移动应用测试框架—Calabash Android 简介

所以我们的 feature 应该是这样的：

Feature: Login feature  Scenario: As a valid user I can log into my app    When I press "Add Contact"

Then I see "Target Account"

Then I enter "hello" into input field number 1    Then I enter "13817861875" into input field number 2    Then I enter "hengwen@hotmail.com" into input field number 3    When I press "Save"

Then I wait for 1 second    Then I toggle checkbox number 1    Then I see "hello"

这里 input field number 就针对了 ContactAdder Activity 中输入框。我现在这样写其实不太友好，比较好的方式是进行再次封装，对 DSL 撰写者透明。比如：

When I enter "hello" as "Contact Name" step_definition When (/^I enter "([^\"]*)" as "([^\"]*)"$/) do | text, target | index = case target when "Contact Name": 1 ... end steps %{ Then I enter #{text} into input field number #{index} }end

这样 feature 可读性会强一点。

运行 feature

在运行之前，我们对 apk 还是得处理下，否则会遇到一些问题。

App did not start (RuntimeError)

因为calabash-android的client和test server需要通信，所以要在 AndroidManifest.xml 中添加权限：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />

ContacterManager 代码本身的问题

由于 ContacerManager 运行时候，需要你一定要有一个账户，如果没有账户 Save 的时候会出错。为了便于运行，我们要修改下。

源代码地址在 $ANDROID_HOME/samples/android-19/legacy/ContactManager，大家自己去找。

需要修改 com.example.android.contactmanager.ContactAdder 类里面的 createContactEntry 方法，我们需要对 mSelectedAccount 进行判断， 修改地方如下：

// Prepare contact creation request // // Note: We use RawContacts because this data must be associated with a particular account. //       The system will aggregate this with any other data for this contact and create a //       coresponding entry in the ContactsContract.Contacts provider for us. ArrayList<ContentProviderOperation> ops = new ArrayList<ContentProviderOperation>(); if(mSelectedAccount != null ) { ops.add(ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(ContactsContract.RawContacts.CONTENT_URI) .withValue(ContactsContract.RawContacts.ACCOUNT_TYPE, mSelectedAccount.getType()) .withValue(ContactsContract.RawContacts.ACCOUNT_NAME, mSelectedAccount.getName()) .build()); } else { ops.add(ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(ContactsContract.RawContacts.CONTENT_URI) .withValue(ContactsContract.RawContacts.ACCOUNT_TYPE, null) .withValue(ContactsContract.RawContacts.ACCOUNT_NAME, null) .build()); }.... if (mSelectedAccount != null) { // Ask the Contact provider to create a new contact Log.i(TAG,"Selected account: " + mSelectedAccount.getName() + " (" + mSelectedAccount.getType() + ")"); } else { Log.i(TAG,"No selected account"); }

代码修改好之后，导出 apk 文件。

运行很简单：

calabash-android run <apk>

如果遇到签名问题，请用： calabash-android resign apk。

可以看看我运行的情况：

?  calabash  calabash-android run ContactManager.apk Feature: Login feature Scenario: As a valid user I can log into my app                # features/my_first.feature:33135 KB/s (556639 bytes in 0.173s)3315 KB/s (26234 bytes in 0.007s) When I press "Add Contact"                                   # calabash-android-0.4.21/lib/calabash-android/steps/press_button_steps.rb:17 Then I see "Target Account"                                  # calabash-android-0.4.21/lib/calabash-android/steps/assert_steps.rb:5 Then I enter "hello" into input field number 1               # calabash-android-0.4.21/lib/calabash-android/steps/enter_text_steps.rb:5 Then I enter "13817861875" into input field number 2         # calabash-android-0.4.21/lib/calabash-android/steps/enter_text_steps.rb:5 Then I enter "hengwen@hotmail.com" into input field number 3 # calabash-android-0.4.21/lib/calabash-android/steps/enter_text_steps.rb:5 When I press "Save"                                          # calabash-android-0.4.21/lib/calabash-android/steps/press_button_steps.rb:17 Then I wait for 1 second                                     # calabash-android-0.4.21/lib/calabash-android/steps/progress_steps.rb:18 Then I toggle checkbox number 1                              # calabash-android-0.4.21/lib/calabash-android/steps/check_box_steps.rb:1 Then I see "hello"                                           # calabash-android-0.4.21/lib/calabash-android/steps/assert_steps.rb:51 scenario (1 passed)9 steps (9 passed)0m28.304s All pass！

大家看到 gif 是 failed，是因为在模拟器上运行的。而上面全部通过的是我在海信手机上运行的。环境不一样，略有差异。

总结

本文是对 calabash-android 的一个简单介绍，做的是抛砖引玉的活。移动测试框架并非 Appium 一家，TesterHome 希望其他框架的话题也能热火起来。watch and learn！\

最新内容请见作者的GitHub页：http://qaseven.github.io/