记录一些自己的心得以及方法，本着共同学习，互相进步为目的。本次总结了keepalived主备简单的配置，欢迎大家评论留言（以下是keepalived主备简单配置的方法，均在试验机上操作，并且在实际工程环境中有验证过，目前配置过的OS有centos7.7）。 **一、环境介绍：** 1、系统环境： ``` root@test1:/root>cat /etc/redhat-release CentOS Linux release 7.7.1908 (Core) root@test1:/root> ``` 2、主机环境： MASTER: ``` root@test1:/root>hostname -I 192.168.100.10 root@test1:/root> ``` BACKUP: ``` root@test2:/root>hostname -I 192.168.100.20 root@test2:/root ``` **二、配置keepalived操作：** 1、分别登录192.168.100.10、192.168.100.20，确定主机上安装了keepalived： ``` root@test1:/root>rpm -qa|grep keepalived keepalived-1.3.5-16.el7.x86_64 root@test1:/root> ``` 2、若没有安装keepalived，则进行一下操作： ``` root@test1:/root>rpm -e keepalived-1.3.5-16.el7.x86_64 root@test1:/root>rpm -qa|grep keepalived root@test1:/root> root@test1:/root>cd /tmp root@test1:/tmp>rz -e rz waiting to receive. Starting zmodem transfer. Press Ctrl+C to cancel. Transferring keepalived-1.2.13-6.el7.x86_64.rpm... 100% 223 KB 223 KB/sec 00:00:01 0 Errors root@test1:/tmp>ls -ltr total 224 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 228672 Jun 23 10:53 keepalived-1.2.13-6.el7.x86_64.rpm root@test1:/tmp> root@test1:/tmp> root@test1:/tmp> root@test1:/tmp>rpm -ivh keepalived-1.2.13-6.el7.x86_64.rpm warning: keepalived-1.2.13-6.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY Preparing... ################################# [100%] Updating / installing... 1:keepalived-1.2.13-6.el7 ################################# [100%] root@test1:/tmp> ``` 3、配置keepalived： MATER： ``` root@test1:/etc/keepalived>ls -ltr total 8 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3562 Jun 23 10:54 keepalived.conf.bak -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3516 Jun 23 10:55 keepalived.conf root@test1:/etc/keepalived>vi keepalived.conf ...... vrrp_instance VI_1 { state MASTER //主用则为master，备用为backup interface ens37 //根据实际情况修改为对应的网口 virtual_router_id 51 priority 100 advert_int 1 authentication { auth_type PASS auth_pass 1111 } virtual_ipaddress { 192.168.100.9 //根据实际情况修改为浮动IP } ...... ``` BACKUP： ``` root@test2:/tmp>cd /etc/keepalived/ root@test2:/etc/keepalived>cp keepalived.conf keepalived.conf.bak root@test1:/etc/keepalived>ls -ltr total 8 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3562 Mar 6 2015 keepalived.conf -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3562 Jun 23 10:59 keepalived.conf.bak root@test2:/etc/keepalived>vi keepalived.conf vrrp_instance VI_1 { state BACKUP //主用则为master，备用为backup interface ens33 //根据实际情况修改为对应的网口 virtual_router_id 51 priority 50 //优先级修改为50，比主用的优先级小就行 advert_int 1 authentication { auth_type PASS auth_pass 1111 } virtual_ipaddress { 192.168.100.9 //根据实际情况修改为浮动IP } ``` 4、启动服务： MASTER： ``` root@test1:/etc/keepalived>service keepalived start Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start keepalived.service root@test1:/etc/keepalived>ps -ef | grep keepalived root 2752 1 0 16:35 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D root 2753 2752 0 16:35 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D root 2754 2752 0 16:35 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D root 2920 2435 0 16:52 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto keepalived root@test1:/etc/keepalived> ``` BACKUP： ``` root@test2:/etc/keepalived>service keepalived start Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start keepalived.service root@test1:/etc/keepalived>ps -ef|grep keepalived root 2104 1 0 11:06 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D root 2105 2104 0 11:06 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D root 2106 2104 0 11:06 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D root 2108 1798 0 11:06 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto keepalived root@test1:/etc/keepalived> ``` 5、加入开机自启动（两台都操作）： ``` root@test2:/etc/keepalived>systemctl list-unit-files |grep keepalived keepalived.service disabled root@test2:/etc/keepalived>chkconfig keepalived on Note: Forwarding request to 'systemctl enable keepalived.service'. Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/keepalived.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service. root@test2:/etc/keepalived>systemctl list-unit-files |grep keepalived keepalived.service enabled root@test2:/etc/keepalived> ``` 6、检查主keepalived是否有浮动IP： 在主用上有浮动IP即为配置正常，现象如下： ``` root@test1:/etc/keepalived>ip a 1: lo:
mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: ens33:
mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:d1:5f:bc brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 3: ens37:
mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:d1:5f:c6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.100.10/24 brd 192.168.100.255 scope global ens37 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet 192.168.100.9/32 scope global ens37 //MASTER上有浮动IP即为正常 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fed1:5fc6/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever root@test1:/etc/keepalived> ``` **三、测试：** 1、宕机主用keepalived，浮动切到备用上，现象如下： ``` root@test1:/etc/keepalived>service keepalived stop Redirecting to /bin/systemctl stop keepalived.service root@test1:/etc/keepalived>ps -ef|grep keepalived root 2177 1798 0 11:08 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto keepalived root@test1:/etc/keepalived> ``` ``` root@test2:/etc/keepalived>ip a ...... 2: ens33:
mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:d1:5f:bc brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.100.20/24 brd 192.168.100.255 scope global noprefixroute ens33 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet 192.168.100.9/32 scope global ens33 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::8c23:eb29:ae15:f2d6/64 scope link noprefixroute valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever root@test2:/etc/keepalived> ``` 由以上可以看出，浮动192.168.100.9已经切到backup上。 2、接着把master上的keepalive起来： ``` root@test1:/etc/keepalived>service keepalived start Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start keepalived.service root@test1:/etc/keepalived>ps -ef|grep keepalived root 2200 1 0 11:10 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D root 2201 2200 0 11:10 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D root 2202 2200 0 11:10 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D root 2204 1798 0 11:11 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto keepalived root@test1:/etc/keepalived>ip a ...... 3: ens37:
mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:d1:5f:c6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.100.10/24 brd 192.168.100.255 scope global ens37 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet 192.168.100.9/32 scope global ens37 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fed1:5fc6/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever root@test1:/etc/keepalived> ``` 把master上的keepalived起来后，浮动切回master上，因为priority优先级高。
