下面是我打造的71TB的Linux ZFS存储系统，目前稳定运行快两年了。所以下面我将分享我的配置过程。
![wpsAC51.tmp]( "wpsAC51.tmp")
目的：
这个存储主要用于存储视频资料等。
存储配置：
![wpsAC61.tmp]( "wpsAC61.tmp")
图片：
![wpsAC62.tmp]( "wpsAC62.tmp")
![wpsAC63.tmp]( "wpsAC63.tmp")
![wpsAC64.tmp]( "wpsAC64.tmp")
CPU：
英特尔至强E3-1230 V2不是最新一代，而是您可以购买的最便宜的至强系列之一，而且它支持ECC内存。
内存：
采用16 GB ECC RAM。
主板：
该服务器是围绕打造超微X95SCM-F主板。这是一个服务器级主板，并附带了您可能期望的功能，如ECC内存支持和IPMI管理等。
![wpsAC65.tmp]( "wpsAC65.tmp")
机箱：
![wpsAC66.tmp]( "wpsAC66.tmp")
机箱有六排四个硬盘托架，硬盘托架后面的风扇墙中有三个120mm风扇保持冷却。在外壳的后部有两个“强大的”80mm风扇，与PSU一起去除外壳的热量。机箱有六个SAS背板，每个连接四个硬盘。背板有两个molex电源连接器，因此您可以将冗余电源插入机箱。冗余电源更昂贵，并且由于它们的尺寸，通常具有更小的，因此噪声更大的风扇。由于这是一个家庭建设，我选择只是一个普通的PSU。
机箱左侧有一个位置，用于将单个3.5英寸或两个2.5英寸硬盘作为引导硬盘且并排安装。我使用的是两个SSD并配置RAID1。
此特定机箱版本支持SPGIO，这有助于识别哪个硬盘发生故障。我使用的IBM 1015卡支持SGPIO。通过LSI megaaid CLI我已经验证了SGPIO工作，因为你可以使用这个工具作为驱动器定位器。我不完全确定SGPIO如何与ZFS工作。
电源：
这是一个模组化的电源，功率达到了850W以上，完全满足这么多硬盘的功率需求。在这么多硬盘同时启动的情况下，功率大约600+，所有它是足够使用的。
![wpsAC67.tmp]( "wpsAC67.tmp")
硬盘管理：
对于硬盘的管理，我写了一个硬盘管理程序。他的原理比较简单，就是通过调用megacli管理命令，然后进行检测当前控制器数量，磁盘的WWN号、获取硬盘ID号等等。
#!/usr/bin/python
import sys
import subprocess
import re
portspercontroller = 8
datatype = sys.argv[1]
def number_of_controllers():
rawdata = subprocess.Popen(['/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/megacli', '-cfgdsply',
'-aALL'], stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
stderr=subprocess.PIPE).communicate()[0]
regex = re.compile('Adapter:.*')
match = regex.findall(rawdata)
return len(match)
def get_drive_wwn(controller, port):
rawdata = subprocess.Popen(['/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/megacli', '-pdinfo',
'-physdrv', '[64:' + str(port) + ']',
'-a' + str(controller)], stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
stderr=subprocess.PIPE).communicate()
regex = re.compile('WWN: (.*)')
match = regex.search(rawdata[0])
try:
return match.group(1)
except(AttributeError):
return ""
def get_all_disk_by_id():
disk_by_id_data = subprocess.Popen(['ls', '-alh', '/dev/disk/by-id'],
stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
stderr=subprocess.PIPE).communicate()[0]
return disk_by_id_data
def convert_wwn_to_drivename(wwn, diskbyid):
regex = re.compile(wwn + '(.*)')
match = regex.search(diskbyid)
try:
return match.group(1).split("/")[2]
except(AttributeError):
return ""
except(IndexError):
return ""
def get_drive_temp(controller, port):
rawdata = subprocess.Popen(['/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/megacli', '-pdinfo',
'-physdrv', '[64:' + str(port) + ']',
'-a' + str(controller)], stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
stderr=subprocess.PIPE).communicate()[0]
regex = re.compile('Drive Temperature :(.*)')
match = regex.search(rawdata)
try:
temp = match.group(1).split("C")[0]
#
# Ugly hack: issue with some old WD drives
# Controller reports 65C for them.
#
if int(temp) >= 60:
temp = "?"
return temp
except(AttributeError):
return ""
except(IndexError):
return ""
def get_drive_name(controller, port):
wwn = get_drive_wwn(controller, port)
diskbyid = get_all_disk_by_id()
drivename = convert_wwn_to_drivename(wwn, diskbyid)
return drivename
def get_drive_info(controller, port, datatype):
if datatype == "disk":
return get_drive_name(controller, port)
if datatype == "temp":
return get_drive_temp(controller, port)
if datatype == "wwn":
return get_drive_wwn(controller, port)
def fetch_data(datatype):
drivearray =\
[[0 for x in xrange(portspercontroller)]
for x in xrange(controllercount)]
for x in xrange(controllercount):
for y in xrange(portspercontroller):
disk = get_drive_info(x, y, datatype)
if len(disk) == 0:
disk = ""
drivearray[x][y] = disk
#temp = get_drive_temp(x,y)
#print str(x) + " " + str(y) + "Temp: " + str(temp)
return drivearray
def get_largest_width(array):
width = 0
for controller in array:
for port in controller:
size = len(port)
if size >
width = size
return width
def print_controller(controller, array):
width = str(get_largest_width(array))
c = array[controller]
top = [c[3], c[2], c[1], c[0]]
bottom = [c[7], c[6], c[5], c[4]]
print "| {:^{width}} | {:^{width}} | {:^{width}} | {:^{width}} |".format(
*top, width=width)
print "| {:^{width}} | {:^{width}} | {:^{width}} | {:^{width}} |".format(
*bottom, width=width)
if __name__ == "__main__":
controllercount = number_of_controllers()
data = fetch_data(datatype)
print
for x in reversed(xrange(controllercount)):
print_controller(x, data)
print
该数据基于我的IBM 1015控制器的LSI'megacli'工具的输出。
root@storage:~# lsidrivemap disk
| sdr | sds | sdt | sdq |
| sdu | sdv | sdx | sdw |
| sdi | sdl | sdp | sdm |
| sdj | sdk | sdn | sdo |
| sdb | sdc | sde | sdf |
| sda | sdd | sdh | sdg |
这个布局是针对我的机箱的，但是如果你感兴趣Python脚本可以很容易地为您自己的服务器量身定制。
硬盘温度：
它还可以在同一个表中显示硬盘温度：
root@storage:~# lsidrivemap temp
| 36 | 39 | 40 | 38 |
| 36 | 36 | 37 | 36 |
| 35 | 38 | 36 | 36 |
| 35 | 37 | 36 | 35 |
| 35 | 36 | 36 | 35 |
| 34 | 35 | 36 | 35 |
这里我们会看到顶部硬盘的温度要比底部的硬盘温度高。原因是三个120mm风扇不在风扇墙的中心。它们倾斜到墙壁的底部，因此底部硬盘的温度会更底一点。
获取WWN号
root@storage:~# lsidrivemap wwn
| 5000cca23dc53843 | 5000cca23dc52fea | 5000cca23dc31656 | 5000cca23dc01655 |
| 5000cca23dc459ee | 5000cca22bf0f4c3 | 5000cca22bef486a | 5000cca23dc51764 |
| 5000cca23dc186cf | 5000cca23dc02062 | 5000cca23dda5a33 | 5000cca23dd398fa |
| 5000cca23dd56dfb | 5000cca23dd3a8cd | 5000cca23dd9b7df | 5000cca23dda6ae9 |
| 5000cca23dd04ded | 5000cca23dd54779 | 5000cca23dd59e65 | 5000cca23dd59b65 |
| 5000cca23dd45619 | 5000cca23dd57131 | 5000cca23dd329ba | 5000cca23dd4f9d6 |
文件系统（ZFS）：
我使用ZFS作为存储阵列的文件系统。因为没有其他文件系统具有与ZFS相同的功能和稳定性。
ZFS的第一个设计目标是确保数据完整性。ZFS校验所有数据，如果使用RAIDZ或镜像，它甚至可以修复数据。即使它不能修复文件，它可以至少告诉你哪些文件已损坏。
ZFS不主要关注性能，但为了获得最佳性能，它大量使用RAM来缓存读取和写入。这就是为什么ECC内存如此重要。
ZFS还实现了RAID。所以没有必要使用MDADM（软RAID管理命令mdadm）。我以前的文件服务器运行一个RAID 6的20 x 1TB驱动器。使用这个新系统，我创建了一个具有两个RAIDZ2VDEV的单池。
磁盘容量：
我使用的是4TB的硬盘，但实际只有3.64TB（因为计算方式的原因）。系统总的原始容量是86TB，我已将24个硬盘放在了RAIDZ3 VDEV中，所有实际可用容量为74TB。
我现在的配置是2个盘的RAID1用于系统盘，一个18个磁盘的RAIDZ2 VDEV（2^4+2），一个6个磁盘的RAIDZ2 VDEV（2 ^ 2 + 2），共24个驱动器。
通常不推荐在单个池中使用不同的VDEV大小，但ZFS非常智能和酷：它根据VDEV的大小负载平衡VDEV中的数据。我可以通过zpool iostat -v 5进行实时验证。与大型VDEV相比，小型VDEV只有一小部分数据。
这个选择让我的容量更少的RAIDZ3，并且使用十八磁盘RAIDZ2 VDEV有更大的风险。关于后一种风险，我在过去6年里一直在运行一个二十磁盘MDADM RAID6，没有看到任何问题。
这简单说有下关于ZFS的存储池。
Stripe: 与 RAID 0 类似，传说中的带条，需要至少一块硬盘。
Mirror: 与 RAID 1 类似，磁盘镜像，需要至少两块硬盘。
RAIDZ1: 与 RAID 5 类似，一重奇偶校验，需要至少三块硬盘。
RAIDZ2: 与 RAID 6 类似，双重奇偶校验，需要至少四块硬盘。
RAIDZ3: 三重奇偶校验，独门秘籍，需要至少五块硬盘。
log device (ZIL): 高速写缓存设备，需要至少一个专用的存储设备，推荐使用 SSD 固态硬盘。
cache device (L2ARC): 高速读缓存设备，需要至少一个专用的存储设备，推荐使用 SSD 固态硬盘。
除去 log device (ZIL) 和 cache device (L2ARC) 这两种专用高速缓存设备不谈，在这里列举一下其余类型的性能和可靠性对比。
性能对比
Stripe > Mirror
Stripe > RAIDZ1 > RAIDZ2 > RAIDZ3
数据可靠性
Mirror > Stripe
RAIDZ3 > RAIDZ2 > RAIDZ1 > Stripe
我计划使用RAIDZ3和使用ashift = 9（512字节扇区），为什么我要使用RAIDZ3了，因为旧硬盘的性能已经下降，在数据恢复的过程中，时间需要更长，而且故障的可能性也更大，为了保证数据的安全，我使用了RAIDZ3。
存储控制器：
IBM 1015 HBA的价格合理，购买三个，通常比购买一个带有SAS扩展器的HBA便宜。我没有像大多数人那样将控制器闪存为“IT mode”。
存储性能：
让我们从24个驱动器RAID 0开始。我使用的硬盘具有160 MB / s的持续读/写速度，因此应该可以达到3840 MB / s或3.8 GB / s的速度。
这是所有24个驱动器的RAID 0（MDADM）的性能。
root@storage:/storage# dd if=/dev/zero of=test.bin bs=1M count=1000000
1048576000000 bytes (1.0 TB) copied, 397.325 s, 2.6 GB/s
root@storage:/storage# dd if=test.bin of=/dev/null bs=1M
1048576000000 bytes (1.0 TB) copied, 276.869 s, 3.8 GB/s
这台机器将被用作一台文件服务器，需要配置冗余会更安全一些。那么如果我们在所有驱动器的以RAID6为运行相同的基准测试，会发生什么？
root@storage:/storage# dd if=/dev/zero of=test.bin bs=1M count=100000
104857600000 bytes (105 GB) copied, 66.3935 s, 1.6 GB/s
root@storage:/storage# dd if=test.bin of=/dev/null bs=1M
104857600000 bytes (105 GB) copied, 38.256 s, 2.7 GB/s
我对这些结果非常满意，特别是对于RAID6。然而，具有24个驱动器的RAID6感觉有点冒险。由于在MDADM / Linux中不支持3个奇偶校验磁盘RAID，因此我使用ZFS。
我决定牺牲性能，如我前面提到的，在4K扇区驱动器上使用ashift = 9，因为我获得了大约5 TiB的存储交换。这是在具有ashift = 9的RAIDZ3 VDEV中的二十四个驱动器的性能。
root@storage:/storage# dd if=/dev/zero of=ashift9.bin bs=1M count=100000
104857600000 bytes (105 GB) copied, 97.4231 s, 1.1 GB/s
root@storage:/storage# dd if=ashift9.bin of=/dev/null bs=1M
104857600000 bytes (105 GB) copied, 42.3805 s, 2.5 GB/s
与其他结果相比，虽然不是太差，但是写性能有所下降。
这是18磁盘RAIDZ2 + 6磁盘的写性能RAIDZ2 zpool（ashift = 12）：
root@storage:/storage# dd if=/dev/zero of=test.bin bs=1M count=1000000
1048576000000 bytes (1.0 TB) copied, 543.072 s, 1.9 GB/s
root@storage:/storage# dd if=test.bin of=/dev/null bs=1M
1048576000000 bytes (1.0 TB) copied, 400.539 s, 2.6 GB/s
您可能会注意到，写入性能优于ashift = 9或ashift = 12 RAIDZ3 VDEV。
我没有测试随机I / O性能，因为它与这个系统不相关。使用ZFS，VDEV的随机I / O性能是单个驱动器的性能。
引导磁盘：
我使用了2个Crucial M500 120GB SSD，并在MDADM中配置为RAID1，并且使用Debian系统。
采用SSD的原因是我希望通过其它剩余可用空间来配置ZFS的缓存池，但发现这样子会很快将SSD损耗完，所有我后来没有使用这种方案。
联网：
也许我将在未来投资10Gbit以太网或Infiniband硬件，但现在我决定使用四端口千兆适配器。通过Linux Bonding我仍然可以得到450+ MB / s的数据传输速度，这足以满足我的需求。
我使用一个板载端口进行客户端访问。4个网口卡上的4个网口都在不同的VLAN中，不能为客户端设备访问。存储可通过NFS和SMB访问。
控制磁盘温度及安静
机箱设备齐全，可以通过三个120mm风扇和两个强大的80mm风扇保持驱动器冷却，所有风扇都支持PWM（脉冲宽度调制）。
问题是默认情况下BIOS以低速运行风扇。为使驱动器保持在合理的温度，我想保持最热的驱动器在大约四十摄氏度，但我又想保持噪音在合理的水平，避免太吵了，所以我写了一个python脚本称为storagefancontrol，可以通过温度自动调整风扇的转速。
#!/usr/bin/python
"""
This program controls the chassis fan speed through PWM based on the temperature
of the hottest hard drive in the chassis. It uses the IBM M1015 or LSI tool
'MegaCli' for reading hard drive temperatures.
"""
import os
import sys
import subprocess
import re
import time
import syslog
import multiprocessing as mp
import copy_reg
import types
import ConfigParser
def _reduce_method(meth):
"""
This is a hack to work around the fact that multiprocessing
can't operate on class methods by default.
"""
return (getattr, (meth.__self__, meth.__func__.__name__))
class PID:
"""
Discrete PID control
Source: http://code.activestate.com/recipes/577231-discrete-pid-controller/
This class calculates the appropriate fan speed based on the difference
between the current temperature and the desired (target) temperature.
"""
def __init__(self, P, I, D, Derivator, Integrator, \
Integrator_max, Integrator_min):
"""
Generic initialisation of local variables.
"""
self.Kp = P
self.Ki = I
self.Kd = D
self.Derivator = Derivator
self.Integrator = Integrator
self.Integrator_max = Integrator_max
self.Integrator_min = Integrator_min
self.set_point = 0.0
self.error = 0.0
def update(self, current_value):
"""
Calculate PID output value for given reference input and feedback
Current_value = set_point - measured value (difference)
"""
self.error = current_value - int(self.set_point)
self.P_value = self.Kp * self.error
self.D_value = self.Kd * ( self.error + self.Derivator)
self.Derivator = self.error
self.Integrator = self.Integrator + self.error
if self.Integrator > self.Integrator_max:
self.Integrator = self.Integrator_max
elif self.Integrator < self.Integrator_min:
self.Integrator = self.Integrator_min
self.I_value = self.Integrator * self.Ki
PID = self.P_value + self.I_value + self.D_value
return PID
def set_target_value(self, set_point):
"""
Initilize the setpoint of PID
"""
self.set_point = set_point
copy_reg.pickle(types.MethodType, _reduce_method)
class Smart:
"""
Uses SMART data from storage devices to determine the temperature
of the hottest drive.
"""
def __init__(self):
"""
Init.
"""
self.block_devices = ""
self.device_filter = "sd"
self.highest_temperature = 0
self.get_block_devices()
self.smart_workers = 24
def filter_block_devices(self, block_devices):
"""
Filter out devices like 'loop, ram'.
"""
devices = []
for device in block_devices:
if not device.find(self.device_filter):
devices.append(device)
return devices
def get_block_devices(self):
"""
Retrieve the list of block devices.
By default only lists /dev/sd* devices.
Configure the appropriate device filter with
setting <object>.device_filter to some other value.
"""
devicepath = "/sys/block"
block_devices = os.listdir(devicepath)
block_devices.sort()
self.block_devices = self.filter_block_devices(block_devices)
def get_smart_data(self, device):
"""
Call the smartctl command line utilily on a device to get the raw
smart data output.
"""
device = "/dev/" + device
try:
child = subprocess.Popen(['smartctl', '-a', '-d', 'ata', \
device], stdout=subprocess.PIPE, \
stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
except OSError:
print "Executing smartctl gave an error,"
print "is smartmontools installed?"
sys.exit(1)
rawdata = child.communicate()
if child.returncode:
child = subprocess.Popen(['smartctl', '-a', device],
stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
rawdata = child.communicate()
if child.returncode == 1:
return ""
smartdata = rawdata[0]
return smartdata
def get_parameter_from_smart(self, data, parameter, distance):
"""
Retreives the desired value from the raw smart data.
"""
regex = re.compile(parameter + '(.*)')
match = regex.search(data)
if match:
tmp = match.group(1)
length = len(tmp.split(" "))
if length <= distance:
distance = length-1
#
# SMART data is often a bit of a mess, so this
# hack is used to cope with this.
#
try:
model = match.group(1).split(" ")[distance].split(" ")[1]
except:
model = match.group(1).split(" ")[distance+1].split(" ")[1]
return str(model)
return 0
def get_temperature(self, device):
"""
Get the current temperature of a block device.
"""
smart_data = self.get_smart_data(device)
temperature = int(self.get_parameter_from_smart(smart_data, \
'Temperature_Celsius', 10))
return temperature
def get_highest_temperature(self):
"""
Get the highest temperature of all the block devices in the system.
Because retrieving SMART data is slow, multiprocessing is used
to collect SMART data in parallel from multiple devices.
"""
highest_temperature = 0
pool = mp.Pool(processes=int(self.smart_workers))
results = pool.map(self.get_temperature, self.block_devices)
pool.close()
for temperature in results:
if temperature > highest_temperature:
highest_temperature = temperature
self.highest_temperature = highest_temperature
return self.highest_temperature
class Controller:
"""
Reading temperature data from IBM / LSI controllers.
"""
def __init__(self):
self.megacli = "/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/megacli"
self.ports_per_controller = 8
self.highest_temperature = 0
def number_of_controllers(self):
"""
Get the number of LSI HBAs on the system.
In my case, I have 3 controllers with 8 drives each.
"""
rawdata = subprocess.Popen(\
[self.megacli,'-cfgdsply','-aALL'],\
stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE).communicate()[0]
regex = re.compile('Adapter:.*')
match = regex.findall(rawdata)
return len(match)
def get_drive_temp(self, controller, port):
"""
Get the temperature from an individual drive through the megacli
utility. The return value is a positive integer that specifies the
temperature in Celcius.
"""
rawdata = subprocess.Popen(\
[self.megacli, '-pdinfo', '-physdrv', '[64:' +\
str(port) +']', '-a' + str(controller)],\
stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE).communicate()[0]
regex = re.compile('Drive Temperature :(.*)')
match = regex.search(rawdata)
try:
temp = match.group(1).split("C")[0]
# Ugly hack: issue with some old WD drives
# Controller reports 65C for them.
if temp == "N/A":
temp = "?"
if int(temp) >= 60:
temp = "?"
return temp
except(AttributeError):
return ""
except(IndexError):
return ""
def fetch_data(self):
"""
Returns a two-dimentional list containing
the temperature of each drive. The first dimension is the
chassis. The second dimension is the drive.
"""
drivearray = \
[[0 for x in xrange(self.ports_per_controller)]\
for x in xrange(self.number_of_controllers())]
for controller in xrange(self.number_of_controllers()):
for port in xrange(self.ports_per_controller):
disk = self.get_drive_temp(controller, port)
if len(disk) == 0:
disk = ""
drivearray[controller][port] = disk
return drivearray
def get_highest_temperature(self):
"""
Walks through the list of all the drives and compares
all drive temperatures. The highest drive temperature
is returned as an integer, representing degrees of Celcius.
"""
data = self.fetch_data()
temperature = 0
for controller in data:
for disk in controller:
if disk > temperature:
temperature = disk
self.highest_temperature = int(temperature)
return self.highest_temperature
class FanControl:
"""
The chassis object provides you with the option:
1. Get the temperature of the hottest hard drive
2. Get the current fan speed
3. Set the fan speed
"""
def __init__(self):
"""
Generic init method.
"""
self.polling_interval = 30
self.pwm_max = 255
self.pwm_min = 100
self.pwm_safety = 160
self.fan_speed = 50
self.fan_control_enable = ""
self.fan_control_device = ""
self.debug = False
def get_pwm(self):
"""
Return the current PWM speed setting.
"""
PWM=""
for device in self.fan_control_device:
filename = device
filehandle = open(filename, 'r')
pwm_value = int(filehandle.read().strip())
filehandle.close()
PWM = PWM + " " + str(pwm_value)
return PWM
def set_pwm(self, value):
"""
Sets the fan speed. Only allows values between
pwm_min and pwm_max. Values outside these ranges
are set to either pwm_min or pwm_max as a safety
precaution.
"""
self.enable_fan_control()
for device in self.fan_control_device:
filename = device
pwm_max = self.pwm_max
pwm_min = self.pwm_min
value = pwm_max if value > pwm_max else value
value = pwm_min if value < pwm_min else value
filehandle = open(filename, 'w')
filehandle.write(str(value))
filehandle.close()
def set_fan_speed(self, percent):
"""
Set fan speed based on a percentage of full speed.
Values are thus 1-100 instead of raw 1-255
"""
self.fan_speed = percent
one_percent = float(self.pwm_max) / 100
pwm = percent * one_percent
self.set_pwm(int(pwm))
def enable_fan_control(self):
"""
Tries to enable manual fan speed control."
"""
for device in self.fan_control_device:
filename = device
filehandle = open(filename, 'w')
try:
filehandle.write('1')
filehandle.close()
except IOError:
message = "Error enabling fan control. Sufficient privileges?"
print message
sys.exit(1)
def is_debug_enabled():
"""
Set debug if enabled.
"""
try:
debug = os.environ['DEBUG']
if debug == "True":
return True
else:
return False
except (KeyError):
return False
def log(temperature, chassis, pid):
"""
Logging to syslog and terminal (export DEBUG=True).
"""
P = str(pid.P_value)
I = str(pid.I_value)
D = str(pid.D_value)
E = str(pid.error)
TMP = str(temperature)
PWM = str(chassis.get_pwm())
PCT = str(chassis.fan_speed)
all_vars = [TMP, PCT, PWM, P, I, D, E]
formatstring = "Temp: {:2} | FAN: {:2}% | PWM: {:3} | P={:3} | I={:3} | "\
"D={:3} | Err={:3}|"
msg = formatstring.format(*all_vars)
syslog.openlog("SFC")
syslog.syslog(msg)
if is_debug_enabled():
print msg
def read_config():
""" Main"""
config_file = "/etc/storagefancontrol"
conf = ConfigParser.SafeConfigParser()
conf.read(config_file)
return conf
def get_pid_settings(config):
""" Get PID settings """
P = config.getint("Pid", "P")
I = config.getint("Pid", "I")
D = config.getint("Pid", "D")
D_amplification = config.getint("Pid", "D_amplification")
I_start = config.getint("Pid", "I_start")
I_max = config.getint("Pid", "I_max")
I_min = config.getint("Pid", "I_min")
pid = PID(P, I, D, D_amplification, I_start, I_max, I_min)
target_temperature = config.getint("General", "target_temperature")
pid.set_target_value(target_temperature)
return pid
def get_temp_source(config):
""" Configure temperature source."""
mode = config.get("General", "mode")
if mode == "smart":
temp_source = Smart()
temp_source.device_filter = config.get("Smart", "device_filter")
temp_source.smart_workers = config.getint("Smart", "smart_workers")
return temp_source
if mode == "controller":
temp_source = Controller()
temp_source.megacli = config.get("Controller", "megacli")
temp_source.ports_per_controller = config.getint("Controller", \
"ports_per_controller")
return temp_source
print "Mode not set, check config."
sys.exit(1)
def get_chassis_settings(config):
""" Initialise chassis fan settings. """
chassis = FanControl()
chassis.pwm_min = config.getint("Chassis", "pwm_min")
chassis.pwm_max = config.getint("Chassis", "pwm_max")
chassis.pwm_safety = config.getint("Chassis", "pwm_safety")
chassis.fan_control_enable = config.get( "Chassis", "fan_control_enable")
chassis.fan_control_enable = chassis.fan_control_enable.split(",")
chassis.fan_control_device = config.get("Chassis", "fan_control_device")
chassis.fan_control_device = chassis.fan_control_device.split(",")
return chassis
def main():
"""
Main function. Contains variables that can be tweaked to your needs.
Please look at the class object to see which attributes you can set.
The pid values are tuned to my particular system and may require
ajustment for your system(s).
"""
config = read_config()
polling_interval = config.getfloat("General", "polling_interval")
chassis = get_chassis_settings(config)
pid = get_pid_settings(config)
temp_source = get_temp_source(config)
try:
while True:
highest_temperature = temp_source.get_highest_temperature()
fan_speed = pid.update(highest_temperature)
chassis.set_fan_speed(fan_speed)
log(highest_temperature, chassis, pid)
time.sleep(polling_interval)
except (KeyboardInterrupt, SystemExit):
chassis.set_pwm(chassis.pwm_safety)
sys.exit(1)
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
其实这个脚本比较简单，就是通过获取当前的所有磁盘的温度（获取方法可以采用SMART或Megacli进行获取），然后控制机箱的风扇转速。
温度获取记录：
Temp: 40 | FAN: 51% | PWM: 130 | P=0 | I=51 | D=0 | Err=0 |
Temp: 40 | FAN: 51% | PWM: 130 | P=0 | I=51 | D=0 | Err=0 |
Temp: 40 | FAN: 51% | PWM: 130 | P=0 | I=51 | D=0 | Err=0 |
Temp: 40 | FAN: 51% | PWM: 130 | P=0 | I=51 | D=0 | Err=0 |
Temp: 39 | FAN: 43% | PWM: 109 | P=-2 | I=50 | D=-5 | Err=-1 |
Temp: 39 | FAN: 47% | PWM: 119 | P=-2 | I=49 | D=0 | Err=-1 |
Temp: 40 | FAN: 54% | PWM: 137 | P=0 | I=49 | D=5 | Err=0 |
Temp: 40 | FAN: 49% | PWM: 124 | P=0 | I=49 | D=0 | Err=0 |
Temp: 40 | FAN: 49% | PWM: 124 | P=0 | I=49 | D=0 | Err=0 |
Temp: 40 | FAN: 49% | PWM: 124 | P=0 | I=49 | D=0 | Err=0 |
然后将这个脚本放在计划任务里面，每隔30秒或1分钟执行一次即可。
UPS：
我正在一个HP N40L微服务器作为我的防火墙/路由器。我将UPS APC Back-UPS RS 1200 LCD（720 W）通过USB连接到本机，我使用apcupsd来监视UPS，并在电量过低的情况下关闭服务器。
保持功耗合理：
下面是在不懂情况下的电池使用情况。
磁盘在旋转的时候：96W
磁盘在旋转但空闲的时候：176W
磁盘在写入的时候：253W
