引擎数据流转功能获取,也可以使用服务端订阅获取。

_

  • 4.3 设备端日志
Sub message Topic : /sys/a1qLU******/device1/thing/service/addFuctionServiceAsync {"method":"thing.service.addFuctionServiceAsync","id":"2015524670","params":{"add2":2,"add1":2},"version":"1.0.0"} 服务请求Topic:/sys/a1qLU******/device1/thing/service/addFuctionServiceAsync 服务指令:{"method":"thing.service.addFuctionServiceAsync","id":"2015524670","params":{"add2":2,"add1":2},"version":"1.0.0"} responseTopic: /sys/a1qLU******/device1/thing/service/addFuctionServiceAsync_reply
  • 4.4 控制台日志

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  • 4.5 AMQP 服务端订阅获取的服务响应
Content:{"iotId":"*******","code":200,"data":{"result":4},"requestId":"2009566194","topic":"/sys/*******/device1/thing/service/addFuctionServiceAsync_reply","source":"DEVICE","gmtCreate":1583658474852,"productKey":"a1qLU******","deviceName":"device1"}

5、同步服务调用

  • 5.1 说明

通过InvokeThingServiceInvokeThingsService接口调用服务,物联网平台直接使用RRPC同步方式下行推送请求。此时,服务选择为同步调用方式,物联网平台订阅RRPC对应Topic。

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  • 5.3 设备端日志
Sub message Topic : /sys/a1qLU******/device1/rrpc/request/1236608506958775809 {"method":"thing.service.addFuctionServiceSync","id":"2015301903","params":{"add2":2,"add1":2},"version":"1.0.0"} 服务请求Topic:/sys/a1qLU******/device1/rrpc/request/1236608506958775809 服务指令:{"method":"thing.service.addFuctionServiceSync","id":"2015301903","params":{"add2":2,"add1":2},"version":"1.0.0"} responseTopic: /sys/a1qLU******/device1/rrpc/response/1236608506958775809
  • 5.4 控制台日志

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更多参考

设备属性、事件、服务
同步服务调用
基于开源Java MQTT Client的阿里云物联网平台RRPC功能测试
阿里云物联网平台规则引擎综述

原文链接:https://yq.aliyun.com/articles/748555
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