H3C校园双出口配置案例，可跟做！
关于H3C的路由器、交换机基础理论知识，可以参看博文：H3C产品简介及基础配置命令
1.案例拓补
该拓扑图中的校园网内部分为两个网段：一个为学生校舍网段（192.168.2.0），主要访问电信提供的internet服务器；另外一个网段为校园办公和教学用网段（192.168.3.0），主要访问教育网。校园网出口路由器连接了电信提供的internet20m光纤，同时也连接了教育网的20m光纤（由于H3C的模拟器无法模拟出PC和server，所以只好使用路由器来代替了）。
本次案例使用的模拟器是H3C Cloud Lab，网盘链接：链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1MK-nw5MpkroXvhf-kFgG3w
提取码：xfup
2.案例需求
（1）路由器配置要求：当其中任意一条外部光纤中断时，另一条光纤可备份其下属的网段访问internet服务或教育网资源。
（2）Nat配置要求：出口路由器的两个出口都能同时使用校园内网的私有网段做nat后访问外部资源。教育网出口接口处还配置了nat server，使内部的教学网段的某个ip服务器对教育网提供telnet访问服务。
（3）策略路由配置要求：校园网内的教学用网段192.168.3.0/24主要通过教育网访问外部资源，而校舍网段192.168.2.0/24主要通过电信出口访问Internet资源。当教育专网的光纤故障时，校舍网段可以通过电信出口访问相关教育网资源，当电信的光纤线路故障时，校舍网段可以通过专网出口访问相关资源。
3.案例实施
（1）基本配置
PC1的配置：
Automatic configuration is running, press CTRL_D to break.
//每个设备开机时，都需使用组合键Ctrl+D才可进行配置
[PC1]int g0/0
[PC1-GigabitEthernet0/0]ip add 192.168.2.100 255.255.255.0
[PC1-GigabitEthernet0/0]undo shutdown
[PC1-GigabitEthernet0/0]quit
[PC1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.1
//配置默认路由（网关）PC2的配置：
[PC2]int g0/0
[PC2-GigabitEthernet0/0]ip add 192.168.3.100 255.255.255.0
[PC2-GigabitEthernet0/0]undo shutdown
[PC2-GigabitEthernet0/0]quit
[PC2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.3.1server的配置：
[server]int g0/0
[server-GigabitEthernet0/0]ip add 192.168.3.250 255.255.255.0
[server-GigabitEthernet0/0]undo shutdown
[server-GigabitEthernet0/0]quit
[server]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.3.1SW1的配置：
[sw1]vlan 2
[sw1-vlan2]vlan 3 //创建vlan2、vlan3
[sw1-vlan3]quit
[sw1]int vlan 1
[sw1-Vlan-interface1]ip add 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
[sw1-Vlan-interface1]undo shutdown
[sw1-Vlan-interface1]int vlan 2
[sw1-Vlan-interface2]ip add 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
[sw1-Vlan-interface2]undo shutdown
[sw1-Vlan-interface2]int vlan 3
[sw1-Vlan-interface3]ip add 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
[sw1-Vlan-interface3]undo shutdown
[sw1-Vlan-interface3]int g1/0/6
[sw1-GigabitEthernet1/0/6]port access vlan 2
[sw1-GigabitEthernet1/0/6]int g1/0/7
[sw1-GigabitEthernet1/0/7]port access vlan 3
[sw1-GigabitEthernet1/0/7]int g1/0/8
[sw1-GigabitEthernet1/0/8]port access vlan 3
//将接口加入指定vlan中R1的配置：
[R1]int g0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0]ip add 202.202.202.2 255.255.255.252
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0]undo shutdown
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0]int g0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/1]ip add 200.200.200.2 29 //子网掩码也支持数值
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/1]undo shutdown
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/1]int g0/2
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/2]port link-mode bridge //将接口改为bridge类型
//所有接口默认属于vlan1，所以相当于G0/2的接口IP已经是vlan 1的IP地址了
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/2]int vlan 1
[R1-Vlan-interface1]ip add 192.168.1.1 24
[R1-Vlan-interface1]undo shutdownR2的配置：
[R2]int g0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0]ip add 202.202.202.1 30
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0]undo shutdown
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0]int g0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/1]ip add 222.222.222.1 30
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/1]undo shutdown
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/1]int loop 0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip add 202.202.0.1 32R3的配置：
[R3]int g0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0]ip add 222.222.222.2 30
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0]undo shutdown
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0]int g0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/1]ip add 200.200.200.1 29
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/1]undo shutdown
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/1]int g0/2
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/2]ip add 202.1.1.1 24
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/2]undo shutdownPC3的配置：
[pc3]int g0/0
[pc3-GigabitEthernet0/0]ip add 202.1.1.2 24
[pc3-GigabitEthernet0/0]undo shutdown
[pc3-GigabitEthernet0/0]quit
[pc3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 202.1.1.1（2）路由配置
sw1配置默认路由：
[sw1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.1
//配置一条默认路由指向R1R1配置静态路由和ospf：
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.2
[R1]ospf 1
[R1-ospf-1]area 0
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255R2配置ospf：
[R2]ospf 1
[R2-ospf-1]area 0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255R3配置ospf：
[R3]ospf 1
[R3-ospf-1]area 0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255（3）配置NAT
R1的配置NAT：
[R1]acl basic 2001 //创建ACL，编号为2001
[R1-acl-ipv4-basic-2001]rule 0 permit source 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255
[R1-acl-ipv4-basic-2001]rule 5 permit source 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255
[R1-acl-ipv4-basic-2001]rule 10 deny
[R1-acl-ipv4-basic-2001]int g0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0]port link-mode route
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0]description link_to_tel
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0]nat outbound 2001
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0]int g0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/1]port link-mode route
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/1]description link_to_end
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/1]nat outbound 2001
//将ACL应用到两个出接口上，匹配到ACL2001的，都进行nat转换验证PC1是否能够ping通R2路由器上的loopback接口地址：
验证PC1是否能够ping通PC3：
在R1路由器查看NAT转换表：
[R1]display nat session verbose
Slot 0:
Initiator:
Source IP/port: 192.168.2.100/44032 //源地址是192.168.2.100
Destination IP/port: 202.202.0.1/2048 //目标地址是202.202.0.1
DS-Lite tunnel peer: -
instance/VLAN ID/VLL ID: -/-/-
Protocol: ICMP(1)
Inbound interface: Vlan-interface1
Responder:
Source IP/port: 202.202.0.1/3 //202.202.0.1的返回流量
Destination IP/port: 202.202.202.2/0 //200.200.200.2接口进入内网
DS-Lite tunnel peer: -
instance/VLAN ID/VLL ID: -/-/-
Protocol: ICMP(1)
Inbound interface: GigabitEthernet0/0
State: ICMP_REPLY
Application: OTHER
Start time: 2019-10-29 07:48:16 TTL: 28s
Initiator->Responder: 0 packets 0 bytes
Responder->Initiator: 0 packets 0 bytes
Initiator:
Source IP/port: 192.168.2.100/43776 //源地址是192.168.2.100
Destination IP/port: 202.1.1.2/2048 //目标地址是200.1.1.2
DS-Lite tunnel peer: -
instance/VLAN ID/VLL ID: -/-/-
Protocol: ICMP(1)
Inbound interface: Vlan-interface1
Responder:
Source IP/port: 202.1.1.2/3 //202.1.1.2的返回流量
Destination IP/port: 200.200.200.2/0 //200.200.200.2接口进入内网
DS-Lite tunnel peer: -
instance/VLAN ID/VLL ID: -/-/-
Protocol: ICMP(1)
Inbound interface: GigabitEthernet0/1
State: ICMP_REPLY
Application: OTHER
Start time: 2019-10-29 07:47:47 TTL: 0s
Initiator->Responder: 0 packets 0 bytes
Responder->Initiator: 0 packets 0 bytes
Total sessions found: 2（4）配置策略路由
R1配置策略路由：
[R1]acl advanced 3001 //定义扩展ACL，编号为3001
[R1-acl-ipv4-adv-3001]rule 0 permit ip source 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255
[R1-acl-ipv4-adv-3001]quit
[R1]policy-based-route al permit node 10 //配置策略路由
[R1-pbr-al-10]if-match acl 3001 //如果匹配acl 3001
[R1-pbr-al-10]apply next-hop 200.200.200.1 //下一跳指向200.200.200.1
[R1-pbr-al-10]quit
[R1]policy-based-route al permit node 20 //空节点，放行其他流量
[R1-pbr-al-20]quit
[R1]int Vlan-interface 1
[R1-Vlan-interface1]ip policy-based-route al
//在此接口下应用路由策略，因为需要做策略路由的数据包都是从这个接口下转发过来的测试pc1pingpc3，并查看nat转换表
[R1]display nat session verbose
Slot 0:
Initiator:
Source IP/port: 192.168.2.100/45824
Destination IP/port: 202.1.1.2/2048
DS-Lite tunnel peer: -
instance/VLAN ID/VLL ID: -/-/-
Protocol: ICMP(1)
Inbound interface: Vlan-interface1
Responder:
Source IP/port: 202.1.1.2/4
Destination IP/port: 200.200.200.2/0 //注意看这里
DS-Lite tunnel peer: -
instance/VLAN ID/VLL ID: -/-/-
Protocol: ICMP(1)
Inbound interface: GigabitEthernet0/1
State: ICMP_REPLY
Application: OTHER
Start time: 2019-10-29 08:01:58 TTL: 27s
Initiator->Responder: 0 packets 0 bytes
Responder->Initiator: 0 packets 0 bytes
Total sessions found: 1测试pc2pingpc3，并查看nat转换表
[R1]display nat session verbose
Slot 0:
Initiator:
Source IP/port: 192.168.3.100/43008
Destination IP/port: 202.1.1.2/2048
DS-Lite tunnel peer: -
instance/VLAN ID/VLL ID: -/-/-
Protocol: ICMP(1)
Inbound interface: Vlan-interface1
Responder:
Source IP/port: 202.1.1.2/6
Destination IP/port: 200.200.200.2/0
DS-Lite tunnel peer: -
instance/VLAN ID/VLL ID: -/-/-
Protocol: ICMP(1)
Inbound interface: GigabitEthernet0/1
State: ICMP_REPLY
Application: OTHER
Start time: 2019-10-29 08:04:55 TTL: 27s
Initiator->Responder: 0 packets 0 bytes
Responder->Initiator: 0 packets 0 bytes
Total sessions found: 1可以看到策略路由已经生效了，并且现在关闭R1路由器的G0/0和G0/1中的任何一个接口，都不会影响内网与外网的通信，可自行测试。
（5）配置NAT server映射
R1配置NAT server：
[R1]int g0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/1]nat server protocol tcp global 200.200.200.2 23 inside 192.168.3.250 23
//配置NAT映射，将内部的服务器192.168.3.250的23端口映射到全局地址200.200.200.2的23端口上server开启Telnet：
[server]telnet server enable //默认就是开启，可以省略
[server]local-user admin //创建本地用户admin
New local user added.
[server-luser-manage-admin]password simple benet //配置明文密码“benet”
[server-luser-manage-admin]service-type telnet //指定服务类型为telnet
[server-luser-manage-admin]authorization-attribute user-role level-3
//指定命令级别为3
[server-luser-manage-admin]quit
[server]user-interface vty 0 4 //进入vty线路
[server-line-vty0-4]authentication-mode scheme //配置用户的认证方式
[server-line-vty0-4]protocol inbound telnet //支持telnet
[server-line-vty0-4]quitPC3开始测试telnet server：
<pc3>Telnet 200.200.200.2 //注意是在用户视图下
//测试使用server映射出的外部地址（也就是路由器的接口地址）
Trying 200.200.200.2 ...
Press CTRL+K to abort
Connected to 200.200.200.2 ...
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