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【Linux】Linux服务器（centos7）环境搭建java/python3/nginx

日期：2018-08-28点击：503收藏

1. 用的服务器是阿里云服务器，系统是CentOS7，远程连接工具是 Xshell 和 Xftp

2. 搭建java环境，我用的是jdk1.8

需要 jdk-8u181-linux-x64.tar.gz，在自己电脑上下载，然后用Xftp传到服务器上,保存在usr/local文件夹下，解压。我试过用wget下载，不知道为什么解压的时候提示文件损坏。

cd usr/local tar -zxvf jdk-8u181-linux-x64.tar.gz

添加环境变量

vim /etc/profile

在文件末尾添加，然后保存，退出文件编辑

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_181 export JRE_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_181/jre export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JRE_HOME/lib:$CLASSPATH export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin:$PATH

让新加的环境变量生效，然后检查java安装是否成功。

[root@iZwz94jyld0skyrwc1772eZ local]# source /etc/profile [root@iZwz94jyld0skyrwc1772eZ local]# java -version java version "1.8.0_181"

3. 安装python3

下载python3.7.0、解压、安装，需要一点时间

cd /usr/local wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.0/Python-3.7.0.tar.xz tar -xvJf Python-3.7.0.tar.xz cd Python-3.7.0 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3 make && make install

发现执行完后有个问题

zipimport.ZipImportError: can't decompress data; zlib not available make: *** [install] Error 1

百度了一下缺少zlib依赖包，安装一下

yum -y install zlib*

然后回到python3目录下，重新安装

cd /usr/local/Python-3.7.0 make && make install

又发现另外一个错误

ModuleNotFoundError: No module named '_ctypes' make: *** [install] Error 1

安装libffi-devel，再回到python3安装目录下重新安装, 终于OJBK

yum -y install libffi-devel cd /usr/local/Python-3.7.0 make && make install

创建软连接

ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3 ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3

检查是否安装成功

[root@iZwz94jyld0skyrwc1772eZ Python-3.7.0]# python3 -V Python 3.7.0 [root@iZwz94jyld0skyrwc1772eZ Python-3.7.0]# python3 Python 3.7.0 (default, Aug 29 2018, 19:16:43) [GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-16)] on linux Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> ^Z [2]+ Stopped python3 [root@iZwz94jyld0skyrwc1772eZ Python-3.7.0]# [root@iZwz94jyld0skyrwc1772eZ Python-3.7.0]# python Python 2.7.5 (default, Aug 4 2017, 00:39:18) [GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-16)] on linux2 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> [3]+ Stopped python [root@iZwz94jyld0skyrwc1772eZ Python-3.7.0]# pip3 install numpy Looking in indexes: http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/ Collecting numpy Downloading http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/packages/1a/2e/4e298c92b1fced64a4414ada9af3253a91083b92b131c2b10c057c507982/numpy-1.15.1-cp37-cp37m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl (13.8MB) 100% |████████████████████████████████| 13.9MB 5.1MB/s Installing collected packages: numpy Successfully installed numpy-1.15.1 You are using pip version 10.0.1, however version 18.0 is available. You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command.

升级pip3并检查

[root@iZwz94jyld0skyrwc1772eZ Python-3.7.0]# pip3 install --upgrade pip Looking in indexes: http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/ Collecting pip Downloading http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/packages/5f/25/e52d3f31441505a5f3af41213346e5b6c221c9e086a166f3703d2ddaf940/pip-18.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.3MB) 100% |████████████████████████████████| 1.3MB 55.1MB/s Installing collected packages: pip Found existing installation: pip 10.0.1 Uninstalling pip-10.0.1: Successfully uninstalled pip-10.0.1 Successfully installed pip-18.0 [root@iZwz94jyld0skyrwc1772eZ Python-3.7.0]# pip3 -V pip 18.0 from /usr/local/python3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip (python 3.7) [root@iZwz94jyld0skyrwc1772eZ Python-3.7.0]#

5. 删除java和python3的安装包

[root@iZwz94jyld0skyrwc1772eZ local]# rm jdk-8u181-linux-x64.tar.gz rm: remove regular file ‘jdk-8u181-linux-x64.tar.gz’? yes [root@iZwz94jyld0skyrwc1772eZ local]# rm Python-3.7.0.tar.xz rm: remove regular file ‘Python-3.7.0.tar.xz’? yes

6. 安装nginx

看nginx官网安装导航：http://nginx.org/en/linux_packages.html#stable

需要先创建一个/etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo文件

touch /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo vim /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo

在vim编辑界面把下面这几行加进去（xshell可以直接复制粘贴），保存。

要注意的是

 baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/$basearch/
 这一行要把 centos 和 7 改成自己的操作系统和版本

[nginx] name=nginx repo baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/$basearch/ gpgcheck=0 enabled=1

然后

wget http://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key sudo rpm --import nginx_signing.key yum update cd /usr/local yum install nginx

启动nginx, 并查看是否有这个进程

[root@iZwz94jyld0skyrwc1772eZ local]# nginx [root@iZwz94jyld0skyrwc1772eZ local]# ps -ef|grep nginx root 17442 1 0 20:19 ? 00:00:00 nginx: master process nginx nginx 17443 17442 0 20:19 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process root 17456 1105 0 20:20 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx