阿里云数据分析最佳实践：二维数据可视化 + 设备数据下发

概述

物联网数据分析，又称Link Analytics，是阿里云为物联网开发者提供的设备智能分析服务，全链路覆盖了设备数据生成、管理（存储）、清洗、分析及可视化等环节。有效降低数据分析门槛，助力物联网开发工作。这里分别演示通过二维数据可视化功能展示设备位置 + 通过数据分析实现定时下发数据到设备。

Step By Step

1、创建产品，导入物模型，参考链接

物模型json内容

{ "schema": "https://iotx-tsl.oss-ap-southeast-1.aliyuncs.com/schema.json", "profile": { "productKey": "a1kVHWEOsM2" }, "properties": [ { "identifier": "GeoLocation", "name": "地理位置", "accessMode": "rw", "required": true, "dataType": { "type": "struct", "specs": [ { "identifier": "Longitude", "name": "经度", "dataType": { "type": "double", "specs": { "min": "-180", "max": "180", "unit": "°", "unitName": "度", "step": "0.01" } } }, { "identifier": "Latitude", "name": "纬度", "dataType": { "type": "double", "specs": { "min": "-90", "max": "90", "unit": "°", "unitName": "度", "step": "0.01" } } }, { "identifier": "Altitude", "name": "海拔", "dataType": { "type": "double", "specs": { "min": "0", "max": "9999", "unit": "m", "unitName": "米", "step": "0.01" } } }, { "identifier": "CoordinateSystem", "name": "坐标系统", "dataType": { "type": "enum", "specs": { "1": "WGS_84", "2": "GCJ_02" } } } ] } }, { "identifier": "CurrentHumidity", "name": "湿度", "accessMode": "rw", "required": false, "dataType": { "type": "double", "specs": { "min": "0", "max": "100", "unit": "%", "unitName": "百分比", "step": "0.01" } } }, { "identifier": "CurrentTemperature", "name": "温度", "accessMode": "rw", "required": false, "dataType": { "type": "double", "specs": { "min": "-40", "max": "120", "unit": "℃", "unitName": "摄氏度", "step": "0.01" } } } ], "events": [ { "identifier": "post", "name": "post", "type": "info", "required": true, "desc": "属性上报", "method": "thing.event.property.post", "outputData": [ { "identifier": "GeoLocation", "name": "地理位置", "dataType": { "type": "struct", "specs": [ { "identifier": "Longitude", "name": "经度", "dataType": { "type": "double", "specs": { "min": "-180", "max": "180", "unit": "°", "unitName": "度", "step": "0.01" } } }, { "identifier": "Latitude", "name": "纬度", "dataType": { "type": "double", "specs": { "min": "-90", "max": "90", "unit": "°", "unitName": "度", "step": "0.01" } } }, { "identifier": "Altitude", "name": "海拔", "dataType": { "type": "double", "specs": { "min": "0", "max": "9999", "unit": "m", "unitName": "米", "step": "0.01" } } }, { "identifier": "CoordinateSystem", "name": "坐标系统", "dataType": { "type": "enum", "specs": { "1": "WGS_84", "2": "GCJ_02" } } } ] } }, { "identifier": "CurrentHumidity", "name": "湿度", "dataType": { "type": "double", "specs": { "min": "0", "max": "100", "unit": "%", "unitName": "百分比", "step": "0.01" } } }, { "identifier": "CurrentTemperature", "name": "温度", "dataType": { "type": "double", "specs": { "min": "-40", "max": "120", "unit": "℃", "unitName": "摄氏度", "step": "0.01" } } } ] } ], "services": [ { "identifier": "set", "name": "set", "required": true, "callType": "async", "desc": "属性设置", "method": "thing.service.property.set", "inputData": [ { "identifier": "GeoLocation", "name": "地理位置", "dataType": { "type": "struct", "specs": [ { "identifier": "Longitude", "name": "经度", "dataType": { "type": "double", "specs": { "min": "-180", "max": "180", "unit": "°", "unitName": "度", "step": "0.01" } } }, { "identifier": "Latitude", "name": "纬度", "dataType": { "type": "double", "specs": { "min": "-90", "max": "90", "unit": "°", "unitName": "度", "step": "0.01" } } }, { "identifier": "Altitude", "name": "海拔", "dataType": { "type": "double", "specs": { "min": "0", "max": "9999", "unit": "m", "unitName": "米", "step": "0.01" } } }, { "identifier": "CoordinateSystem", "name": "坐标系统", "dataType": { "type": "enum", "specs": { "1": "WGS_84", "2": "GCJ_02" } } } ] } }, { "identifier": "CurrentHumidity", "name": "湿度", "dataType": { "type": "double", "specs": { "min": "0", "max": "100", "unit": "%", "unitName": "百分比", "step": "0.01" } } }, { "identifier": "CurrentTemperature", "name": "温度", "dataType": { "type": "double", "specs": { "min": "-40", "max": "120", "unit": "℃", "unitName": "摄氏度", "step": "0.01" } } } ], "outputData": [] }, { "identifier": "get", "name": "get", "required": true, "callType": "async", "desc": "属性获取", "method": "thing.service.property.get", "inputData": [ "GeoLocation", "CurrentHumidity", "CurrentTemperature" ], "outputData": [ { "identifier": "GeoLocation", "name": "地理位置", "dataType": { "type": "struct", "specs": [ { "identifier": "Longitude", "name": "经度", "dataType": { "type": "double", "specs": { "min": "-180", "max": "180", "unit": "°", "unitName": "度", "step": "0.01" } } }, { "identifier": "Latitude", "name": "纬度", "dataType": { "type": "double", "specs": { "min": "-90", "max": "90", "unit": "°", "unitName": "度", "step": "0.01" } } }, { "identifier": "Altitude", "name": "海拔", "dataType": { "type": "double", "specs": { "min": "0", "max": "9999", "unit": "m", "unitName": "米", "step": "0.01" } } }, { "identifier": "CoordinateSystem", "name": "坐标系统", "dataType": { "type": "enum", "specs": { "1": "WGS_84", "2": "GCJ_02" } } } ] } }, { "identifier": "CurrentHumidity", "name": "湿度", "dataType": { "type": "double", "specs": { "min": "0", "max": "100", "unit": "%", "unitName": "百分比", "step": "0.01" } } }, { "identifier": "CurrentTemperature", "name": "温度", "dataType": { "type": "double", "specs": { "min": "-40", "max": "120", "unit": "℃", "unitName": "摄氏度", "step": "0.01" } } } ] } ] }

2、设备端通过开源MQTT SDK上传数据，基于开源JAVA MQTT Client连接阿里云IoT

import com.alibaba.taro.AliyunIoTSignUtil; import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.*; import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.persist.MemoryPersistence; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; public class IoTDemoPubSubDemo { // 设备三元组信息 public static String productKey = "a1kVH******"; public static String deviceName = "device1"; public static String deviceSecret = "XADek3EYXzzTtxJ6a****************"; public static String regionId = "cn-shanghai"; // 物模型-属性上报topic private static String pubTopic = "/sys/" + productKey + "/" + deviceName + "/thing/event/property/post"; // 物模型-属性订阅topic private static String subTopic = "/sys/" + productKey + "/" + deviceName + "/thing/service/property/set"; private static MqttClient mqttClient; public static void main(String [] args){ initAliyunIoTClient(); // 汇报属性 postDeviceProperties(); try { mqttClient.subscribe(subTopic); // 订阅Topic } catch (MqttException e) { System.out.println("error:" + e.getMessage()); e.printStackTrace(); } // 设置订阅监听 mqttClient.setCallback(new MqttCallback() { @Override public void connectionLost(Throwable throwable) { System.out.println("connection Lost"); } @Override public void messageArrived(String s, MqttMessage mqttMessage) throws Exception { System.out.println("Sub message"); System.out.println("Topic : " + s); System.out.println(new String(mqttMessage.getPayload())); //打印输出消息payLoad } @Override public void deliveryComplete(IMqttDeliveryToken iMqttDeliveryToken) { } }); } /** * 初始化 Client 对象 */ private static void initAliyunIoTClient() { try { // 构造连接需要的参数 String clientId = "java" + System.currentTimeMillis(); Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<>(16); params.put("productKey", productKey); params.put("deviceName", deviceName); params.put("clientId", clientId); String timestamp = String.valueOf(System.currentTimeMillis()); params.put("timestamp", timestamp); // cn-shanghai String targetServer = "tcp://" + productKey + ".iot-as-mqtt."+regionId+".aliyuncs.com:1883"; String mqttclientId = clientId + "|securemode=3,signmethod=hmacsha1,timestamp=" + timestamp + "|"; String mqttUsername = deviceName + "&" + productKey; String mqttPassword = AliyunIoTSignUtil.sign(params, deviceSecret, "hmacsha1"); connectMqtt(targetServer, mqttclientId, mqttUsername, mqttPassword); } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println("initAliyunIoTClient error " + e.getMessage()); } } public static void connectMqtt(String url, String clientId, String mqttUsername, String mqttPassword) throws Exception { MemoryPersistence persistence = new MemoryPersistence(); mqttClient = new MqttClient(url, clientId, persistence); MqttConnectOptions connOpts = new MqttConnectOptions(); // MQTT 3.1.1 connOpts.setMqttVersion(4); connOpts.setAutomaticReconnect(false); // connOpts.setCleanSession(true); connOpts.setCleanSession(false); connOpts.setUserName(mqttUsername); connOpts.setPassword(mqttPassword.toCharArray()); connOpts.setKeepAliveInterval(60); mqttClient.connect(connOpts); } /** * 汇报属性 */ private static void postDeviceProperties() { try { System.out.println("上报属性值"); String payloadJson = "{\"params\":{\"CurrentHumidity\":12.3,\"CurrentTemperature\":12.3,\"GeoLocation\":{\"CoordinateSystem\":1,\"Latitude\":29.93089,\"Longitude\":121.59923,\"Altitude\":10}}}"; // https://yq.aliyun.com/articles/706989 MqttMessage message = new MqttMessage(payloadJson.getBytes("utf-8")); message.setQos(1); mqttClient.publish(pubTopic, message); } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println(e.getMessage()); } } }

payLoad设备参考链接。

3、属性上报情况查看

4、通过物联网数据分析中的二维数据可视化功能，接入设备位置到地图

5、物联网数据分析通过SQL将数据下发至设备

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• 5.1 查询数据
  

• 5.2 使用SQL下发数据

insert into ${pk.a1kVH******.device1} select 53.3 as CurrentHumidity; -- 导入数据到表，下发数据到设备

• 5.3 设备端订阅情况

上报属性值 Sub message Topic : /sys/a1kVH******/device1/thing/service/property/set {"method":"thing.service.property.set","id":"419651605","params":{"CurrentHumidity":53.3},"version":"1.0.0"}

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参考链接

快速接入设备位置到地图
数据开发之分析决策直达设备