原文:
SQL Server ->> 时间函数: EOMONTH, DATEFROMPARTS, TIMEFROMPARTS, DATETIMEFROMPARTS, DATETIMEOFFSETFROMPARTS
上面几个函数都是SQL Server 2012新增的时间函数。
EOMONTH
返回传入时间的月结束日,返回数据类型为DATE
SELECT EOMONTH(GETDATE())
结果为
DATEFROMPARTS
如同C#或者Java声明一个DATETIME实例那样通过传入YEAR, MONTH, DAY的数字值得到一个DATETIME的实例。这里也是一样。通过传入年月日来得到一个DATE。但是如果你一旦传入的参数无法构造出一个合法的时间,就会报错。
DECLARE @Year int, @Month int, @Day int
SET @Year = 2012
SET @Month = 02
SET @Day = 30
SELECT DATEFROMPARTS (@Year, @Month, @Day) AS MyDate
结果就是
Msg 289, Level 16, State 1, Line 61
Cannot construct data type date, some of the arguments have values which are not valid.
如果是合法
DECLARE @Year int, @Month int, @Day int
SET @Year = 2012
SET @Month = 02
SET @Day = 28
SELECT DATEFROMPARTS (@Year, @Month, @Day) AS MyDate
那就是
TIMEFROMPARTS
和DATEFROMPARTS类似,只不过传入的变成HOUR, MINUTE, SECOND,MILLISECOND和MILLISECOND精确位数,然后返回的是一个TIME类型。有一个需要注意的是这个函数的第五个参数是不支持整型变量的,必须是显示常量传入。
比如
DECLARE @Hour int, @Minutes int, @Seconds int,
@FractionsOfASecond int
SET @Hour = 15
SET @Minutes = 23
SET @Seconds = 47
SET @FractionsOfASecond = 500
SELECT TIMEFROMPARTS(@Hour, @Minutes, @Seconds, @FractionsOfASecond, 3) AS MyTime
结果
如果传入一个NULL值呢
DECLARE @Hour int, @Minutes int, @Seconds int,
@FractionsOfASecond int
SET @Hour = 15
SET @Minutes = 23
SET @Seconds = 47
SET @FractionsOfASecond = 500
SELECT TIMEFROMPARTS(@Hour, @Minutes, @Seconds, NULL, 3) AS MyTime
结果也是NULL
DATETIMEFROMPARTS
这个就是前面两个的结合。特点也就是传入NULL值就是结果变NULL,不合法值就报错。奇怪的是它没有了TIMEFROMPARTS的精确位数参数。
DECLARE @Year int, @Month int, @Day int, @Hour int
DECLARE @Minutes int, @Seconds int, @MilliSeconds int
SET @Year = 2012
SET @Month = 07
SET @Day = 23
SET @Hour = 17
SET @Minutes = 27
SET @Seconds = 49
SET @MilliSeconds = 0
SELECT DATETIMEFROMPARTS (@Year, @Month, @Day, @Hour, @Minutes,
@Seconds, @MilliSeconds) AS MyDateTime
结果
DATETIMEOFFSETFROMPARTS
这个比较有意思。加入了TIMEZONE。
DECLARE @Year int, @Month int, @Day int
DECLARE @Hour int, @Minutes int, @Seconds int
DECLARE @FractionsOfASecond int
DECLARE @HourOffSet int, @MinuteOffSet int
SET @Year = 2012
SET @Month = 02
SET @Day = 26
SET @Hour = 15
SET @Minutes = 57
SET @Seconds = 49
SET @FractionsOfASecond = 500
SET @HourOffSet = 7
SET @MinuteOffSet = 30
SELECT DATETIMEOFFSETFROMPARTS (@Year, @Month, @Day, @Hour,
@Minutes, @Seconds, @FractionsOfASecond, @HourOffSet,
@MinuteOffSet, 3) AS MyTimeZone