一：系统环境

1.1 系统环境初始化

系统：Centos7.8x64

cat /etc/hosts 
-----
192.168.100.11  node01.flyfish.cn
192.168.100.12  node02.flyfish.cn
192.168.100.13  node03.flyfish.cn
192.168.100.14  node04.flyfish.cn
192.168.100.15  node05.flyfish.cn
192.168.100.16  node06.flyfish.cn
192.168.100.17  node07.flyfish.cn
192.168.100.18  node08.flyfish.cn
-----

本次安装以 前三台部署
k8s 部署说明

---

1.2 系统配置初始化

安装基础工具
  yum install -y wget && yum install -y vim && yum install -y lsof && yum install -y net-tools

---

关闭防火墙或者阿里云开通安全组端口访问

systemctl stop firewalld

systemctl disable firewalld

执行关闭命令： systemctl stop firewalld.service

再次执行查看防火墙命令：systemctl status firewalld.service

执行开机禁用防火墙自启命令  ： systemctl disable firewalld.service

---

关闭 selinux:

sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config

setenforce 0

cat /etc/selinux/config

---

---

关闭 swap

swapoff -a  #临时

sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab  #永久

free -l -h

---

将桥接的 IPv4 流量传递到 iptables 的链
   如果没有/etc/sysctl.conf文件的话直接执行
echo "net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6 = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6 = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.ipv6.conf.lo.disable_ipv6 = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding = 1"  >> /etc/sysctl.conf

1.3 部署docker

下载地址：https://download.docker.com/linux/static/stable/x86_64/docker-19.03.9.tgz

以下在所有节点操作。这里采用二进制安装，用yum安装也一样。
在 node01.flyfish,node02.flyfish 与 node03.flyfish 节点上面安装

---

3.1 解压二进制包

tar zxvf docker-19.03.9.tgz
mv docker/* /usr/bin

3.2 systemd管理docker

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Docker Application Container Engine
Documentation=https://docs.docker.com
After=network-online.target firewalld.service
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=notify
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
LimitNOFILE=infinity
LimitNPROC=infinity
LimitCORE=infinity
TimeoutStartSec=0
Delegate=yes
KillMode=process
Restart=on-failure
StartLimitBurst=3
StartLimitInterval=60s
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

3.3 创建配置文件

mkdir /etc/docker
cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json << EOF
{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://b9pmyelo.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF

registry-mirrors 阿里云镜像加速器

3.4 启动并设置开机启动

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start docker
systemctl enable docker

二 ：安装k8s 集群

安装k8s、kubelet、kubeadm、kubectl（所有节点）
配置K8S的yum源

cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo

[kubernetes]

name=Kubernetes

baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64

enabled=1

gpgcheck=0

repo_gpgcheck=0

gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg

       http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg

EOF

---

安装kubelet、kubeadm、kubectl
yum install -y kubelet-1.17.3 kubeadm-1.17.3 kubectl-1.17.3

systemctl enable kubelet && systemctl start kubelet

初始化所有节点:
 下载镜像脚本：
 vim image.sh
 ----
 #!/bin/bash

images=(

  kube-apiserver:v1.17.3

    kube-proxy:v1.17.3

  kube-controller-manager:v1.17.3

  kube-scheduler:v1.17.3

  coredns:1.6.5

  etcd:3.4.3-0

    pause:3.1

)

for imageName in ${images[@]} ; do

    docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/$imageName

done
 -----

---

初始化 master节点：
注意，该操作只是在master节点之后构建环境。
kubeadm init \
--apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.100.11 \
--image-repository registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers \
--kubernetes-version v1.17.3 \
--service-cidr=10.96.0.0/16 \
--pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 

---

mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

---

部署网络插件
  kubectl apply -f https://docs.projectcalico.org/manifests/calico.yaml

---

其他节点加入：
kubeadm join 192.168.100.11:6443 --token y28jw9.gxstbcar3m4n5p1a \
    --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:769528577607a4024ead671ae01b694744dba16e0806e57ed1b099eb6c6c9350

---

三：部署NFS 服务器

yum install -y nfs-utils

echo "/nfs/data/ *(insecure,rw,sync,no_root_squash)" > /etc/exports

mkdir -p /nfs/data

systemctl enable rpcbind

systemctl enable nfs-server

systemctl start rpcbind

systemctl start nfs-server

exportfs -r

---

测试Pod直接挂载NFS了（主节点操作）

在opt目录下创建一个nginx.yaml的文件

vim nginx.yaml

----
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: vol-nfs
  namespace: default
spec:
  volumes:
  - name: html
    nfs:
      path: /nfs/data   #1000G
      server: 192.168.100.11 #自己的nfs服务器地址
  containers:
  - name: myapp
    image: nginx
    volumeMounts:
    - name: html
      mountPath: /usr/share/nginx/html/
----
kubectl apply -f nginx.yaml

cd /nfs/data/

echo " 11111" >>> index.html 

---

安装客户端工具（node节点操作）
node02.flyfish.cn

showmount -e 192.168.100.11

---

创建同步文件夹
mkdir /root/nfsmount

---

将客户端的/root/nfsmount和/nfs/data/做同步（node节点操作）
mount -t nfs 192.168.100.11:/nfs/data/ /root/nfsmount

---

四：设置动态供应链storageclass

vim nfs-rbac.yaml
----
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: nfs-provisioner
---
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
   name: nfs-provisioner-runner
rules:
   -  apiGroups: [""]
      resources: ["persistentvolumes"]
      verbs: ["get", "list", "watch", "create", "delete"]
   -  apiGroups: [""]
      resources: ["persistentvolumeclaims"]
      verbs: ["get", "list", "watch", "update"]
   -  apiGroups: ["storage.k8s.io"]
      resources: ["storageclasses"]
      verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]
   -  apiGroups: [""]
      resources: ["events"]
      verbs: ["watch", "create", "update", "patch"]
   -  apiGroups: [""]
      resources: ["services", "endpoints"]
      verbs: ["get","create","list", "watch","update"]
   -  apiGroups: ["extensions"]
      resources: ["podsecuritypolicies"]
      resourceNames: ["nfs-provisioner"]
      verbs: ["use"]
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: run-nfs-provisioner
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: nfs-provisioner
    namespace: default
roleRef:
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: nfs-provisioner-runner
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
---
kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
   name: nfs-client-provisioner
spec:
   replicas: 1
   strategy:
     type: Recreate
   selector:
     matchLabels:
        app: nfs-client-provisioner
   template:
      metadata:
         labels:
            app: nfs-client-provisioner
      spec:
         serviceAccount: nfs-provisioner
         containers:
            -  name: nfs-client-provisioner
               image: lizhenliang/nfs-client-provisioner
               volumeMounts:
                 -  name: nfs-client-root
                    mountPath:  /persistentvolumes
               env:
                 -  name: PROVISIONER_NAME
                    value: storage.pri/nfs
                 -  name: NFS_SERVER
                    value: 192.168.100.11
                 -  name: NFS_PATH
                    value: /nfs/data
         volumes:
           - name: nfs-client-root
             nfs:
               server: 192.168.100.11
               path: /nfs/data
----
kubectl apply -f nfs-rbac.yaml
kubectl get pod 

创建storageclass
vi storageclass-nfs.yaml
----
apiVersion: storage.k8s.io/v1
kind: StorageClass
metadata:
  name: storage-nfs
provisioner: storage.pri/nfs
reclaimPolicy: Delete
----
kubectl apply -f storageclass-nfs.yaml

#扩展"reclaim policy"有三种方式：Retain、Recycle、Deleted。
Retain
#保护被PVC释放的PV及其上数据，并将PV状态改成"released"，不将被其它PVC绑定。集群管理员手动通过如下步骤释放存储资源：
手动删除PV，但与其相关的后端存储资源如(AWS EBS, GCE PD, Azure Disk, or Cinder volume)仍然存在。
手动清空后端存储volume上的数据。
手动删除后端存储volume，或者重复使用后端volume，为其创建新的PV。

Delete
删除被PVC释放的PV及其后端存储volume。对于动态PV其"reclaim policy"继承自其"storage class"，
默认是Delete。集群管理员负责将"storage class"的"reclaim policy"设置成用户期望的形式，否则需要用
户手动为创建后的动态PV编辑"reclaim policy"

Recycle
保留PV，但清空其上数据，已废弃

---

kubectl get storageclass

---

改变默认sc
https://kubernetes.io/zh/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/change-default-storage-class/#%e4%b8%ba%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e8%a6%81%e6%94%b9%e5%8f%98%e9%bb%98%e8%ae%a4-storage-class

kubectl patch storageclass storage-nfs -p '{"metadata": {"annotations":{"storageclass.kubernetes.io/is-default-class":"true"}}}'

---

验证nfs动态供应

创建pvc

vim pvc.yaml
-----
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  name: pvc-claim-01
  #annotations:
   #   volume.beta.kubernetes.io/storage-class: "storage-nfs"
spec:
  storageClassName: storage-nfs  #这个class一定注意要和sc的名字一样
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteMany
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 1Mi
-----

kubectl apply -f pvc.yaml

---

使用pvc

vi testpod.yaml
----
kind: Pod
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: test-pod
spec:
  containers:
  - name: test-pod
    image: busybox
    command:
      - "/bin/sh"
    args:
      - "-c"
      - "touch /mnt/SUCCESS && exit 0 || exit 1"
    volumeMounts:
      - name: nfs-pvc
        mountPath: "/mnt"
  restartPolicy: "Never"
  volumes:
    - name: nfs-pvc
      persistentVolumeClaim:
        claimName: pvc-claim-01
-----
kubectl apply -f testpod.yaml

五：安装metrics-server

1、先安装metrics-server(yaml如下，已经改好了镜像和配置，可以直接使用)，这样就能监控到pod。node的资源情况（默认只有cpu、memory的资源审计信息哟，更专业的我们后面对接 Prometheus）

vim 2222.yaml
----
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
  name: system:aggregated-metrics-reader
  labels:
    rbac.authorization.k8s.io/aggregate-to-view: "true"
    rbac.authorization.k8s.io/aggregate-to-edit: "true"
    rbac.authorization.k8s.io/aggregate-to-admin: "true"
rules:
- apiGroups: ["metrics.k8s.io"]
  resources: ["pods", "nodes"]
  verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: metrics-server:system:auth-delegator
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: system:auth-delegator
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: metrics-server
  namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
  name: metrics-server-auth-reader
  namespace: kube-system
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: Role
  name: extension-apiserver-authentication-reader
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: metrics-server
  namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: apiregistration.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: APIService
metadata:
  name: v1beta1.metrics.k8s.io
spec:
  service:
    name: metrics-server
    namespace: kube-system
  group: metrics.k8s.io
  version: v1beta1
  insecureSkipTLSVerify: true
  groupPriorityMinimum: 100
  versionPriority: 100
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: metrics-server
  namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: metrics-server
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    k8s-app: metrics-server
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s-app: metrics-server
  template:
    metadata:
      name: metrics-server
      labels:
        k8s-app: metrics-server
    spec:
      serviceAccountName: metrics-server
      volumes:
      # mount in tmp so we can safely use from-scratch images and/or read-only containers
      - name: tmp-dir
        emptyDir: {}
      containers:
      - name: metrics-server
        image: mirrorgooglecontainers/metrics-server-amd64:v0.3.6
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        args:
          - --cert-dir=/tmp
          - --secure-port=4443
          - --kubelet-insecure-tls
          - --kubelet-preferred-address-types=InternalIP,ExternalIP,Hostname
        ports:
        - name: main-port
          containerPort: 4443
          protocol: TCP
        securityContext:
          readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
          runAsNonRoot: true
          runAsUser: 1000
        volumeMounts:
        - name: tmp-dir
          mountPath: /tmp
      nodeSelector:
        kubernetes.io/os: linux
        kubernetes.io/arch: "amd64"
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: metrics-server
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    kubernetes.io/name: "Metrics-server"
    kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
spec:
  selector:
    k8s-app: metrics-server
  ports:
  - port: 443
    protocol: TCP
    targetPort: main-port
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
  name: system:metrics-server
rules:
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - pods
  - nodes
  - nodes/stats
  - namespaces
  - configmaps
  verbs:
  - get
  - list
  - watch
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: system:metrics-server
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: system:metrics-server
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: metrics-server
  namespace: kube-system
---
kubectl apply -f 2222.yaml 

---

kubetl top nodes

kubectl top nodes 

---

六： 安装 kubesphere

https://kubesphere.com.cn/docs/quick-start/minimal-kubesphere-on-k8s/

wget https://github.com/kubesphere/ks-installer/releases/download/v3.0.0/kubesphere-installer.yaml

wget https://github.com/kubesphere/ks-installer/releases/download/v3.0.0/cluster-configuration.yaml

---

vim cluster-configuration.yaml
----
apiVersion: installer.kubesphere.io/v1alpha1
kind: ClusterConfiguration
metadata:
  name: ks-installer
  namespace: kubesphere-system
  labels:
    version: v3.0.0
spec:
  persistence:
    storageClass: ""        # If there is not a default StorageClass in your cluster, you need to specify an existing StorageClass here.
  authentication:
    jwtSecret: ""           # Keep the jwtSecret consistent with the host cluster. Retrive the jwtSecret by executing "kubectl -n kubesphere-system get cm kubesphere-config -o yaml | grep -v "apiVersion" | grep jwtSecret" on the host cluster.
  etcd:
    monitoring: true       # Whether to enable etcd monitoring dashboard installation. You have to create a secret for etcd before you enable it.
    endpointIps: 192.168.100.11  # etcd cluster EndpointIps, it can be a bunch of IPs here.
    port: 2379              # etcd port
    tlsEnable: true
  common:
    mysqlVolumeSize: 20Gi # MySQL PVC size.
    minioVolumeSize: 20Gi # Minio PVC size.
    etcdVolumeSize: 20Gi  # etcd PVC size.
    openldapVolumeSize: 2Gi   # openldap PVC size.
    redisVolumSize: 2Gi # Redis PVC size.
    es:   # Storage backend for logging, events and auditing.
      # elasticsearchMasterReplicas: 1   # total number of master nodes, it's not allowed to use even number
      # elasticsearchDataReplicas: 1     # total number of data nodes.
      elasticsearchMasterVolumeSize: 4Gi   # Volume size of Elasticsearch master nodes.
      elasticsearchDataVolumeSize: 20Gi    # Volume size of Elasticsearch data nodes.
      logMaxAge: 7                     # Log retention time in built-in Elasticsearch, it is 7 days by default.
      elkPrefix: logstash              # The string making up index names. The index name will be formatted as ks-<elk_prefix>-log.
  console:
    enableMultiLogin: true  # enable/disable multiple sing on, it allows an account can be used by different users at the same time.
    port: 30880
  alerting:                # (CPU: 0.3 Core, Memory: 300 MiB) Whether to install KubeSphere alerting system. It enables Users to customize alerting policies to send messages to receivers in time with different time intervals and alerting levels to choose from.
    enabled: true
  auditing:                # Whether to install KubeSphere audit log system. It provides a security-relevant chronological set of records，recording the sequence of activities happened in platform, initiated by different tenants.
    enabled: true
  devops:                  # (CPU: 0.47 Core, Memory: 8.6 G) Whether to install KubeSphere DevOps System. It provides out-of-box CI/CD system based on Jenkins, and automated workflow tools including Source-to-Image & Binary-to-Image.
    enabled: true
    jenkinsMemoryLim: 2Gi      # Jenkins memory limit.
    jenkinsMemoryReq: 1500Mi   # Jenkins memory request.
    jenkinsVolumeSize: 8Gi     # Jenkins volume size.
    jenkinsJavaOpts_Xms: 512m  # The following three fields are JVM parameters.
    jenkinsJavaOpts_Xmx: 512m
    jenkinsJavaOpts_MaxRAM: 2g
  events:                  # Whether to install KubeSphere events system. It provides a graphical web console for Kubernetes Events exporting, filtering and alerting in multi-tenant Kubernetes clusters.
    enabled: true
    ruler:
      enabled: true
      replicas: 2
  logging:                 # (CPU: 57 m, Memory: 2.76 G) Whether to install KubeSphere logging system. Flexible logging functions are provided for log query, collection and management in a unified console. Additional log collectors can be added, such as Elasticsearch, Kafka and Fluentd.
    enabled: true
    logsidecarReplicas: 2
  metrics_server:                    # (CPU: 56 m, Memory: 44.35 MiB) Whether to install metrics-server. IT enables HPA (Horizontal Pod Autoscaler).
    enabled: false
  monitoring:
    # prometheusReplicas: 1            # Prometheus replicas are responsible for monitoring different segments of data source and provide high availability as well.
    prometheusMemoryRequest: 400Mi   # Prometheus request memory.
    prometheusVolumeSize: 20Gi       # Prometheus PVC size.
    # alertmanagerReplicas: 1          # AlertManager Replicas.
  multicluster:
    clusterRole: none  # host | member | none  # You can install a solo cluster, or specify it as the role of host or member cluster.
  networkpolicy:       # Network policies allow network isolation within the same cluster, which means firewalls can be set up between certain instances (Pods).
    # Make sure that the CNI network plugin used by the cluster supports NetworkPolicy. There are a number of CNI network plugins that support NetworkPolicy, including Calico, Cilium, Kube-router, Romana and Weave Net.
    enabled: true
  notification:        # Email Notification support for the legacy alerting system, should be enabled/disabled together with the above alerting option.
    enabled: true
  openpitrix:          # (2 Core, 3.6 G) Whether to install KubeSphere Application Store. It provides an application store for Helm-based applications, and offer application lifecycle management.
    enabled: true
  servicemesh:         # (0.3 Core, 300 MiB) Whether to install KubeSphere Service Mesh (Istio-based). It provides fine-grained traffic management, observability and tracing, and offer visualization for traffic topology.
    enabled: true
----

kubectl apply -f kubesphere-installer.yaml

kubectl apply -f cluster-configuration1.yaml

---

查看安装进度：
   kubectl logs -n kubesphere-system $(kubectl get pod -n kubesphere-system -l app=ks-install -o jsonpath='{.items[0].metadata.name}') -f

kubectl get pod -A

kubesphere-monitoring-system   prometheus-k8s-0                                    0/3     ContainerCreating   0          7m20s
kubesphere-monitoring-system   prometheus-k8s-1                                    0/3     ContainerCreating   0          7m20s

prometheus-k8s-1 这个一直在 ContainerCreating  这个 状态

---

kubectl describe pod prometheus-k8s-0 -n kubesphere-monitoring-system

kube-etcd-client-certs 这个证书没有找到：

kubectl -n kubesphere-monitoring-system create secret generic kube-etcd-client-certs  --from-file=etcd-client-ca.crt=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/ca.crt  --from-file=etcd-client.crt=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver-etcd-client.crt  --from-file=etcd-client.key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver-etcd-client.key

 kubectl get secret -A |grep etcd

kubectl get pod -n kubesphere-monitoring-system

prometheus-k8s-1 这个pod 就变成Running 状态了

---

下面根据日志提示打开kubesphere 的web 页面：