CentOS7 Docker安装操作以及基本命令

1.安装docker

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yum -y install docker-io

 [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install docker-io Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.163.com * extras: mirrors.btte.net * updates: mirrors.163.com Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package docker.x86_64 2:1.12.6-28.git1398f24.el7.centos will be installed --> Processing Dependency: docker-common = 2:1.12.6-28.git1398f24.el7.centos for package: 2:docker-1.12.6-28.git1398f24.el7.centos.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: docker-client = 2:1.12.6-28.git1398f24.el7.centos for package: 2:docker-1.12.6-28.git1398f24.el7.centos.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: oci-systemd-hook >= 1:0.1.4-9 for package: 2:docker-1.12.6-28.git1398f24.el7.centos.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: oci-register-machine >= 1:0-3.10 for package: 2:docker-1.12.6-28.git1398f24.el7.centos.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: container-selinux >= 2:2.12-2 for package: 2:docker-1.12.6-28.git1398f24.el7.centos.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: skopeo-containers for package: 2:docker-1.12.6-28.git1398f24.el7.centos.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package container-selinux.noarch 2:2.12-2.gite7096ce.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: policycoreutils >= 2.5-11 for package: 2:container-selinux-2.12-2.gite7096ce.el7.noarch ---> Package docker-client.x86_64 2:1.12.6-28.git1398f24.el7.centos will be installed ---> Package docker-common.x86_64 2:1.12.6-28.git1398f24.el7.centos will be installed ---> Package oci-register-machine.x86_64 1:0-3.11.gitdd0daef.el7 will be installed ---> Package oci-systemd-hook.x86_64 1:0.1.7-2.git2788078.el7 will be installed ---> Package skopeo-containers.x86_64 1:0.1.19-1.el7 will be installed --> Running transaction check ---> Package policycoreutils.x86_64 0:2.2.5-20.el7 will be updated --> Processing Dependency: policycoreutils = 2.2.5-20.el7 for package: policycoreutils-python-2.2.5-20.el7.x86_64 ---> Package policycoreutils.x86_64 0:2.5-11.el7_3 will be an update --> Processing Dependency: libsepol >= 2.5-6 for package: policycoreutils-2.5-11.el7_3.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libselinux-utils >= 2.5-6 for package: policycoreutils-2.5-11.el7_3.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libsepol.so.1(LIBSEPOL_1.1)(64bit) for package: policycoreutils-2.5-11.el7_3.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libsepol.so.1(LIBSEPOL_1.0)(64bit) for package: policycoreutils-2.5-11.el7_3.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libsemanage.so.1(LIBSEMANAGE_1.1)(64bit) for package: policycoreutils-2.5-11.el7_3.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package libselinux-utils.x86_64 0:2.2.2-6.el7 will be updated ---> Package libselinux-utils.x86_64 0:2.5-6.el7 will be an update --> Processing Dependency: libselinux(x86-64) = 2.5-6.el7 for package: libselinux-utils-2.5-6.el7.x86_64 ---> Package libsemanage.x86_64 0:2.1.10-18.el7 will be updated --> Processing Dependency: libsemanage = 2.1.10-18.el7 for package: libsemanage-python-2.1.10-18.el7.x86_64 ---> Package libsemanage.x86_64 0:2.5-5.1.el7_3 will be an update ---> Package libsepol.x86_64 0:2.1.9-3.el7 will be updated ---> Package libsepol.x86_64 0:2.5-6.el7 will be an update ---> Package policycoreutils-python.x86_64 0:2.2.5-20.el7 will be updated ---> Package policycoreutils-python.x86_64 0:2.5-11.el7_3 will be an update --> Processing Dependency: setools-libs >= 3.3.8-1 for package: policycoreutils-python-2.5-11.el7_3.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package libselinux.x86_64 0:2.2.2-6.el7 will be updated --> Processing Dependency: libselinux = 2.2.2-6.el7 for package: libselinux-python-2.2.2-6.el7.x86_64 ---> Package libselinux.x86_64 0:2.5-6.el7 will be an update ---> Package libsemanage-python.x86_64 0:2.1.10-18.el7 will be updated ---> Package libsemanage-python.x86_64 0:2.5-5.1.el7_3 will be an update ---> Package setools-libs.x86_64 0:3.3.7-46.el7 will be updated ---> Package setools-libs.x86_64 0:3.3.8-1.1.el7 will be an update --> Running transaction check ---> Package libselinux-python.x86_64 0:2.2.2-6.el7 will be updated ---> Package libselinux-python.x86_64 0:2.5-6.el7 will be an update --> Processing Conflict: libsemanage-2.5-5.1.el7_3.x86_64 conflicts selinux-policy-base < 3.13.1-66 --> Restarting Dependency Resolution with new changes. --> Running transaction check ---> Package selinux-policy-targeted.noarch 0:3.13.1-60.el7 will be updated ---> Package selinux-policy-targeted.noarch 0:3.13.1-102.el7_3.16 will be an update --> Processing Dependency: selinux-policy = 3.13.1-102.el7_3.16 for package: selinux-policy-targeted-3.13.1-102.el7_3.16.noarch --> Processing Dependency: selinux-policy = 3.13.1-102.el7_3.16 for package: selinux-policy-targeted-3.13.1-102.el7_3.16.noarch --> Running transaction check ---> Package selinux-policy.noarch 0:3.13.1-60.el7 will be updated ---> Package selinux-policy.noarch 0:3.13.1-102.el7_3.16 will be an update --> Processing Conflict: libselinux-2.5-6.el7.x86_64 conflicts systemd < 219-20 --> Restarting Dependency Resolution with new changes. --> Running transaction check ---> Package systemd.x86_64 0:219-19.el7 will be updated --> Processing Dependency: systemd = 219-19.el7 for package: systemd-python-219-19.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: systemd = 219-19.el7 for package: systemd-sysv-219-19.el7.x86_64 ---> Package systemd.x86_64 0:219-30.el7_3.9 will be an update --> Processing Dependency: systemd-libs = 219-30.el7_3.9 for package: systemd-219-30.el7_3.9.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package systemd-libs.x86_64 0:219-19.el7 will be updated --> Processing Dependency: systemd-libs = 219-19.el7 for package: libgudev1-219-19.el7.x86_64 ---> Package systemd-libs.x86_64 0:219-30.el7_3.9 will be an update ---> Package systemd-python.x86_64 0:219-19.el7 will be updated ---> Package systemd-python.x86_64 0:219-30.el7_3.9 will be an update ---> Package systemd-sysv.x86_64 0:219-19.el7 will be updated ---> Package systemd-sysv.x86_64 0:219-30.el7_3.9 will be an update --> Running transaction check ---> Package libgudev1.x86_64 0:219-19.el7 will be updated ---> Package libgudev1.x86_64 0:219-30.el7_3.9 will be an update --> Finished Dependency Resolution  Dependencies Resolved ============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================  Package Arch Version Repository Size ============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================ Installing: docker x86_64 2:1.12.6-28.git1398f24.el7.centos extras 14 M Updating: selinux-policy-targeted noarch 3.13.1-102.el7_3.16 updates 6.4 M systemd x86_64 219-30.el7_3.9 updates 5.2 M Installing for dependencies: container-selinux noarch 2:2.12-2.gite7096ce.el7 extras 28 k docker-client x86_64 2:1.12.6-28.git1398f24.el7.centos extras 3.2 M docker-common x86_64 2:1.12.6-28.git1398f24.el7.centos extras 75 k oci-register-machine x86_64 1:0-3.11.gitdd0daef.el7 extras 1.0 M oci-systemd-hook x86_64 1:0.1.7-2.git2788078.el7 extras 30 k skopeo-containers x86_64 1:0.1.19-1.el7 extras 7.7 k Updating for dependencies: libgudev1 x86_64 219-30.el7_3.9 updates 77 k libselinux x86_64 2.5-6.el7 base 161 k libselinux-python x86_64 2.5-6.el7 base 234 k libselinux-utils x86_64 2.5-6.el7 base 151 k libsemanage x86_64 2.5-5.1.el7_3 updates 144 k libsemanage-python x86_64 2.5-5.1.el7_3 updates 104 k libsepol x86_64 2.5-6.el7 base 288 k policycoreutils x86_64 2.5-11.el7_3 updates 841 k policycoreutils-python x86_64 2.5-11.el7_3 updates 445 k selinux-policy noarch 3.13.1-102.el7_3.16 updates 414 k setools-libs x86_64 3.3.8-1.1.el7 base 612 k systemd-libs x86_64 219-30.el7_3.9 updates 369 k systemd-python x86_64 219-30.el7_3.9 updates 110 k systemd-sysv x86_64 219-30.el7_3.9 updates 64 k Transaction Summary ============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================ Install 1 Package (+ 6 Dependent packages) Upgrade 2 Packages (+14 Dependent packages) Total size: 34 M Total download size: 19 M Downloading packages: (1/7): container-selinux-2.12-2.gite7096ce.el7.noarch.rpm | 28 kB 00:00:00 (2/7): docker-common-1.12.6-28.git1398f24.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm | 75 kB 00:00:00 (3/7): skopeo-containers-0.1.19-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 7.7 kB 00:00:00 (4/7): oci-systemd-hook-0.1.7-2.git2788078.el7.x86_64.rpm | 30 kB 00:00:00 (5/7): oci-register-machine-0-3.11.gitdd0daef.el7.x86_64.rpm | 1.0 MB 00:00:01 (6/7): docker-1.12.6-28.git1398f24.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm | 14 MB 00:00:01 (7/7): docker-client-1.12.6-28.git1398f24.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm | 3.2 MB 00:00:02 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 7.8 MB/s | 19 MB 00:00:02 Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Updating : libsepol-2.5-6.el7.x86_64 1/39 Updating : libselinux-2.5-6.el7.x86_64 2/39 Updating : systemd-libs-219-30.el7_3.9.x86_64 3/39 Updating : systemd-219-30.el7_3.9.x86_64 4/39 Updating : libsemanage-2.5-5.1.el7_3.x86_64 5/39 Updating : libselinux-utils-2.5-6.el7.x86_64 6/39 Updating : policycoreutils-2.5-11.el7_3.x86_64 7/39 Updating : selinux-policy-3.13.1-102.el7_3.16.noarch 8/39 Installing : 2:docker-common-1.12.6-28.git1398f24.el7.centos.x86_64 9/39 Installing : 2:docker-client-1.12.6-28.git1398f24.el7.centos.x86_64 10/39 Updating : selinux-policy-targeted-3.13.1-102.el7_3.16.noarch 11/39 Updating : libsemanage-python-2.5-5.1.el7_3.x86_64 12/39 Installing : 1:oci-register-machine-0-3.11.gitdd0daef.el7.x86_64 13/39 Updating : libselinux-python-2.5-6.el7.x86_64 14/39 Installing : 1:oci-systemd-hook-0.1.7-2.git2788078.el7.x86_64 15/39 Updating : setools-libs-3.3.8-1.1.el7.x86_64 16/39 Updating : policycoreutils-python-2.5-11.el7_3.x86_64 17/39 Installing : 2:container-selinux-2.12-2.gite7096ce.el7.noarch 18/39 Installing : 1:skopeo-containers-0.1.19-1.el7.x86_64 19/39 Stopping containers... Cannot connect to the Docker daemon. Is the docker daemon running on this host? "docker stop" requires at least 1 argument(s). See 'docker stop --help'. Usage: docker stop [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...] Stop one or more running containers Installing : 2:docker-1.12.6-28.git1398f24.el7.centos.x86_64 20/39 Updating : systemd-python-219-30.el7_3.9.x86_64 21/39 Updating : systemd-sysv-219-30.el7_3.9.x86_64 22/39 Updating : libgudev1-219-30.el7_3.9.x86_64 23/39 Cleanup : policycoreutils-python-2.2.5-20.el7.x86_64 24/39 Cleanup : selinux-policy-targeted-3.13.1-60.el7.noarch 25/39 Cleanup : systemd-python-219-19.el7.x86_64 26/39 Cleanup : selinux-policy-3.13.1-60.el7.noarch 27/39 Cleanup : systemd-sysv-219-19.el7.x86_64 28/39 Cleanup : policycoreutils-2.2.5-20.el7.x86_64 29/39 Cleanup : systemd-219-19.el7.x86_64 30/39 Cleanup : setools-libs-3.3.7-46.el7.x86_64 31/39 Cleanup : libselinux-utils-2.2.2-6.el7.x86_64 32/39 Cleanup : libselinux-python-2.2.2-6.el7.x86_64 33/39 Cleanup : libsemanage-python-2.1.10-18.el7.x86_64 34/39 Cleanup : libsemanage-2.1.10-18.el7.x86_64 35/39 Cleanup : libgudev1-219-19.el7.x86_64 36/39 Cleanup : systemd-libs-219-19.el7.x86_64 37/39 Cleanup : libselinux-2.2.2-6.el7.x86_64 38/39 Cleanup : libsepol-2.1.9-3.el7.x86_64 39/39 Verifying : libsepol-2.5-6.el7.x86_64 1/39 Verifying : libselinux-python-2.5-6.el7.x86_64 2/39 Verifying : 1:oci-register-machine-0-3.11.gitdd0daef.el7.x86_64 3/39 Verifying : policycoreutils-python-2.5-11.el7_3.x86_64 4/39 Verifying : libselinux-utils-2.5-6.el7.x86_64 5/39 Verifying : policycoreutils-2.5-11.el7_3.x86_64 6/39 Verifying : 2:docker-1.12.6-28.git1398f24.el7.centos.x86_64 7/39 Verifying : libgudev1-219-30.el7_3.9.x86_64 8/39 Verifying : systemd-219-30.el7_3.9.x86_64 9/39 Verifying : 2:docker-common-1.12.6-28.git1398f24.el7.centos.x86_64 10/39 Verifying : selinux-policy-3.13.1-102.el7_3.16.noarch 11/39 Verifying : selinux-policy-targeted-3.13.1-102.el7_3.16.noarch 12/39 Verifying : libsemanage-2.5-5.1.el7_3.x86_64 13/39 Verifying : systemd-python-219-30.el7_3.9.x86_64 14/39 Verifying : 2:container-selinux-2.12-2.gite7096ce.el7.noarch 15/39 Verifying : 1:skopeo-containers-0.1.19-1.el7.x86_64 16/39 Verifying : libselinux-2.5-6.el7.x86_64 17/39 Verifying : systemd-sysv-219-30.el7_3.9.x86_64 18/39 Verifying : 1:oci-systemd-hook-0.1.7-2.git2788078.el7.x86_64 19/39 Verifying : libsemanage-python-2.5-5.1.el7_3.x86_64 20/39 Verifying : 2:docker-client-1.12.6-28.git1398f24.el7.centos.x86_64 21/39 Verifying : systemd-libs-219-30.el7_3.9.x86_64 22/39 Verifying : setools-libs-3.3.8-1.1.el7.x86_64 23/39 Verifying : systemd-python-219-19.el7.x86_64 24/39 Verifying : libsemanage-python-2.1.10-18.el7.x86_64 25/39 Verifying : setools-libs-3.3.7-46.el7.x86_64 26/39 Verifying : libsemanage-2.1.10-18.el7.x86_64 27/39 Verifying : systemd-sysv-219-19.el7.x86_64 28/39 Verifying : libgudev1-219-19.el7.x86_64 29/39 Verifying : systemd-219-19.el7.x86_64 30/39 Verifying : selinux-policy-3.13.1-60.el7.noarch 31/39 Verifying : systemd-libs-219-19.el7.x86_64 32/39 Verifying : libselinux-utils-2.2.2-6.el7.x86_64 33/39 Verifying : selinux-policy-targeted-3.13.1-60.el7.noarch 34/39 Verifying : libsepol-2.1.9-3.el7.x86_64 35/39 Verifying : libselinux-python-2.2.2-6.el7.x86_64 36/39 Verifying : policycoreutils-2.2.5-20.el7.x86_64 37/39 Verifying : libselinux-2.2.2-6.el7.x86_64 38/39 Verifying : policycoreutils-python-2.2.5-20.el7.x86_64 39/39 Installed: docker.x86_64 2:1.12.6-28.git1398f24.el7.centos Dependency Installed: container-selinux.noarch 2:2.12-2.gite7096ce.el7 docker-client.x86_64 2:1.12.6-28.git1398f24.el7.centos docker-common.x86_64 2:1.12.6-28.git1398f24.el7.centos oci-register-machine.x86_64 1:0-3.11.gitdd0daef.el7 oci-systemd-hook.x86_64 1:0.1.7-2.git2788078.el7 skopeo-containers.x86_64 1:0.1.19-1.el7 Updated: selinux-policy-targeted.noarch 0:3.13.1-102.el7_3.16 systemd.x86_64 0:219-30.el7_3.9 Dependency Updated: libgudev1.x86_64 0:219-30.el7_3.9 libselinux.x86_64 0:2.5-6.el7 libselinux-python.x86_64 0:2.5-6.el7 libselinux-utils.x86_64 0:2.5-6.el7 libsemanage.x86_64 0:2.5-5.1.el7_3 libsemanage-python.x86_64 0:2.5-5.1.el7_3 libsepol.x86_64 0:2.5-6.el7 policycoreutils.x86_64 0:2.5-11.el7_3 policycoreutils-python.x86_64 0:2.5-11.el7_3 selinux-policy.noarch 0:3.13.1-102.el7_3.16 setools-libs.x86_64 0:3.3.8-1.1.el7 systemd-libs.x86_64 0:219-30.el7_3.9 systemd-python.x86_64 0:219-30.el7_3.9 systemd-sysv.x86_64 0:219-30.el7_3.9 Complete! [root@localhost ~]# 

2.启动docker

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 service docker start 

 [root@localhost ~]# service docker start Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start docker.service [root@localhost ~]# ps -ef|grep docker root 29129 1 0 11:25 ? 00:00:00 /usr/bin/dockerd-current --add-runtime docker-runc=/usr/libexec/docker/docker-runc-current --default-runtime=docker-runc --exec-opt native.cgroupdriver=systemd --userland-proxy-path=/usr/libexec/docker/docker-proxy-current --selinux-enabled --log-driver=journald --signature-verification=false root 29146 29129 0 11:25 ? 00:00:00 /usr/bin/docker-containerd-current -l unix:///var/run/docker/libcontainerd/docker-containerd.sock --shim docker-containerd-shim --metrics-interval=0 --start-timeout 2m --state-dir /var/run/docker/libcontainerd/containerd --runtime docker-runc --runtime-args --systemd-cgroup=true root 29395 9865 0 11:27 pts/2 00:00:00 grep --color=auto docker [root@localhost ~]# 

3.加入开机启动

chkconfig docker on

从docker.io中下载centos镜像到本地 /var/lib/docker/graph

 [root@localhost ~]# chkconfig docker on  Note: Forwarding request to 'systemctl enable docker.service'. Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service. [root@localhost ~]# 

4.查看已下载的镜像

 docker images 

 [root@localhost ~]# docker images  REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE [root@localhost ~]# 

5.启动一个容器

 docker run -i -t centos /bin/bash 

 [root@localhost ~]# docker run -i -t centos /bin/bash  Unable to find image 'centos:latest' locally Trying to pull repository docker.io/library/centos ... latest: Pulling from docker.io/library/centos d5e46245fe40: Downloading [==> ] 3.244 MB/70.49 MB ^C [root@localhost ~]# 

6.查看所有容器

 docker ps -a 

 [root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES [root@localhost ~]# 

7.开启一个容器

 docker start container 

8.查看容器的root用户密码

 docker logs <容器ID或者容器名> 2>&1 | grep '^User:' | tail -n1 

9.查看容器日志

 docker logs -s <容器ID或者容器名> 

10.删除单个容器docker容器

 docker rm loving_ride 

11.删除所有容器

 docker rm $(docker ps -a -q) 

12.停止容docker stop 容器

 docker start 

13.运行一个新容器，同时为它命名、端口映射、文件夹映射。以redmine镜像为例

 docker run --name redmine -p 9003:80 -p 9023:22 -d -v /var/redmine/files:/redmine/files -v/var/redmine/mysql:/var/lib/mysql sameersbn/redmine 

14. 一个容器连接到另一个容器&sonar容器连接到mmysql容器，并将mmysql容器重命名为db。这样，sonar容器就可以使用db的相关的环境变量了。

 run -i -t --name sonar -d -link mmysql:dbtpires/sonar-server 

15. 当需要把一台机器上的镜像迁移到另一台机器的时候，需要保存镜像与加载镜像

 docker save > /home/aa.tar 

16.拷贝文件到另一机器

 scp -r /home/aa.tar root@192.168.1.65:/home/aa.tar 

17.加载打包好的镜像

 docker load < /home/aa.tar 

18.构建自己的镜像

 docker build -t <镜像名> <镜像文件路径>

eg：docker build -t aa /home/aa.tar