一、背景

近期在学习爬虫，利用Requests模块获取页面，BeautifulSoup来获取需要的内容，最后利用xlsxwriter模块讲内容保存至excel，在此记录一下，后续可举一反三，利用其抓取其他内容持久和存储到文件内，或数据库等。

二、代码

编写了两个模块，geturl3和getexcel3，最后在main内调用

geturl3.py代码内容如下：

#!/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# @Author  : kaliarch

import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

class get_urldic:
    #获取搜索关键字
    def get_url(self):
        urlList = []
        first_url = 'http://blog.51cto.com/search/result?q='
        after_url = '&type=&page='
        try:
            search = input("Please input search name:")
            page = int(input("Please input page:"))
        except Exception as e:
            print('Input error:',e)
            exit()
        for num in range(1,page+1):
            url = first_url + search + after_url + str(num)
            urlList.append(url)
        print("Please wait....")
        return urlList,search

    #获取网页文件
    def get_html(self,urlList):
        response_list = []
        for r_num in urlList:
            request = requests.get(r_num)
            response = request.content
            response_list.append(response)
        return response_list

    #获取blog_name和blog_url
    def get_soup(self,html_doc):
        result = {}
        for g_num in html_doc:
            soup = BeautifulSoup(g_num,'html.parser')
            context = soup.find_all('a',class_='m-1-4 fl')
            for i in context:
                title=i.get_text()
                result[title.strip()]=i['href']
        return result

if __name__ == '__main__':
    blog = get_urldic()
    urllist, search = blog.get_url()
    html_doc = blog.get_html(urllist)
    result = blog.get_soup(html_doc)
    for k,v in result.items():
        print('search blog_name is:%s,blog_url is:%s' % (k,v))

getexcel3.py代码内容如下：

#!/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# @Author  : kaliarch

import xlsxwriter

class create_excle:
    def __init__(self):
        self.tag_list = ["blog_name", "blog_url"]

    def create_workbook(self,search=" "):
        excle_name = search + '.xlsx'
        #定义excle名称
        workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook(excle_name)
        worksheet_M = workbook.add_worksheet(search)
        print('create %s....' % excle_name)
        return workbook,worksheet_M

    def col_row(self,worksheet):
        worksheet.set_column('A:A', 12)
        worksheet.set_row(0, 17)
        worksheet.set_column('A:A',58)
        worksheet.set_column('B:B', 58)

    def shell_format(self,workbook):
        #表头格式
        merge_format = workbook.add_format({
            'bold': 1,
            'border': 1,
            'align': 'center',
            'valign': 'vcenter',
            'fg_color': '#FAEBD7'
        })
        #标题格式
        name_format = workbook.add_format({
            'bold': 1,
            'border': 1,
            'align': 'center',
            'valign': 'vcenter',
            'fg_color': '#E0FFFF'
        })
        #正文格式
        normal_format = workbook.add_format({
            'align': 'center',
        })
        return merge_format,name_format,normal_format

    #写入title和列名
    def write_title(self,worksheet,search,merge_format):
        title = search + "搜索结果"
        worksheet.merge_range('A1:B1', title, merge_format)
        print('write title success')

    def write_tag(self,worksheet,name_format):
        tag_row = 1
        tag_col = 0
        for num in self.tag_list:
            worksheet.write(tag_row,tag_col,num,name_format)
            tag_col += 1
        print('write tag success')

    #写入内容
    def write_context(self,worksheet,con_dic,normal_format):
        row = 2
        for k,v in con_dic.items():
            if row > len(con_dic):
                break
            col = 0
            worksheet.write(row,col,k,normal_format)
            col+=1
            worksheet.write(row,col,v,normal_format)
            row+=1
        print('write context success')

    #关闭excel
    def workbook_close(self,workbook):
        workbook.close()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    print('This is create excel mode')

main.py代码内容如下：

#!/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# @Author  : kaliarch

import geturl3
import getexcel3

#获取url字典
def get_dic():
    blog = geturl3.get_urldic()
    urllist, search = blog.get_url()
    html_doc = blog.get_html(urllist)
    result = blog.get_soup(html_doc)
    return result,search

#写入excle
def write_excle(urldic,search):
    excle = getexcel3.create_excle()
    workbook, worksheet = excle.create_workbook(search)
    excle.col_row(worksheet)
    merge_format, name_format, normal_format = excle.shell_format(workbook)
    excle.write_title(worksheet,search,merge_format)
    excle.write_tag(worksheet,name_format)
    excle.write_context(worksheet,urldic,normal_format)
    excle.workbook_close(workbook)

def main():
    url_dic ,search_name = get_dic()
    write_excle(url_dic,search_name)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

三、效果展示

运行代码，填写搜索的关键字，及搜索多少页

查看会生成一个以搜索关键字命名的excel，打开写入的内容

利用其就可以搜索并保持自己需要的51CTO推荐博客，可以多搜索几个