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[Hadoop]SSH免密码登录以及失败解决方案

2016-06-15 787
版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，未经博主允许不得转载。 https://blog.csdn.net/SunnyYoona/article/details/51689041
1. 创建ssh-key

这里我们采用rsa方式，使用如下命令：

 
 
     
  
  1. xiaosi@xiaosi:~$ ssh-keygen -t rsa -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa
    2.  
  
  2. Generating public/private rsa key pair.
    3.  
  
  3. Created directory '/home/xiaosi/.ssh'.
    4.  
  
  4. Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): 
    5.  
  
  5. Enter same passphrase again: 
    6.  
  
  6. Your identification has been saved in /home/xiaosi/.ssh/id_rsa.
    7.  
  
  7. Your public key has been saved in /home/xiaosi/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
    8.  
  
  8. The key fingerprint is:
    9.  
  
  9. SHA256:n/sFaAT94A/xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xiaosi@xiaosi
    10.  
  
  10. The key's randomart image is:
    11.  
  
  11. +---[xxxxx]----+
    12.  
  
  12. |        o= .. .. |
    13.  
  
  13. |        o.= ..  .|
    14.  
  
  14. |         *.* o  .|
    15.  
  
  15. |        +.4.=E+..|
    16.  
  
  16. |       .SBo=. h+ |
    17.  
  
  17. |        ogo..oo. |
    18.  
  
  18. |          or +j..|
    19.  
  
  19. |          ...+o=.|
    20.  
  
  20. |          ... o=+|
    21.  
  
  21. +----[xxxxx]-----+
    22.  
 
 
 
 备注：
 
 
 这里会提示输入pass phrase，一定不要输入任何字符，回车即可。
 
 
 2. 生成authorized_keys文件 
 
 
 
 
    
  
  1. xiaosi@xiaosi:~$ cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
    2. 
 
 
 
 备注：
 
 
 记得要把authorized_keys文件放到.ssh目录下，与rsa等文件放在一起，否则免登录失败，debug如下（ssh -vvv localhost进行调试，查找错误原因）：
 
 
 
  
 
  
     
   
  1. xiaosi@xiaosi:~$ ssh -vvv localhost
    2.  
   
  2. OpenSSH_7.2p2 Ubuntu-4ubuntu1, OpenSSL 1.0.2g-fips 1 Mar 2016
    3.  
   
  3. debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config
    4.  
   
  4. debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 19: Applying options for *
    5.  
   
  5. debug2: resolving "localhost" port 22
    6.  
   
  6. debug2: ssh_connect_direct: needpriv 0
    7.  
   
  7. debug1: Connecting to localhost [127.0.0.1] port 22.
    8.  
   
  8. debug1: Connection established.
    9.  
   
  9. debug1: identity file /home/xiaosi/.ssh/id_rsa type 1
    10.  
   
  10. debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
    11.  
   
  11. debug1: identity file /home/xiaosi/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1
    12.  
   
  12. debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
    13.  
   
  13. debug1: identity file /home/xiaosi/.ssh/id_dsa type -1
    14.  
   
  14. debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
    15.  
   
  15. debug1: identity file /home/xiaosi/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1
    16.  
   
  16. debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
    17.  
   
  17. debug1: identity file /home/xiaosi/.ssh/id_ecdsa type -1
    18.  
   
  18. debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
    19.  
   
  19. debug1: identity file /home/xiaosi/.ssh/id_ecdsa-cert type -1
    20.  
   
  20. debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
    21.  
   
  21. debug1: identity file /home/xiaosi/.ssh/id_ed25519 type -1
    22.  
   
  22. debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
    23.  
   
  23. debug1: identity file /home/xiaosi/.ssh/id_ed25519-cert type -1
    24.  
   
  24. debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0
    25.  
   
  25. debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_7.2p2 Ubuntu-4ubuntu1
    26.  
   
  26. debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_7.2p2 Ubuntu-4ubuntu1
    27.  
   
  27. debug1: match: OpenSSH_7.2p2 Ubuntu-4ubuntu1 pat OpenSSH* compat 0x04000000
    28.  
   
  28. debug2: fd 3 setting O_NONBLOCK
    29.  
   
  29. debug1: Authenticating to localhost:22 as 'xiaosi'
    30.  
   
  30. debug3: hostkeys_foreach: reading file "/home/xiaosi/.ssh/known_hosts"
    31.  
   
  31. debug3: record_hostkey: found key type ECDSA in file /home/xiaosi/.ssh/known_hosts:1
    32.  
   
  32. debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys from localhost
    33.  
   
  33. debug3: order_hostkeyalgs: prefer hostkeyalgs: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521
    34.  
   
  34. debug3: send packet: type 20
    35.  
   
  35. debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent
    36.  
   
  36. debug3: receive packet: type 20
    37.  
   
  37. debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received
    38.  
   
  38. debug2: local client KEXINIT proposal
    39.  
   
  39. debug2: KEX algorithms: curve25519-sha256@libssh.org,ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,ext-info-c
    40.  
   
  40. debug2: host key algorithms: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521,ssh-ed25519-cert-v01@openssh.com,ssh-rsa-cert-v01@openssh.com,ssh-ed25519,rsa-sha2-512,rsa-sha2-256,ssh-rsa
    41.  
   
  41. debug2: ciphers ctos: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,aes256-gcm@openssh.com,aes128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,3des-cbc
    42.  
   
  42. debug2: ciphers stoc: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,aes256-gcm@openssh.com,aes128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,3des-cbc
    43.  
   
  43. debug2: MACs ctos: umac-64-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-64@openssh.com,umac-128@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
    44.  
   
  44. debug2: MACs stoc: umac-64-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-64@openssh.com,umac-128@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
    45.  
   
  45. debug2: compression ctos: none,zlib@openssh.com,zlib
    46.  
   
  46. debug2: compression stoc: none,zlib@openssh.com,zlib
    47.  
   
  47. debug2: languages ctos: 
    48.  
   
  48. debug2: languages stoc: 
    49.  
   
  49. debug2: first_kex_follows 0 
    50.  
   
  50. debug2: reserved 0 
    51.  
   
  51. debug2: peer server KEXINIT proposal
    52.  
   
  52. debug2: KEX algorithms: curve25519-sha256@libssh.org,ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1
    53.  
   
  53. debug2: host key algorithms: ssh-rsa,rsa-sha2-512,rsa-sha2-256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ssh-ed25519
    54.  
   
  54. debug2: ciphers ctos: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,aes256-gcm@openssh.com
    55.  
   
  55. debug2: ciphers stoc: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,aes256-gcm@openssh.com
    56.  
   
  56. debug2: MACs ctos: umac-64-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-64@openssh.com,umac-128@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
    57.  
   
  57. debug2: MACs stoc: umac-64-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-64@openssh.com,umac-128@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
    58.  
   
  58. debug2: compression ctos: none,zlib@openssh.com
    59.  
   
  59. debug2: compression stoc: none,zlib@openssh.com
    60.  
   
  60. debug2: languages ctos: 
    61.  
   
  61. debug2: languages stoc: 
    62.  
   
  62. debug2: first_kex_follows 0 
    63.  
   
  63. debug2: reserved 0 
    64.  
   
  64. debug1: kex: algorithm: curve25519-sha256@libssh.org
    65.  
   
  65. debug1: kex: host key algorithm: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256
    66.  
   
  66. debug1: kex: server->client cipher: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com MAC: <implicit> compression: none
    67.  
   
  67. debug1: kex: client->server cipher: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com MAC: <implicit> compression: none
    68.  
   
  68. debug3: send packet: type 30
    69.  
   
  69. debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_REPLY
    70.  
   
  70. debug3: receive packet: type 31
    71.  
   
  71. debug1: Server host key: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256 SHA256:378enl3ckhdpObP8fnsHr1EXz4d1q2Jde+jUplkub/Y
    72.  
   
  72. debug3: hostkeys_foreach: reading file "/home/xiaosi/.ssh/known_hosts"
    73.  
   
  73. debug3: record_hostkey: found key type ECDSA in file /home/xiaosi/.ssh/known_hosts:1
    74.  
   
  74. debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys from localhost
    75.  
   
  75. debug1: Host 'localhost' is known and matches the ECDSA host key.
    76.  
   
  76. debug1: Found key in /home/xiaosi/.ssh/known_hosts:1
    77.  
   
  77. debug3: send packet: type 21
    78.  
   
  78. debug2: set_newkeys: mode 1
    79.  
   
  79. debug1: rekey after 134217728 blocks
    80.  
   
  80. debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent
    81.  
   
  81. debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS
    82.  
   
  82. debug3: receive packet: type 21
    83.  
   
  83. debug2: set_newkeys: mode 0
    84.  
   
  84. debug1: rekey after 134217728 blocks
    85.  
   
  85. debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received
    86.  
   
  86. debug2: key: /home/xiaosi/.ssh/id_rsa (0x5602df5e80c0)
    87.  
   
  87. debug2: key: /home/xiaosi/.ssh/id_dsa ((nil))
    88.  
   
  88. debug2: key: /home/xiaosi/.ssh/id_ecdsa ((nil))
    89.  
   
  89. debug2: key: /home/xiaosi/.ssh/id_ed25519 ((nil))
    90.  
   
  90. debug3: send packet: type 5
    91.  
   
  91. debug3: receive packet: type 7
    92.  
   
  92. debug1: SSH2_MSG_EXT_INFO received
    93.  
   
  93. debug1: kex_input_ext_info: server-sig-algs=<rsa-sha2-256,rsa-sha2-512>
    94.  
   
  94. debug3: receive packet: type 6
    95.  
   
  95. debug2: service_accept: ssh-userauth
    96.  
   
  96. debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received
    97.  
   
  97. debug3: send packet: type 50
    98.  
   
  98. debug3: receive packet: type 51
    99.  
   
  99. debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password
    100.  
   
  100. debug3: start over, passed a different list publickey,password
    101.  
   
  101. debug3: preferred gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic,publickey,keyboard-interactive,password
    102.  
   
  102. debug3: authmethod_lookup publickey
    103.  
   
  103. debug3: remaining preferred: keyboard-interactive,password
    104.  
   
  104. debug3: authmethod_is_enabled publickey
    105.  
   
  105. debug1: Next authentication method: publickey
    106.  
   
  106. debug1: Offering RSA public key: /home/xiaosi/.ssh/id_rsa
    107.  
   
  107. debug3: send_pubkey_test
    108.  
   
  108. debug3: send packet: type 50
    109.  
   
  109. debug2: we sent a publickey packet, wait for reply
    110.  
   
  110. debug3: receive packet: type 51
    111.  
   
  111. debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password
    112.  
   
  112. debug1: Trying private key: /home/xiaosi/.ssh/id_dsa
    113.  
   
  113. debug3: no such identity: /home/xiaosi/.ssh/id_dsa: No such file or directory
    114.  
   
  114. debug1: Trying private key: /home/xiaosi/.ssh/id_ecdsa
    115.  
   
  115. debug3: no such identity: /home/xiaosi/.ssh/id_ecdsa: No such file or directory
    116.  
   
  116. debug1: Trying private key: /home/xiaosi/.ssh/id_ed25519
    117.  
   
  117. debug3: no such identity: /home/xiaosi/.ssh/id_ed25519: No such file or directory
    118.  
   
  118. debug2: we did not send a packet, disable method
    119.  
   
  119. debug3: authmethod_lookup password
    120.  
   
  120. debug3: remaining preferred: ,password
    121.  
   
  121. debug3: authmethod_is_enabled password
    122.  
   
  122. debug1: Next authentication method: password
    123.  
   
  123. xiaosi@localhost's password: 
    124.  
  
 
 
 
 
 

 
 3. 验证 
 
 
 
 
     
  
  1. xiaosi@xiaosi:~$ ssh localhost
    2.  
  
  2. The authenticity of host 'localhost (127.0.0.1)' can't be established.
    3.  
  
  3. ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:378enl3ckhdpObP8fnsHr1EXz4d1q2Jde+jUplkub/Y.
    4.  
  
  4. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
    5.  
  
  5. Warning: Permanently added 'localhost' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
    6.  
  
  6. sign_and_send_pubkey: signing failed: agent refused operation
    7.  
  
  7. xiaosi@localhost's password: 
    8.  
 
 
 
 4. authorized_keys权限 
 
 
 我们可以看到还是让我输入密码，很大可能是authorized_keys文件权限的问题，我们给该文件赋予一定权限：
 
 
 
 
    
  
  1. xiaosi@xiaosi:~$ chmod 600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
    2. 
 
 
 再次验证：
 

 
 
 
     
  
  1. xiaosi@xiaosi:~$ ssh localhost
    2.  
  
  2. Welcome to Ubuntu 16.04 LTS (GNU/Linux 4.4.0-24-generic x86_64)
    3.  
  
    4.  
  
  4.  * Documentation:  https://help.ubuntu.com/
    5.  
  
    6.  
  
  6. 0 个可升级软件包。
    7.  
  
  7. 0 个安全更新。
    8.  
  
    9.  
  
  9. Last login: Thu Jun 16 08:05:50 2016 from 127.0.0.1
    10.  
 
 
 
 到此表示OK了。
 
 
 
 
 
 备注：
 
 
 或者第一次需要输入密码，以后再次登陆就不需要输入密码了。
 
 
 
 
 
 有更明白的小伙伴可以指导一下。。。。。。
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


                        

                        

                        	
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					时间: 2025-12-03
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