SpringBoot入门系列： Spring Boot的测试
Spring Boot的测试，和普通项目的测试类同，可以继续使用我们熟悉的测试工具。当然，这里的测试，主要还是后台代码的测试。
主要需要注意的地方仅有三点：
1、依赖包的引入：pom.xml中仅依赖spring-boot-starter-test，它把相关的依赖全部引入。
2、在测试类上的注解，常用的注解有三个
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = Application.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
这三个注解，只要注意第二个注解括号内的Application.class就行，把它替换为项目的启动类即可。
我们前面spring-boot-sample-mysql工程的启动类为SpringBootSampleMysqlApplication，那么测试类上的注解就是
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = SpringBootSampleMysqlApplication.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
3、测试类的文件结构，保持src/test/java和src/main/java结构一直，即：包+文件夹。
如：com.example包service中类的测试，那么在src/test/java也是建立com.example包，再在包下建立文件夹service.
注：由于我们测试的启动类用的是项目的启动类，所以Spring Boot项目的测试配置文件任然用src/main/resources的。
下面贴两个个测试类代码
1、服务类的
[java] view plain copy
- package com.example.service;
- import java.util.List;
- import org.junit.Assert;
- import org.junit.Test;
- import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
- import org.springframework.boot.test.SpringApplicationConfiguration;
- import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
- import org.springframework.test.context.web.WebAppConfiguration;
- import com.example.Application;
- import com.example.domain.TestPOJO;
- import com.example.dto.HotelDto;
- @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
- @SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = Application.class)
- @WebAppConfiguration
- public class TestServicesTest {
- @Autowired
- TestServices testServices;
- @Test
- public void testShow() {
- String expectedResult="hello world!";
- String result=testServices.show();
- Assert.assertTrue("数据一致", expectedResult.equals(result));
- Assert.assertFalse("数据不一致", !expectedResult.equals(result));
- }
- @Test
- public void testShowDao() {
- List<TestPOJO> testPOJOList=testServices.showDao(10);
- Assert.assertTrue("数据集不对", testPOJOList.size()==1);
- Assert.assertTrue("数据一致", testPOJOList.get(0).getName().equals("nice"));
- }
- @Test
- public void testFindByCountry() {
- List<HotelDto> testPOJOList=testServices.findByCountry("US");
- Assert.assertTrue("数据集不对", testPOJOList.size()==1);
- Assert.assertTrue("数据一致", testPOJOList.get(0).getCityName().equals("San Francisco"));
- }
- }
2、controller类的
[java] view plain copy
- package com.example.controller;
- import java.util.List;
- import org.junit.Assert;
- import org.junit.Before;
- import org.junit.Test;
- import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
- import org.springframework.boot.test.SpringApplicationConfiguration;
- import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
- import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
- import org.springframework.test.context.web.WebAppConfiguration;
- import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
- import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MvcResult;
- import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders;
- import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;
- import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;
- import com.example.Application;
- import com.example.domain.TestPOJO;
- import com.example.dto.HotelDto;
- import com.example.service.TestServices;
- import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
- import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
- @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
- @SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = Application.class)
- @WebAppConfiguration
- public class TestControllerTest {
- MockMvc mvc;
- @Autowired
- WebApplicationContext webApplicationConnect;
- @Autowired
- TestServices testServices;
- String expectedJson;
- @Before
- public void setUp() throws JsonProcessingException {
- mvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(webApplicationConnect).build();
- }
- @Test
- public void testShow() throws Exception {
- String expectedResult = "hello world!";
- String uri = "/show";
- MvcResult mvcResult = mvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get(uri).accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON))
- .andReturn();
- int status = mvcResult.getResponse().getStatus();
- String content = mvcResult.getResponse().getContentAsString();
- Assert.assertTrue("错误，正确的返回值为200", status == 200);
- Assert.assertFalse("错误，正确的返回值为200", status != 200);
- Assert.assertTrue("数据一致", expectedResult.equals(content));
- Assert.assertFalse("数据不一致", !expectedResult.equals(content));
- }
- protected String Obj2Json(Object obj) throws JsonProcessingException {
- ObjectMapper mapper=new ObjectMapper();
- return mapper.writeValueAsString(obj);
- }
- @Test
- public void testShowDaoInt() throws Exception {
- List<TestPOJO> testPOJOList = testServices.showDao(10);
- expectedJson = Obj2Json(testPOJOList);
- String uri="/showDao?age=10";
- MvcResult mvcResult=mvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get(uri).accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)).andReturn();
- int status=mvcResult.getResponse().getStatus();
- String content=mvcResult.getResponse().getContentAsString();
- Assert.assertTrue("错误，正确的返回值为200", status == 200);
- Assert.assertFalse("错误，正确的返回值为200", status != 200);
- Assert.assertTrue("数据一致", expectedJson.equals(content));
- Assert.assertFalse("数据不一致", !expectedJson.equals(content));
- }
- @Test
- public void testShowDaoString() throws Exception {
- List<HotelDto> hotelDtoList=testServices.findByCountry("US");
- expectedJson = Obj2Json(hotelDtoList);
- String uri="/country/US";
- MvcResult mvcResult=mvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get(uri).accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)).andReturn();
- int status=mvcResult.getResponse().getStatus();
- String content=mvcResult.getResponse().getContentAsString();
- Assert.assertTrue("错误，正确的返回值为200", status == 200);
- Assert.assertFalse("错误，正确的返回值为200", status != 200);
- Assert.assertTrue("数据一致", expectedJson.equals(content));
- Assert.assertFalse("数据不一致", !expectedJson.equals(content));
- }
- }
controller类的，为了MockMvc，注入了WebApplicationContext。
