基本环境: ubuntu 12.04 32位
一. 安装yarn伪分布式集群
1. 创建新用户
(1) 添加用户: sudo useradd -m hadoop -s /bin/bash
(2) 修改密码: sudo passwd hadoop
(3) 添加sudo权限: sudo adduser hadoop sudo
(4) 注销选择hadoop用户登录
2. 系统环境配置
(1) sudo apt-get update
(2) 安装vim: sudo apt-get install vim
(3) 安装ssh: sudo apt-get install openssh-server
(4) 设置ssh免登录
cd ~/.ssh
rm ./id_rsa*
ssh-keygen -t rsa (一路回车即可)
cat ./id_rsa.pub >> ./authorized_keys
3. 安装java环境
(1) 安装jre和jdk: sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jre openjdk-7-jdk
(2) 设置环境变量JAVA_HOME: dpkg -L openjdk-7-jdk | grep '/bin/javac'
该命令会输出一个路径，除去路径末尾的 “/bin/javac”
(3) vim ~/.bashrc
添加一行export JAVA_HOME=...
(4) source ~/.bashrc
(5) check java 版本: java -version
4. 安装hadoop2
(1) 从http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/hadoop/common/下载最新的稳定版本的hadoop，例如hadoop-2.7.3/hadoop-2.7.3.tar.gz
(2) 安装hadoop:
sudo tar -zxf hadoop-2.7.3.tar.gz -C /usr/local
cd /usr/local
sudo mv hadoop-2.7.3 hadoop
sudo chown -R hadoop hadoop
5. 配置hadoop
cd /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop进入hadoop配置目录，如果没有hadoop-env.sh或yarn-env.sh需要从后缀名为hadoop-env.sh.template复制一份
1). 在hadoop-env.sh中配置JAVA_HOME
2).在yarn-env.sh中配置JAVA_HOME
3). 修改core-site.xml
<configuration>
<property>
<name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
<value>file:/usr/local/hadoop/tmp</value>
<description>Abase for other temporary directories.</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>fs.defaultFS</name>
<value>hdfs://localhost:9000</value>
</property>
</configuration>
4). hdfs-site.xml
<configuration>
<property>
<name>dfs.replication</name>
<value>1</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
<value>file:/usr/local/hadoop/tmp/dfs/name</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>
<value>file:/usr/local/hadoop/tmp/dfs/data</value>
</property>
</configuration>
5). mapred-site.xml
<configuration>
<property>
<name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
<value>yarn</value>
</property>
</configuration>
6). yarn-site.xml
<configuration>
<property>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
<value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
</property>
</configuration>
6. 启动hadoop
(1) namenode格式化
./bin/hdfs namenode -format
(2) 修改~/.bashrc添加以下两行，并执行source ~/.bashrc
export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop
export HADOOP_COMMON_LIB_NATIVE_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/lib/native
(3) ./libexec/hadoop-config.sh 找到JAVA_HOME，在前面添加
export JAVA_HOME=...
(4) 开启 NameNode 和 DataNode 守护进程
./sbin/start-dfs.sh
(5) jps命令查看是否成功启动
若成功启动则会列出如下进程: “NameNode”、”DataNode” 和 “SecondaryNameNode”（如果 SecondaryNameNode 没有启动，请运行 sbin/stop-dfs.sh 关闭进程，然后再次尝试启动尝试）。如果没有 NameNode 或 DataNode ，那就是配置不成功，请仔细检查之前步骤，或通过查看启动日志排查原因。
(6) 启动成功后可以通过 http://localhost:50070/查看nameNode和dataNode相关信息
(7) 关闭hadoop
./sbin/stop-dfs.sh
第二次之后启动 hadoop，无需进行 NameNode 的初始化，只需要运行 ./sbin/start-dfs.sh 即可
7. 启动YARN
(1) 启动yarn
./sbin/start-yarn.sh
./sbin/mr-jobhistory-daemon.sh start historyserver #开启历史服务器，才能在Web中查看任务运行情况
(2) jps查看
开启后通过 jps 查看，可以看到多了 NodeManager 和 ResourceManager 两个后台进程
(3) 启动成功后可以通过页面http://localhost:8088/cluster查看集群任务的运行情况
(4) 关闭yarn
./sbin/stop-yarn.sh
./sbin/mr-jobhistory-daemon.sh stop historyserver
二. 安装Spark
1. 下载Spark
wget "http://d3kbcqa49mib13.cloudfront.net/spark-2.0.0-bin-hadoop2.7.tgz"
2. 解压到/usr/local
sudo tar -xvzf spark-2.0.0-bin-hadoop2.7.tgz -C /usr/local
cd /usr/local
sudo mv spark-2.0.0-bin-hadoop2.7 spark
sudo chown -R hadoop spark
3. 设置环境变化PATH
vim ~/.bashrc
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/hadoop/bin:/usr/local/spark/bin
source ~/.bashrc
4). 配置Spark
cd /usr/local/spark/conf
cp spark-env.sh.template spark-env.sh
vim spark-env.sh
配置内容如下
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-i386
export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop
export HADOOP_CONF_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop
SPARK_MASTER_IP=master
SPARK_LOCAL_DIRS=/usr/local/spark
SPARK_DRIVER_MEMORY=1G
5). 启动spark
sh /usr/local/sbin/start-all.sh
启动成功后可以使用
pyspark或spark-submit
同时也可以访问以下链接查看spark任务
http://master:8080
三. 使用Yarn运行Spark程序
为了方便，以后我们都采用Yarn来运行Spark任务，不会再单独启动Spark
1. 机器配置
sudo chown hadoop:root -R /usr/local/hadoop
sudo chown hadoop:root -R /usr/local/spark
sudo chmod 775 -R /usr/local/hadoop
sudo chmod 775 -R /usr/local/spark
//bashrc配置
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-i386
export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop
export HADOOP_COMMON_LIB_NATIVE_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/lib/native
export HADOOP_OPTS=-Djava.library.path=$HADOOP_HOME/lib
export HADOOP_CONF_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/hadoop/bin:/usr/local/spark/bin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/hadoop/lib/native:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
2. 启动yarn
cd /usr/local/hadoop
./sbin/start-dfs.sh
./sbin/start-yarn.sh
./sbin/mr-jobhistory-daemon.sh start historyserver
jps查看进程，应该有以下几个
16891 NodeManager
16951 JobHistoryServer
16502 SecondaryNameNode
16028 NameNode
17729 Jps
16683 ResourceManager
16228 DataNode
3. 停止yarn
cd /usr/local/hadoop
./sbin/stop-dfs.sh
./sbin/stop-yarn.sh
./sbin/mr-jobhistory-daemon.sh stop historyserver
4. web界面查看
查看nameNode和dataNode: http://localhost:50070/
查看yarn集群任务: http://localhost:8088/cluster
四. 问题汇总
1. 问题
Hadoop 2.x.x - warning: You have loaded library /home/hadoop/2.2.0/lib/native/libhadoop.so.1.0.0 which might have disabled stack guard.
解决方案
1. vi ~/.bashrc
2. 添加以下2行
export HADOOP_COMMON_LIB_NATIVE_DIR=${HADOOP_HOME}/lib/native
export HADOOP_OPTS="-Djava.library.path=$HADOOP_HOME/lib
