方法一

• 最常见的一种，使用json进行转换

import json
s = {"name": "张三"}
print(json.loads(s))
------

{'name': '张三'}

• 但是这种方式有可能会出现问题，例如单引号的情况

s = "{'name': '张三'}"
print(json.loads(s))
------

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/json/__init__.py", line 348, in loads
    return _default_decoder.decode(s)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/json/decoder.py", line 337, in decode
    obj, end = self.raw_decode(s, idx=_w(s, 0).end())
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/json/decoder.py", line 353, in raw_decode
    obj, end = self.scan_once(s, idx)
json.decoder.JSONDecodeError: Expecting property name enclosed in double quotes: line 1 column 2 (char 1)

方法二

• 使用eval

s = "{'name': '张三'}"
print(eval(s))
------

{'name': '张三'}

方法三

• 使用ast.literal_eval

import ast
s = "{'name': '张三'}"
print(ast.literal_eval(s))
------

{'name': '张三'}

参考链接：时光不写博客-python字符串转字典