centos6.x 使用raid5构建lvm逻辑卷
1、将之前实验环境还原:
a、利用umount先卸载之前挂载的文件系统;
b、修改/etc/fstab里面的数据,让开机不会自动挂载;
c、利用fdisk将该分区删除;
整合raid5和lvm实验
实验环境:
一块6G的盘,分成5个分区,每个分区1G。
其中4个作为active态,一个为spare态。
fdisk -l
开始磁盘分区:
- Disk /dev/sdd: 6442 MB, 6442450944 bytes
- 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 783 cylinders
- Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
- Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- Disk identifier: 0x00000000
- [root@srcxtts ~]# fdisk /dev/sdd
- Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
- Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x95cc4770.
- Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
- After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.
- Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
- WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
- switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
- sectors (command 'u').
- Command (m for help): p
- Disk /dev/sdd: 6442 MB, 6442450944 bytes
- 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 783 cylinders
- Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
- Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- Disk identifier: 0x95cc4770
- Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
- Command (m for help): n
- Command action
- e extended
- p primary partition (1-4)
- p
- Partition number (1-4): 1
- First cylinder (1-783, default 1):
- Using default value 1
- Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-783, default 783): +1G
- Command (m for help): p
- Disk /dev/sdd: 6442 MB, 6442450944 bytes
- 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 783 cylinders
- Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
- Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- Disk identifier: 0x95cc4770
- Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
- /dev/sdd1 1 132 1060258+ 83 Linux
- Command (m for help): n
- Command action
- e extended
- p primary partition (1-4)
- p
- Partition number (1-4): 2
- First cylinder (133-783, default 133):
- Using default value 133
- Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (133-783, default 783): +1G
- Command (m for help): p
- Disk /dev/sdd: 6442 MB, 6442450944 bytes
- 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 783 cylinders
- Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
- Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- Disk identifier: 0x95cc4770
- Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
- /dev/sdd1 1 132 1060258+ 83 Linux
- /dev/sdd2 133 264 1060290 83 Linux
- Command (m for help): n
- Command action
- e extended
- p primary partition (1-4)
- p
- Partition number (1-4): 3
- First cylinder (265-783, default 265):
- Using default value 265
- Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (265-783, default 783): +1G
- Command (m for help): p
- Disk /dev/sdd: 6442 MB, 6442450944 bytes
- 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 783 cylinders
- Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
- Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- Disk identifier: 0x95cc4770
- Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
- /dev/sdd1 1 132 1060258+ 83 Linux
- /dev/sdd2 133 264 1060290 83 Linux
- /dev/sdd3 265 396 1060290 83 Linux
- Command (m for help): n
- Command action
- e extended
- p primary partition (1-4)
- e
- Selected partition 4
- First cylinder (397-783, default 397):
- Using default value 397
- Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (397-783, default 783):
- Using default value 783
- Command (m for help): p
- Disk /dev/sdd: 6442 MB, 6442450944 bytes
- 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 783 cylinders
- Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
- Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- Disk identifier: 0x95cc4770
- Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
- /dev/sdd1 1 132 1060258+ 83 Linux
- /dev/sdd2 133 264 1060290 83 Linux
- /dev/sdd3 265 396 1060290 83 Linux
- /dev/sdd4 397 783 3108577+ 5 Extended
- Command (m for help): n
- First cylinder (397-783, default 397):
- Using default value 397
- Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (397-783, default 783): +1G
- Command (m for help): p
- Disk /dev/sdd: 6442 MB, 6442450944 bytes
- 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 783 cylinders
- Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
- Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- Disk identifier: 0x95cc4770
- Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
- /dev/sdd1 1 132 1060258+ 83 Linux
- /dev/sdd2 133 264 1060290 83 Linux
- /dev/sdd3 265 396 1060290 83 Linux
- /dev/sdd4 397 783 3108577+ 5 Extended
- /dev/sdd5 397 528 1060258+ 83 Linux
- Command (m for help): n
- First cylinder (529-783, default 529):
- Using default value 529
- Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (529-783, default 783): +1G
- Command (m for help): p
- Disk /dev/sdd: 6442 MB, 6442450944 bytes
- 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 783 cylinders
- Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
- Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- Disk identifier: 0x95cc4770
- Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
- /dev/sdd1 1 132 1060258+ 83 Linux
- /dev/sdd2 133 264 1060290 83 Linux
- /dev/sdd3 265 396 1060290 83 Linux
- /dev/sdd4 397 783 3108577+ 5 Extended
- /dev/sdd5 397 528 1060258+ 83 Linux
- /dev/sdd6 529 660 1060258+ 83 Linux
- Command (m for help): w
- The partition table has been altered!
- Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
- Syncing disks.
2、创建raid5磁盘
- [root@srcxtts ~]# mdadm --create --auto=yes /dev/md0 --level=5 \
- > --raid-devices=4 --spare-devices=1 /dev/sdd{1,2,3,5,6}
- mdadm: Defaulting to version 1.2 metadata
- mdadm: array /dev/md0 started.
- [root@srcxtts ~]# ll /dev/md0
- brw-rw----. 1 root disk 9, 0 5月 10 09:26 /dev/md0
- [root@srcxtts ~]# cat /proc/mdstat
- Personalities : [raid6] [raid5] [raid4]
- md0 : active raid5 sdd5[5] sdd6[4](S) sdd3[2] sdd2[1] sdd1[0]
- 3176448 blocks super 1.2 level 5, 512k chunk, algorithm 2 [4/4] [UUUU]
- unused devices: <none>
3、对raid5磁盘/dev/md0创建pv
- [root@srcxtts ~]# pvcreate /dev/md0
- Physical volume "/dev/md0" successfully created
- [root@srcxtts ~]# pvdisplay /dev/md0
- "/dev/md0" is a new physical volume of "3.03 GiB"
- --- NEW Physical volume ---
- PV Name /dev/md0
- VG Name
- PV Size 3.03 GiB
- Allocatable NO
- PE Size 0
- Total PE 0
- Free PE 0
- Allocated PE 0
- PV UUID GjGVBh-z3h6-uyD0-xNjQ-LflN-j1gb-XvR4I7
4、根据生成的pv创建vg,参数默认,pe大小默认4M
- [root@srcxtts ~]# vgcreate raidvg /dev/md0
- Volume group "raidvg" successfully created
- [root@srcxtts ~]# vgdisplay raidvg
- --- Volume group ---
- VG Name raidvg
- System ID
- Format lvm2
- Metadata Areas 1
- Metadata Sequence No 1
- VG Access read/write
- VG Status resizable
- MAX LV 0
- Cur LV 0
- Open LV 0
- Max PV 0
- Cur PV 1
- Act PV 1
- VG Size 3.03 GiB
- PE Size 4.00 MiB
- Total PE 775
- Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0
- Free PE / Size 775 / 3.03 GiB
- VG UUID Jx2ZNz-juP4-g8fx-oPJ5-F3Mg-QYn4-WoZ5HO
5、把vg中全部的pe都分配给lv,创建lv
- [root@srcxtts ~]# lvcreate -l 775 -n raidlv raidvg
- Logical volume "raidlv" created
- [root@srcxtts ~]# lvscan
- ACTIVE '/dev/vg_srcxtts/lv_root' [21.58 GiB] inherit
- ACTIVE '/dev/vg_srcxtts/lv_swap' [3.94 GiB] inherit
- ACTIVE '/dev/raidvg/raidlv' [3.03 GiB] inherit
- [root@srcxtts ~]# lvdisplay /dev/raidvg/raidlv
- --- Logical volume ---
- LV Path /dev/raidvg/raidlv
- LV Name raidlv
- VG Name raidvg
- LV UUID rOaylO-3Br7-sUo3-3IRZ-Rf4D-O5V8-A98KGh
- LV Write Access read/write
- LV Creation host, time srcxtts, 2018-05-10 09:29:36 +0800
- LV Status available
- # open 0
- LV Size 3.03 GiB
- Current LE 775
- Segments 1
- Allocation inherit
- Read ahead sectors auto
- - currently set to 6144
- Block device 253:2
6、将lv格式化为ext3文件系统
- [root@srcxtts ~]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/raidvg/raidlv
- mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
- 文件系统标签=
- 操作系统:Linux
- 块大小=4096 (log=2)
- 分块大小=4096 (log=2)
- Stride=128 blocks, Stripe width=384 blocks
- 198400 inodes, 793600 blocks
- 39680 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
- 第一个数据块=0
- Maximum filesystem blocks=813694976
- 25 block groups
- 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
- 7936 inodes per group
- Superblock backups stored on blocks:
- 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912
- 正在写入inode表: 完成
- Creating journal (16384 blocks): 完成
- Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成
- This filesystem will be automatically checked every 33 mounts or
- 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
7、创建挂载点并挂载lv
- [root@srcxtts ~]# mkdir /mnt/raidlvm
- [root@srcxtts ~]# mount /dev/raidvg/raidlv /mnt/raidlvm
- [root@srcxtts ~]# df -h
- 文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用%% 挂载点
- /dev/mapper/vg_srcxtts-lv_root
- 22G 11G 9.4G 54% /
- tmpfs 2.0G 84K 2.0G 1% /dev/shm
- /dev/sda1 477M 60M 392M 14% /boot
- /dev/mapper/raidvg-raidlv
- 3.0G 69M 2.8G 3% /mnt/raidlvm
- [root@srcxtts ~]#
到此整合就完成了。
实验还原:
1、卸载lv文件系统
- [root@srcxtts ~]# umount /mnt/raidlvm
- [root@srcxtts ~]# df -h
- 文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用%% 挂载点
- /dev/mapper/vg_srcxtts-lv_root
- 22G 11G 9.4G 54% /
- tmpfs 2.0G 84K 2.0G 1% /dev/shm
- /dev/sda1 477M 60M 392M 14% /boot
2、移除lv
- [root@srcxtts ~]# lvremove /dev/raidvg/raidlv
- Do you really want to remove active logical volume raidlv? [y/n]: y
- Logical volume "raidlv" successfully removed
3、改变vg的状态为非active
- [root@srcxtts ~]# vgchange -an raidvg
- 0 logical volume(s) in volume group "raidvg" now active
4、移除vg
- [root@srcxtts ~]# vgremove raidvg
- Volume group "raidvg" successfully removed
5、移除pv
- [root@srcxtts ~]# pvremove /dev/md0
- Labels on physical volume "/dev/md0" successfully wiped
6、停md0 raid磁盘
- [root@srcxtts ~]# mdadm --stop /dev/md0
- mdadm: stopped /dev/md0
7、使用fdisk将磁盘还原
- [root@srcxtts ~]# fdisk /dev/sdd
- WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
- switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
- sectors (command 'u').
- Command (m for help): p
- Disk /dev/sdd: 6442 MB, 6442450944 bytes
- 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 783 cylinders
- Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
- Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- Disk identifier: 0x95cc4770
- Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
- /dev/sdd1 1 132 1060258+ 83 Linux
- /dev/sdd2 133 264 1060290 83 Linux
- /dev/sdd3 265 396 1060290 83 Linux
- /dev/sdd4 397 783 3108577+ 5 Extended
- /dev/sdd5 397 528 1060258+ 83 Linux
- /dev/sdd6 529 660 1060258+ 83 Linux
- Command (m for help): d
- Partition number (1-6): 1
- Command (m for help): d
- Partition number (1-6): 2
- Command (m for help): d
- Partition number (1-6): 3
- Command (m for help): d
- Partition number (1-6): 4
- Command (m for help): d
- No partition is defined yet!
- Command (m for help): 5
- 5: unknown command
- Command action
- a toggle a bootable flag
- b edit bsd disklabel
- c toggle the dos compatibility flag
- d delete a partition
- l list known partition types
- m print this menu
- n add a new partition
- o create a new empty DOS partition table
- p print the partition table
- q quit without saving changes
- s create a new empty Sun disklabel
- t change a partition's system id
- u change display/entry units
- v verify the partition table
- w write table to disk and exit
- x extra functionality (experts only)
- Command (m for help): w
- The partition table has been altered!
- Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
- Syncing disks.
- [root@srcxtts ~]# fdisk /dev/sdd
- WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
- switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
- sectors (command 'u').
- Command (m for help): q
- [root@srcxtts ~]# fdisk /dev/sdd -l
- Disk /dev/sdd: 6442 MB, 6442450944 bytes
- 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 783 cylinders
- Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
- Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- Disk identifier: 0x95cc4770
- Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
- [root@srcxtts ~]#