理解dockerfile是如何工作的？

 

1.下面是一个最简单的dockerfile：

 

FROM baserepo RUN do something

 

2.这个dockerfile build完等价于下面的命令：

Step 0 : sudo docker pull baserepo:latest sudo docker run --name baserepo_bash01 -i -t baserepo:latest /bin/bash sudo docker ps -a b779269d5001 sudo docker commit b779269d5001 imagename01 Step 1: sudo docker run --name baserepo_bash02 -i -t imagename01 /bin/bash sudo docker ps -a b779269d5001 b779269d5002 sudo docker exec -d baserepo_bash02 do something sudo docker commit b779269d5002 imagename02 sudo docker run --name baserepo_bash -i -t imagename02 /bin/bash sudo docker ps -a b779269d5001 b779269d5002 b779269d5003 sudo docker stop b779269d5002 sudo docker rm b779269d5002 sudo docker rmi imagename01 sudo docker ps -a b779269d5001 b779269d5003 sudo docker images baserepo:latest imagename02

 

3.如果看不懂这做的事情，那参照下面的例子理解下

 

Take the following Dockerfile: FROM base RUN echo 'foo' > /tmp/foo.txt RUN echo 'bar' >> /tmp/foo.txt and build it: $ docker build --force-rm -t so-26220957 . Sending build context to Docker daemon 3.584 kB Sending build context to Docker daemon Step 0 : FROM base ---> b750fe79269d Step 1 : RUN echo 'foo' > /tmp/foo.txt ---> Running in d37d756f6e55 ---> de1d48805de2 Removing intermediate container d37d756f6e55 Step 2 : RUN echo 'bar' >> /tmp/foo.txt ---> Running in a180fdacd268 ---> 40fd00ee38e1 Removing intermediate container a180fdacd268 Successfully built 40fd00ee38e1 You can now start a new container from b750fe79269d, de1d48805de2 and 40fd00ee38e1: $ docker run --rm b750fe79269d cat /tmp/foo.txt cat: /tmp/foo.txt: No such file or directory $ docker run --rm de1d48805de2 cat /tmp/foo.txt foo $ docker run --rm 40fd00ee38e1 cat /tmp/foo.txt foo bar of course you might want to start a shell to explore the filesystem and try out commands: $ docker run --rm -it de1d48805de2 bash -il root@ecd3ab97cad4:/# ls -l /tmp total 4 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4 Oct 6 18:34 foo.txt root@ecd3ab97cad4:/# cat /tmp/foo.txt foo root@ecd3ab97cad4:/# 来源于：http://stackoverflow.com/questions/26220957/how-can-i-inspect-the-file-system-of-a-failed-docker-build 

 

总结下：dockerfile做的事情其实就是拉镜像，镜像启容器，容器转镜像，镜像再启容器，容器再转镜像，删除中间镜像和容器，大概就是这样的。