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golang主流高性能web框架性能测试

日期:2019-10-20点击:433

测试目的

由于K8s缘故涉猎go语言,发现golang的web框架很多,都号称高性能标杆;之前一直致力于c++高性能服务端框架研究,出于好奇,想单从性能层面客观比较一下go的众多web框架,另一方面也希望看看c++的实现与go语言实现之间究竟存在多大差异。

高性能服务框架评估指标很多,但一般来讲吞吐量与QPS是关键考量指标,吞吐量衡量带宽利用率,QPS主要考验框架调度性能(几乎所有可称之为“高性能”的服务框架都没有吞吐量问题,毕竟网络瓶颈很轻易就达到了)。由于是框架本身QPS测试,为了屏蔽http协议实现差异选择最精简的协议头(协议处理一般不会有锁,为cpu密集型),因此要求请求/返回报文尽可能小,本文测试基于http协议,返回空报文。

为了实现测试的第二个目的,特将一个自撸的c++服务框架作为c++实现的”砖头”,加入到对比测试中。此框架尚未开源,其高性能特性保障体现在如下设计上:

  • 跨平台实现socket多路复用,支持:poll、epoll、kqueue、port、select、IOCP等模型
  • 采用lock-free算法
  • 线程池设计
  • socket连接池
  • 多级任务队列
    ……

PS:

好吧,这样一来貌似更接近测试socket服务框架调度性能…… 不要纠结keep-alive,因为wrk使用HTTP/1.1,默认都是keep-alive的 

测试环境

env

环境设置

ulimit -n 2000

压测工具

wrk
由于环境限制,只能wrk客户端和待测试服务端在一台机器上运行

c++自研框架

  • 启动脚本:(最大2000个并发连接,2个线程处理,http端口8080)
    ./proxy_server -i2000 -o2000 -w2 -x8080
  • 如有条件测试linux系统可自行下载服务端(选择对应平台的包):github.com/lazy-luo/smarGate
  • http返回报文:
$ curl -i http://localhost:8080/ HTTP/1.1 200 OK Content-Length: 0 Connection: keep-alive
  • 压测结果:
$wrk -d 100s -c 1024 -t 8 http://localhost:8080/ Running 2m test @ http://localhost:8080/ 8 threads and 1024 connections Thread Stats Avg Stdev Max +/- Stdev Latency 13.03ms 3.80ms 100.73ms 86.97% Req/Sec 9.43k 1.64k 39.35k 88.23% 7509655 requests in 1.67m, 444.03MB read Socket errors: connect 0, read 794, write 2, timeout 0 Requests/sec: 75018.11 Transfer/sec: 4.44MB
  • 资源占用:
    proxy_server

go-restful框架:

  • main_go-restful.go
package main import ( "github.com/emicklei/go-restful" "net/http" ) func main(){ ws := new(restful.WebService) ws.Route(ws.GET("/").To(hello)) restful.Add(ws) http.ListenAndServe(":8080",nil) } func hello(req *restful.Request,resp *restful.Response){ resp.Write([]byte("")) }
  • http返回报文:
$curl -i http://localhost:8080/ HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Mon, 21 Oct 2019 03:54:27 GMT Content-Length: 0
  • 压测结果:
$wrk -d 100s -c 1024 -t 8 http://localhost:8080/ Running 2m test @ http://localhost:8080/ 8 threads and 1024 connections Thread Stats Avg Stdev Max +/- Stdev Latency 19.72ms 10.57ms 331.94ms 87.67% Req/Sec 6.52k 1.24k 23.75k 80.42% 5180908 requests in 1.67m, 370.57MB read Socket errors: connect 0, read 844, write 3, timeout 0 Requests/sec: 51757.61 Transfer/sec: 3.70MB
  • 资源占用:
    go_restful

go-echo框架:

  • main_go-echo.go
package main import ( "net/http" "github.com/labstack/echo" ) func main() { e := echo.New() e.GET("/", func(c echo.Context) error { return c.String(http.StatusOK, "") }) e.Logger.Fatal(e.Start(":8080")) }
  • http返回报文:
$ curl -i http://localhost:8080/ HTTP/1.1 200 OK Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Date: Mon, 21 Oct 2019 04:09:24 GMT Content-Length: 0
  • 压测结果:
$ wrk -d 100s -c 1024 -t 8 http://localhost:8080/ Running 2m test @ http://localhost:8080/ 8 threads and 1024 connections Thread Stats Avg Stdev Max +/- Stdev Latency 17.32ms 8.19ms 252.60ms 90.70% Req/Sec 7.52k 1.35k 39.96k 80.55% 5974370 requests in 1.67m, 660.92MB read Socket errors: connect 0, read 431, write 67, timeout 0 Requests/sec: 59686.09 Transfer/sec: 6.60MB
  • 资源占用:
    go_echo

go-iris框架:

  • main_go-iris.go
package main import( "time" "github.com/kataras/iris" "github.com/kataras/iris/cache" ) func main(){ app := iris.New() app.Logger().SetLevel("error") app.Get("/",cache.Handler(10*time.Second),writeMarkdown) app.Run(iris.Addr(":8080")) } func writeMarkdown(ctx iris.Context){ ctx.Markdown([]byte("")) }
  • http返回报文:
$ curl -i http://localhost:8080/ HTTP/1.1 200 OK Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 Date: Mon, 21 Oct 2019 04:11:59 GMT Content-Length: 0
  • 压测结果:
$ wrk -d 100s -c 1024 -t 8 http://localhost:8080/ Running 2m test @ http://localhost:8080/ 8 threads and 1024 connections Thread Stats Avg Stdev Max +/- Stdev Latency 22.03ms 7.99ms 140.47ms 84.58% Req/Sec 5.79k 775.23 19.31k 80.35% 4608572 requests in 1.67m, 505.43MB read Socket errors: connect 0, read 726, write 22, timeout 0 Requests/sec: 46041.23 Transfer/sec: 5.05MB
  • 资源占用:
    go_iris

go-gin框架

  • main_go-gin.go
package main import ( "fmt" "net/http" "log" "github.com/julienschmidt/httprouter" ) func Index(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, _ httprouter.Params) { fmt.Fprint(w, "") } func main() { router := httprouter.New() router.GET("/", Index) log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe(":8080", router)) }
  • http返回报文:
$ curl -i http://localhost:8080/ HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Mon, 21 Oct 2019 04:15:33 GMT Content-Length: 0
  • 压测结果:
$ wrk -d 100s -c 1024 -t 8 http://localhost:8080/ Running 2m test @ http://localhost:8080/ 8 threads and 1024 connections Thread Stats Avg Stdev Max +/- Stdev Latency 16.71ms 7.72ms 268.45ms 87.79% Req/Sec 7.71k 1.58k 21.27k 82.12% 6130281 requests in 1.67m, 438.47MB read Socket errors: connect 0, read 693, write 36, timeout 0 Requests/sec: 61243.74 Transfer/sec: 4.38MB
  • 资源占用:
    go_gin

go-chi框架:

  • main_go-chi.go
package main import ( "net/http" "github.com/go-chi/chi" ) func main() { r := chi.NewRouter() r.Get("/", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { w.Write([]byte("")) }) http.ListenAndServe(":8080", r) }
  • http返回报文:
$ curl -i http://localhost:8080/ HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Mon, 21 Oct 2019 04:18:42 GMT Content-Length: 0
  • 压测结果:
$ wrk -d 100s -c 1024 -t 8 http://localhost:8080/ Running 2m test @ http://localhost:8080/ 8 threads and 1024 connections Thread Stats Avg Stdev Max +/- Stdev Latency 17.17ms 8.47ms 253.47ms 90.07% Req/Sec 7.65k 1.42k 26.08k 79.76% 6071695 requests in 1.67m, 434.28MB read Socket errors: connect 0, read 110, write 2, timeout 0 Requests/sec: 60658.49 Transfer/sec: 4.34MB
  • 资源占用:
    go_chi

结论:

- cpu-free mem-usage qps
c++ 15%-20% 6M 75018.11
go-gin 0%-1.5% 28M 61243.74
go-chi 0%-1% 28M 60658.49
go-echo 0%-0.5% 28M 59686.09
go-restful 0%-0.5% 34M 51757.61
go-iris 0%-1% 37M 46041.23
  • go语言web框架中gin、chi、echo性能相当,gin略显优势,iris实测效果不佳;
  • go语言与c++语言网络框架比较还是存在一定性能差距,但不是决定性的;
  • go语言整体资源耗用大,c++足够轻量高效;
  • go语言真的很易用且简洁!!就是三方依赖太多 ,拿来主义,问题排查那是相当酸爽...... 当然,随着依赖包升级你会一直爽 :)
原文链接:https://yq.aliyun.com/articles/721540
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