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0032-如何在CDH启用Kerberos的情况下安装及使用Sentry(二)

日期：2018-11-21点击：409收藏

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5.Sentry列权限管理

1.在集群所有节点添加fayson_r用户

[root@ip-172-31-6-148 cdh-shell-bak]# useradd fayson_r [root@ip-172-31-6-148 cdh-shell-bak]# id fayson_r uid=504(fayson_r) gid=504(fayson_r) groups=504(fayson_r) [root@ip-172-31-6-148 cdh-shell-bak]#

2.创建Kerberos用户fayson_r

[root@ip-172-31-6-148 ~]# kadmin.local Authenticating as principal hive/admin@FAYSON.COM with password. kadmin.local: addprinc fayson_r@FAYSON.COM WARNING: no policy specified for fayson_r@FAYSON.COM; defaulting to no policy Enter password for principal "fayson_r@FAYSON.COM": Re-enter password for principal "fayson_r@FAYSON.COM": Principal "fayson_r@FAYSON.COM" created. kadmin.local:

3.使用hive用户登录Kerberos

使用beeline连接HiveServer2，创建columnread角色并授权test表s1列的读权限，将columnread角色授权给fayson_r用户组

[root@ip-172-31-6-148 ~]# klist Ticket cache: FILE:/tmp/krb5cc_0 Default principal: hive/ip-172-31-6-148.fayson.com@FAYSON.COM Valid starting Expires Service principal 09/07/17 15:27:58 09/08/17 15:27:58 krbtgt/FAYSON.COM@FAYSON.COM renew until 09/12/17 15:27:58 [root@ip-172-31-6-148 ~]# beeline Beeline version 1.1.0-cdh5.12.1 by Apache Hive beeline> create role columnread; No current connection beeline> !connect jdbc:hive2://localhost:10000/;principal=hive/ip-172-31-6-148.fayson.com@FAYSON.COM ... 0: jdbc:hive2://localhost:10000/> create role columnread; ... INFO : OK No rows affected (0.183 seconds) 0: jdbc:hive2://localhost:10000/> grant select(s1) on table test to role columnread; ... INFO : OK No rows affected (0.105 seconds) 0: jdbc:hive2://localhost:10000/> grant role columnread to group fayson_r; ... INFO : OK No rows affected (0.105 seconds) 0: jdbc:hive2://localhost:10000/>

4.fayson_r用户测试

使用fayson_r登录Kerberos，通过beeline连接HiveServer2

[root@ip-172-31-6-148 ~]# kdestroy [root@ip-172-31-6-148 ~]# kinit fayson_r Password for fayson_r@FAYSON.COM: [root@ip-172-31-6-148 ~]# klist Ticket cache: FILE:/tmp/krb5cc_0 Default principal: fayson_r@FAYSON.COM Valid starting Expires Service principal 09/08/17 03:16:47 09/09/17 03:16:47 krbtgt/FAYSON.COM@FAYSON.COM renew until 09/15/17 03:16:47 [root@ip-172-31-6-148 ~]# beeline Beeline version 1.1.0-cdh5.12.1 by Apache Hive beeline> !connect jdbc:hive2://localhost:10000/;principal=hive/ip-172-31-6-148.fayson.com@FAYSON.COM scan complete in 2ms Connecting to jdbc:hive2://localhost:10000/;principal=hive/ip-172-31-6-148.fayson.com@FAYSON.COM Connected to: Apache Hive (version 1.1.0-cdh5.12.1) Driver: Hive JDBC (version 1.1.0-cdh5.12.1) Transaction isolation: TRANSACTION_REPEATABLE_READ 0: jdbc:hive2://localhost:10000/> show databases; ... INFO : OK +----------------+--+ | database_name | +----------------+--+ | default | +----------------+--+ 1 row selected (0.336 seconds) 0: jdbc:hive2://localhost:10000/> show tables; ... INFO : OK +-----------+--+ | tab_name | +-----------+--+ | test | +-----------+--+ 1 row selected (0.202 seconds) 0: jdbc:hive2://localhost:10000/> select * from test; Error: Error while compiling statement: FAILED: SemanticException No valid privileges User fayson_r does not have privileges for QUERY The required privileges: Server=server1->Db=default->Table=test->Column=s2->action=select; (state=42000,code=40000) 0: jdbc:hive2://localhost:10000/> select s1 from test; ... INFO : OK +---------+--+ | s1 | +---------+--+ | a | | 1 | | 111 | | a | | 1 | | 2 | | testaa | | 1 | | 2 | | 3 | | 222 | +---------+--+ 11 rows selected (0.433 seconds) 0: jdbc:hive2://localhost:10000/> select count(*) from test; Error: Error while compiling statement: FAILED: SemanticException No valid privileges User fayson_r does not have privileges for QUERY The required privileges: Server=server1->Db=default->Table=test->action=select; (state=42000,code=40000) 0: jdbc:hive2://localhost:10000/> select count(s1) from test; ... INFO : OK +------+--+ | _c0 | +------+--+ | 11 | +------+--+ 1 row selected (33.012 seconds) 0: jdbc:hive2://localhost:10000/>

5.浏览HDFS目录

[root@ip-172-31-6-148 ~]# klist Ticket cache: FILE:/tmp/krb5cc_0 Default principal: fayson_r@FAYSON.COM Valid starting Expires Service principal 09/08/17 03:16:47 09/09/17 03:16:47 krbtgt/FAYSON.COM@FAYSON.COM renew until 09/15/17 03:16:47 [root@ip-172-31-6-148 ~]# hadoop fs -ls /user/hive/warehouse ls: Permission denied: user=fayson_r, access=READ_EXECUTE, inode="/user/hive/warehouse":hive:hive:drwxrwx--x [root@ip-172-31-6-148 ~]# hadoop fs -ls /user/hive/warehouse/test ls: Permission denied: user=fayson_r, access=READ_EXECUTE, inode="/user/hive/warehouse/test":hive:hive:drwxrwx--x [root@ip-172-31-6-148 ~]#

6.使用admin用户登录Hue，创建fayson_r用户

使用fayson_r用户登录

不能对test表所有列进行查询

可以对test表的s1列进行查询

不能通过File Brwoser浏览test表的数据目录/user/hive/warehouse/test

测试总结：

fayson_r用户所属用户组为fayson_r，该组只拥有对test表s1列的读权限，因此在select和count的时候只能对s1列进行select和count，fayson_r用户无权限浏览/user/hive/warehouse下的所有目录；使用hue只能对test表s1列进行select和count操作，无权限浏览/user/hive/warehouse目录及目录下所有子目录。

注意：Sentry只支持SELECT的列授权，不能用于INSERT和ALL的列授权。

6.备注

在集群启用Sentry服务后，由于Sentry不支持Hive CLI权限管理，所以建议禁用Hive CLI。

如何限制用户使用Hive CLI操作

进入Hive服务，修改hadoop.proxyuser.hive.group配置，此配置会覆盖HDFS服务中hive代理用户组配置，默认值为空则继承HDFS服务中的hive代理用户配置

以上配置表示hue、hive、impala用户组可以使用Hive CLI，配置完成重启Hive及其相关服务。

注：如果配置为空则表示禁止所有用户组，需要注意配置为空会导致Hue不可用，hive用户不能通过beeline和Hive CLI访问Hive。

2.测试配置是否生效

l 使用hive用户登录Kerberos，然后使用Hive CLI操作

[root@ip-172-31-6-148 251-hive-HIVEMETASTORE]# kinit -kt hive.keytab hive/ip-172-31-6-148.fayson.com@FAYSON.COM [root@ip-172-31-6-148 251-hive-HIVEMETASTORE]# klist Ticket cache: FILE:/tmp/krb5cc_0 Default principal: hive/ip-172-31-6-148.fayson.com@FAYSON.COM Valid starting Expires Service principal 09/07/17 13:33:21 09/08/17 13:33:21 krbtgt/FAYSON.COM@FAYSON.COM renew until 09/12/17 13:33:21 [root@ip-172-31-6-148 251-hive-HIVEMETASTORE]#

登录Hive CLI，进行SQL操作

[root@ip-172-31-6-148 251-hive-HIVEMETASTORE]# hive ... hive> show databases; OK default Time taken: 1.881 seconds, Fetched: 1 row(s) hive> show tables; OK test test_hive_delimiter test_table Time taken: 0.034 seconds, Fetched: 3 row(s) hive> select * from test; OK a b 1 2 111 222 a b 1 2 2 333 testaa testbbb 1 test 2 fayson 3 zhangsan 222 2323 Time taken: 0.477 seconds, Fetched: 11 row(s) hive> select count(*) from test; ... OK 11 Time taken: 31.143 seconds, Fetched: 1 row(s) hive>

使用hue用户登录Kerberos进行测试

[root@ip-172-31-6-148 259-hue-HUE_SERVER]# kdestroy [root@ip-172-31-6-148 259-hue-HUE_SERVER]# kinit -kt hue.keytab hue/ip-172-31-6-148.fayson.com@FAYSON.COM [root@ip-172-31-6-148 259-hue-HUE_SERVER]# klist Ticket cache: FILE:/tmp/krb5cc_0 Default principal: hue/ip-172-31-6-148.fayson.com@FAYSON.COM Valid starting Expires Service principal 09/07/17 13:37:22 09/08/17 13:37:22 krbtgt/FAYSON.COM@FAYSON.COM renew until 09/12/17 13:37:22 [root@ip-172-31-6-148 259-hue-HUE_SERVER]#

通过Hive CLI操作

[root@ip-172-31-6-148 259-hue-HUE_SERVER]# hive ... hive> show databases; OK default Time taken: 1.892 seconds, Fetched: 1 row(s) hive> show tables; OK test test_hive_delimiter test_table Time taken: 0.036 seconds, Fetched: 3 row(s) hive> select * from test; FAILED: SemanticException Unable to determine if hdfs://ip-172-31-6-148.fayson.com:8020/user/hive/warehouse/test is encrypted: org.apache.hadoop.security.AccessControlException: Permission denied: user=hue, access=READ, inode="/user/hive/warehouse/test":hive:hive:drwxrwx--x at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.DefaultAuthorizationProvider.checkAccessAcl(DefaultAuthorizationProvider.java:363) at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.DefaultAuthorizationProvider.check(DefaultAuthorizationProvider.java:256) at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.DefaultAuthorizationProvider.checkPermission(DefaultAuthorizationProvider.java:168) at org.apache.sentry.hdfs.SentryAuthorizationProvider.checkPermission(SentryAuthorizationProvider.java:178) at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSPermissionChecker.checkPermission(FSPermissionChecker.java:152) at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSDirectory.checkPermission(FSDirectory.java:3530) at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSDirectory.checkPermission(FSDirectory.java:3513) at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSDirectory.checkPathAccess(FSDirectory.java:3484) at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.checkPathAccess(FSNamesystem.java:6624) at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.getEZForPath(FSNamesystem.java:9267) at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNodeRpcServer.getEZForPath(NameNodeRpcServer.java:1637) at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.AuthorizationProviderProxyClientProtocol.getEZForPath(AuthorizationProviderProxyClientProtocol.java:928) at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocolPB.ClientNamenodeProtocolServerSideTranslatorPB.getEZForPath(ClientNamenodeProtocolServerSideTranslatorPB.java:1360) at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocol.proto.ClientNamenodeProtocolProtos$ClientNamenodeProtocol$2.callBlockingMethod(ClientNamenodeProtocolProtos.java) at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.ProtobufRpcEngine$Server$ProtoBufRpcInvoker.call(ProtobufRpcEngine.java:617) at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RPC$Server.call(RPC.java:1073) at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler$1.run(Server.java:2217) at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler$1.run(Server.java:2213) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at javax.security.auth.Subject.doAs(Subject.java:415) at org.apache.hadoop.security.UserGroupInformation.doAs(UserGroupInformation.java:1917) at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler.run(Server.java:2211) hive>

使用impala用户登录Kerberos测试

[root@ip-172-31-6-148 253-impala-STATESTORE]# kdestroy [root@ip-172-31-6-148 253-impala-STATESTORE]# kinit -kt impala.keytab impala/ip-172-31-6-148.fayson.com@FAYSON.COM [root@ip-172-31-6-148 253-impala-STATESTORE]# klist Ticket cache: FILE:/tmp/krb5cc_0 Default principal: impala/ip-172-31-6-148.fayson.com@FAYSON.COM Valid starting Expires Service principal 09/07/17 13:41:25 09/08/17 13:41:25 krbtgt/FAYSON.COM@FAYSON.COM renew until 09/12/17 13:41:25 [root@ip-172-31-6-148 253-impala-STATESTORE]#

使用Hive CLI操作

[root@ip-172-31-6-148 253-impala-STATESTORE]# hive ... hive> show databases; OK default Time taken: 1.941 seconds, Fetched: 1 row(s) hive> show tables; OK test test_hive_delimiter test_table Time taken: 0.037 seconds, Fetched: 3 row(s) hive> select * from test; OK a b 1 2 111 222 a b 1 2 2 333 testaa testbbb 1 test 2 fayson 3 zhangsan 222 2323 Time taken: 0.523 seconds, Fetched: 11 row(s) hive>

使用fayson用户测试，此用户被禁止使用HiveCLI

使用fayson用户登录Kerberos测试

[root@ip-172-31-6-148 ~]# kdestroy [root@ip-172-31-6-148 ~]# kinit fayson Password for fayson@FAYSON.COM: [root@ip-172-31-6-148 ~]# klist Ticket cache: FILE:/tmp/krb5cc_0 Default principal: fayson@FAYSON.COM Valid starting Expires Service principal 09/07/17 13:44:29 09/08/17 13:44:29 krbtgt/FAYSON.COM@FAYSON.COM renew until 09/14/17 13:44:29 [root@ip-172-31-6-148 ~]#

使用Hive CLI操作

[root@ip-172-31-6-148 ~]# hive ... hive> show databases; FAILED: SemanticException org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.HiveException: org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.HiveException: org.apache.thrift.transport.TTransportException: java.net.SocketException: Connection reset hive> show tables; FAILED: SemanticException org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.HiveException: org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.HiveException: org.apache.thrift.transport.TTransportException: java.net.SocketException: Connection reset hive>

测试总结：

通过Hive配置（hadoop.proxyuser.hive.groups）可以限制用户组使用HiveCLI访问Hive，未配置在内的用户组是不可以通过Hive CLI访问（如fayson用户）。在测试中发现impala和hive用户可以通过Hive CLI访问hive表并未受权限控制，而hue用户只能show databases和show tables不能select表。报HDFS访问权限异常，由于hive表的属主均为hive，hive和impala用户都属于hive组，hue用户不属于hive组导致。