k8s踩坑记录——证书一年有效期
kubernetes集群证书重签
依照https://github.com/strongit/kubeadm-ha/ 安装步骤，kubeadm init安装后的集群存在证书过期问题。现修复如下：
思路如下，
1、保留ca.crt ca.key front-proxy-ca.crt front-proxy-ca.key，根证书有效期十年
2、openssl重新签注
3、kubeadm alpha phase 生成config
[root@k8s-master01 pki]# cat csr.conf
[ req ]
default_bits = 2048
prompt = no
default_md = sha256
req_extensions = req_ext
distinguished_name = dn
[ dn ]
C = CN
ST = BeiJing
L = BeiJing
O = k8s
OU = System
CN = kubernetes
[ req_ext ]
subjectAltName = @alt_names
[ alt_names ]
DNS.1 = kubernetes
DNS.2 = kubernetes.default
DNS.3 = kubernetes.default.svc
DNS.4 = kubernetes.default.svc.cluster
DNS.5 = kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local
DNS.6 = k8s-master01
DNS.7 = k8s-master02
DNS.8 = k8s-master03
IP.1 = IP
IP.2 = IP
[ v3_ext ]
authorityKeyIdentifier=keyid,issuer:always
basicConstraints=CA:FALSE
keyUsage=digitalSignature,nonRepudiation,keyEncipherment,dataEncipherment
extendedKeyUsage=serverAuth,clientAuth
subjectAltName=@alt_names
openssl genrsa -out apiserver.key 2048
openssl req -new -key apiserver.key -out apiserver.csr -config csr.conf
openssl x509 -req -in apiserver.csr -CA ca.crt -CAkey ca.key -CAcreateserial -out apiserver.crt -days 10000 -extensions v3_ext -extfile csr.conf
openssl x509 -noout -text -in ./apiserver.crt |grep "Not"
openssl genrsa -out apiserver-kubelet-client.key 2048
openssl req -new -key apiserver-kubelet-client.key -out apiserver-kubelet-client.csr -config csr.conf
openssl x509 -req -in apiserver-kubelet-client.csr -CA ca.crt -CAkey ca.key -CAcreateserial -out apiserver-kubelet-client.crt -days 10000 -extensions v3_ext -extfile csr.conf
openssl x509 -noout -text -in ./apiserver-kubelet-client.crt |grep "Not"
openssl genrsa -out front-proxy-client.key 2048
openssl req -new -key front-proxy-client.key -out front-proxy-client.csr -config csr.conf
openssl x509 -req -in front-proxy-client.csr -CA front-proxy-ca.crt -CAkey front-proxy-ca.key -CAcreateserial -out front-proxy-client.crt -days 10000 -extensions v3_ext -extfile csr.conf
openssl x509 -noout -text -in ./front-proxy-client.crt |grep "Not"
kubeadm alpha phase certs all --config kubeadm-config.yaml
kubeadm alpha phase kubelet config write-to-disk --config kubeadm-config.yaml
kubeadm alpha phase kubelet write-env-file --config kubeadm-config.yaml
kubeadm alpha phase kubeconfig kubelet --config kubeadm-config.yaml
kubeadm alpha phase kubeconfig all --config kubeadm-config.yaml
kubeadm alpha phase controlplane all --config kubeadm-config.yaml
systemctl restart kubelet
kubeadm alpha phase mark-master --config kubeadm-config.yaml
cp /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf ~/.kube/config重启集群后，执行kubelet logs pods XXXX -n kube-system报错如下：Error from server (Forbidden): Forbidden (user=kubernetes, verb=get, resource=nodes, subresource=proxy) ( pods/log kube-scheduler-k8s-master01)
解决方案：kubectl create clusterrolebinding system:kubernetes --clusterrole=cluster-admin --user=system:kubernetes
ingress的tls设置
对ingress中的域名进行tls安全证书的设置步骤如下：
创建自签名的秘钥与ssl证书；
将证书保存到kubernetes集群的1个Secret资源对象上；
设置Secret资源对象到ingress中。
根据网站域名是1个还是多个，前两步的操作稍有不同，第3步操作相同，下面以多域名的操作为例：
-
生成ca证书
[root@kubenode1 ~]# mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/ingress
[root@kubenode1 ~]# cd /etc/kubernetes/ingress/
[root@kubenode1 ingress]# openssl genrsa -out ca.key 2048
[root@kubenode1 ingress]# openssl req -x509 -new -nodes -key ca.key -days 3560 -out ca.crt -subj "/CN=ingress-ca" - 修改openssl.cnf文件
#对于多域名，生成ssl证书需要使用额外的x509v3配置文件辅助；
#在[alt_names]字段中设置多域名
[root@kubenode1 ingress]# cp /etc/pki/tls/openssl.cnf .
[root@kubenode1 ingress]# vim openssl.cnf
[ req ]
#第126行，取消注释
req_extensions = v3_req # The extensions to add to a certificate request
[ v3_req ]
#Extensions to add to a certificate request
basicConstraints = CA:FALSE
keyUsage = nonRepudiation, digitalSignature, keyEncipherment
#第224行之后，新增部分
subjectAltName = @alt_names
[alt_names]
DNS.1 = nginx01-svc-tls.me
DNS.2 = nginx02-svc-tls.me
- 生成ingress ssl证书
#基于修改的openssl.cnf与ca证书生成ingress ssl证书
#生成秘钥
[root@kubenode1 ingress]# openssl genrsa -out ingress.key 2048
#生成csr文件
[root@kubenode1 ingress]# openssl req -new -key ingress.key -out ingress.csr -subj "/CN=nginx-svc-tls" -config openssl.cnf
#生成证书
[root@kubenode1 ingress]# openssl x509 -req -in ingress.csr -CA ca.crt -CAkey ca.key -CAcreateserial -out ingress.crt -days 3650 -extensions v3_req -extfile openssl.cnf
- 生成Secret资源对象
Secret对象的主要作用是保管私密数据，如：密码，OAuth Tokens，ssh Keys等信息。将私密信息存放在Secret对象中，比直接放在Pod或者Docker image中更安全，更便于使用与分发。
Secret对象创建完成之后，可通过3种方式调用：
在创建Pod时，通过为Pod指定Service Account来自动使用；
通过挂载Secret到Pod来使用；
Docker image下载时使用，通过指定Pod的spc.ImagePullSecrets来引用。
#编辑secret-ingress.yaml文件，将ingress.key与ingress.crt的内容复制到yaml文件中；
#注意1：Secret的”data”域的各子域的值必须为BASE64编码；
#注意2：复制key与crt的内容时去掉换行符，变成一行
[root@kubenode1 ingress]# cd /usr/local/src/yaml/ingress/
[root@kubenode1 ingress]# touch secret-ingress.yaml
[root@kubenode1 ingress]# vim secret-ingress.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
name: secret-ingress
#1.8.x之后使用kubernetes.io/tls替换Opaque
type: kubernetes.io/tls
data:
tls.crt: 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
tls.key: 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
#生成Secret资源对象
[root@kubenode1 ingress]# kubectl create -f secret-ingress.yaml
#以上编辑yaml文件，使用”kubectl create”命令生成Secret对象在步骤上更清晰；
#但可以利用”kubectl create secret tls”命令直接创建Secret对象
[root@kubenode1 ingress]# kubectl create secret tls secret-ingress --key /etc/kubernetes/ingress/ingress.key --cert /etc/kubernetes/ingress/ingress.crt
- 创建后端服务
#编辑后端服务nginx01-svc-tls.yaml
[root@kubenode1 ingress]# touch nginx01-svc-tls.yaml
[root@kubenode1 ingress]# vim nginx01-svc-tls.yaml
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: nginx01-tls
spec:
replicas: 1
template:
metadata:
labels:
name: nginx01-tls
spec:
containers:- name: nginx01-tls
image: nginx:latest
ports:-
containerPort: 80
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: nginx01-svc-tls
spec:
ports:
#Service服务监听的端口号 - port: 443
#后端提供真实服务的Pod提供的端口号
targetPort: 80
name: https
selector:
name: nginx01-tls
-
- name: nginx01-tls
#编辑后端服务nginx02-svc-tls.yaml
[root@kubenode1 ingress]# cp nginx01-svc-tls.yaml nginx02-svc-tls.yaml
[root@kubenode1 ingress]# sed -i 's|nginx01|nginx02|g' nginx02-svc-tls.yaml
#生成后端服务
[root@kubenode1 ingress]# kubectl create -f nginx01-svc-tls.yaml
[root@kubenode1 ingress]# kubectl create -f nginx02-svc-tls.yaml
#修改提供后端服务的nginx容器的html文件；
#通过”kubectl exec -ti <pod-name> -c <container-name> /bin/bash”进入容器修改；pod-name可通过命令”kubectl get pods -o wide”获取；container-name即yaml文件中定义的名字
[root@kubenode1 ingress]# kubectl get pods -o wide
#nginx官方容器的index.html文件在/usr/share/nginx/html/目录下
[root@kubenode1 ingress]# kubectl exec -ti nginx01-tls-59fbf6696c-qfq4k -c nginx01-tls /bin/bash
root@nginx01-tls-59fbf6696c-qfq4k:/# echo "<h1>Welcome to test site nginx01-svc-tls</h1>" > /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
root@nginx01-tls-59fbf6696c-qfq4k:/# cat /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
root@nginx01-tls-59fbf6696c-qfq4k:/# exit
[root@kubenode1 ingress]# kubectl exec -ti nginx02-tls-5559fd9bc7-dfbrp -c nginx02-tls /bin/bash
root@nginx02-tls-5559fd9bc7-dfbrp:/# echo "<h1>Welcome to test site nginx02-svc-tls</h1>" > /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
root@nginx02-tls-5559fd9bc7-dfbrp:/# cat /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
root@nginx02-tls-5559fd9bc7-dfbrp:/# exit
- 创建ingress对象
复制代码
#编辑ingress对象yaml文件；
#在”spec”域下新增“tls”子域，”hosts”字段加入多域名，“secretName”字段调用对应的Secret资源；
#1个ingress对象只能使用1个Secret对象（“secretName”字段value唯一），即只能使用1个证书，该正式需要支持”hosts”字段下所有域名；
#“secretName”字段一定要置于域名列表最后的位置；
#”hosts”字段的域名需要匹配”rules”字段域名；
#ingress默认情况下，当不配置证书或者证书配置错误时，会默认给出一个tls证书；如“secretName”字段配置了2个值，则所有域名采用默认证书；如”hosts”字段少配置一个域名，缺失的域名会采用默认证书；
#更新ingress证书可能需要等待一段时间才能生效
[root@kubenode1 ingress]# touch nginx-svc-tls-ingress.yaml
[root@kubenode1 ingress]# vim nginx-svc-tls-ingress.yaml
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
name: ingress-tls
spec:
tls:- hosts:
- nginx01-svc-tls.me
- nginx02-svc-tls.me
secretName: secret-ingress
rules: - host: nginx01-svc-tls.me
http:
paths:- backend:
serviceName: nginx01-svc-tls
#后端服务监听端口，区别于提供真实服务的容器监听端口
servicePort: 443
- backend:
- host: nginx02-svc-tls.me
http:
paths:- backend:
serviceName: nginx02-svc-tls
servicePort: 443
- backend:
#生成ingress对象
[root@kubenode1 ingress]# kubectl create -f nginx-svc-tls-ingress.yaml
[root@kubenode1 ingress]# kubectl get ingress
- 验证
#采用--resolve参数模拟dns解析，目标地址为域名；
#http访问时被重定向，采用https访问正常
[root@kubenode1 ingress]# curl --resolve nginx01-svc-tls.me:80:172.30.200.21 http://nginx01-svc-tls.me
[root@kubenode1 ingress]# curl --resolve nginx01-svc-tls.me:443:172.30.200.21 -k https://nginx01-svc-tls.me
#或者采用-H参数设置http头中需要访问的域名，目标地址为ip地址
[root@kubenode1 ingress]# curl -H 'Host:nginx01-svc-tls.me' -k https://172.30.200.23
[root@kubenode1 ingress]# curl -H 'Host:nginx02-svc-tls.me' -k https://172.30.200.23
在本地浏览器访问host主机（注意提前绑定域名）：http://nginx01-svc-tls.me
采用http访问，重定向自动跳转为https访问
