Zabbix 使用规范和生成报表
参考视频内容：http://www.roncoo.com/course/view/fb3050a5b34b42f39ccad83ebebc89c1
一、软件版本
操作系统：CentOS-6.5-x86_64
zabbix版本：3.0.3
二、zabbix标准：
1、 主机命名规范：
BJ-monitor-h-zabbix-01
**命名规范是，我们看一台主机能够知道主机位于哪里：BJ；做什么的：monitor；虚拟化还是实体机：h；跑什么服务:zabbix 第几台:01
2、 一台主机直接关联多个模板:不用创建多个分组（可以结合CMDB平台）
Memcached ：192.168.10.100
Php
Linux:192.168.10.100
多个模板:192.168.10.100 linux,memcached,port,partion
3、 自定义key开启：Include=/usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf.d/*.conf
方便识别服务名和增删key。也方便结合saltstack等批量工具。
4、 使用模板继承（linux）：
比如系统我们创建有，php,nginx,mysql等模板，所有服务都是基于linux服务器，那么这三个模板我们可以继承linux os模板。
三、zabbix os模板报表出图：
[root@BJ-mail-h-mail-01 alertscripts]# cat zabbix_report.py
#!/usr/bin/python
#coding:utf-8
import MySQLdb
import time,datetime
#zabbix数据库信息：
zdbhost = 'localhost'
zdbuser = 'zabbix'
zdbpass = 'zabbix'
zdbport = 3306
zdbname = 'zabbix'
#生成文件名称：
xlsfilename = 'damo.xls'
#需要查询的key列表 [名称，表名，key值，取值，格式化，数据整除处理]
keys = [
['CPU平均空闲值','trends','system.cpu.util[,idle]','avg','%.2f',1],
['CPU最小空闲值','trends','system.cpu.util[,idle]','min','%.2f',1],
['CPU5分钟负载','trends','system.cpu.load[percpu,avg5]','avg','%.2f',1],
['物理内存大小(单位G)','trends_uint','vm.memory.size[total]','avg','',1048576000],
['可用平均内存(单位G)','trends_uint','vm.memory.size[available]','avg','',1048576000],
['可用最小内存(单位G)','trends_uint','vm.memory.size[available]','min','',1048576000],
['swap总大小(单位G)','trends_uint','system.swap.size[,total]','avg','',1048576000],
['swap平均剩余(单位G)','trends_uint','system.swap.size[,free]','avg','',1048576000],
['根分区总大小(单位G)','trends_uint','vfs.fs.size[/,total]','avg','',1073741824],
['根分区平均剩余(单位G)','trends_uint','vfs.fs.size[/,free]','avg','',1073741824],
]
class ReportForm:
def __init__(self):
'''打开数据库连接'''
self.conn = MySQLdb.connect(host=zdbhost,user=zdbuser,passwd=zdbpass,port=zdbport,db=zdbname)
self.cursor = self.conn.cursor(cursorclass=MySQLdb.cursors.DictCursor)
#生成zabbix哪个分组报表
self.groupname = 'monitor'
#获取IP信息：
self.IpInfoList = self.getHostList()
def getgroupid(self):
'''根据zabbix组名获取该组所有IP'''
#查询组ID:
sql = '''select groupid from groups where name = '%s' ''' % self.groupname
self.cursor.execute(sql)
groupid = self.cursor.fetchone()['groupid']
return groupid
def gethostid(self):
#根据groupid查询该分组下面的所有主机ID（hostid）：
groupid = self.getgroupid()
sql = '''select hostid from hosts_groups where groupid = %s''' % groupid
self.cursor.execute(sql)
hostlist = self.cursor.fetchall()
return hostlist
def getHostList(self):
#生成IP信息字典：结构为{'119.146.207.19':{'hostid':10086L,},}
hostlist = self.gethostid()
IpInfoList = {}
for i in hostlist:
hostid = i['hostid']
sql = '''select host from hosts where status = 0 and hostid = %s''' % hostid
ret = self.cursor.execute(sql)
if ret:
IpInfoList[self.cursor.fetchone()['host']] = {'hostid':hostid}
return IpInfoList
def getItemid(self,hostid,itemname):
'''获取itemid'''
sql = '''select itemid from items where hostid = %s and key_ = '%s' ''' % (hostid, itemname)
if self.cursor.execute(sql):
itemid = self.cursor.fetchone()['itemid']
else:
itemid = None
return itemid
def getTrendsValue(self,type, itemid, start_time, stop_time):
'''查询trends_uint表的值,type的值为min,max,avg三种'''
sql = '''select %s(value_%s) as result from trends where itemid = %s and clock >= %s and clock <= %s''' % (type, type, itemid, start_time, stop_time)
self.cursor.execute(sql)
result = self.cursor.fetchone()['result']
if result == None:
result = 0
return result
def getTrends_uintValue(self,type, itemid, start_time, stop_time):
'''查询trends_uint表的值,type的值为min,max,avg三种'''
sql = '''select %s(value_%s) as result from trends_uint where itemid = %s and clock >= %s and clock <= %s''' % (type, type, itemid, start_time, stop_time)
self.cursor.execute(sql)
result = self.cursor.fetchone()['result']
if result:
result = int(result)
else:
result = 0
return result
def getLastMonthData(self,type,hostid,table,itemname):
'''根据hostid,itemname获取该监控项的值'''
#获取上个月的第一天和最后一天
ts_first = int(time.mktime(datetime.date(datetime.date.today().year,datetime.date.today().month-1,1).timetuple()))
lst_last = datetime.date(datetime.date.today().year,datetime.date.today().month,1)-datetime.timedelta(1)
ts_last = int(time.mktime(lst_last.timetuple()))
itemid = self.getItemid(hostid, itemname)
function = getattr(self,'get%sValue' % table.capitalize())
return function(type,itemid, ts_first, ts_last)
def getInfo(self):
#循环读取IP列表信息
for ip,resultdict in zabbix.IpInfoList.items():
# print "正在查询 IP:%-15s hostid:%5d 的信息！" % (ip, resultdict['hostid'])
#循环读取keys，逐个key统计数据：
#ip 192.168.10.106 resultdict{'hostid': 10134L}
for value in keys:
#['CPU最小空闲值','trends','system.cpu.util[,idle]','min','%.2f',1]
print "\t正在统计 key_:%s" % value[2]
if not value[2] in zabbix.IpInfoList[ip]:
zabbix.IpInfoList[ip][value[2]] = {}
data = zabbix.getLastMonthData(value[3], resultdict['hostid'],value[1],value[2])
zabbix.IpInfoList[ip][value[2]][value[3]] = data
#{'192.168.10.213': {'vfs.fs.size[/,total]': {'avg': 52844687360}, 'hostid': 10285L, 'vm.memory.size[total]': {'avg': 33615073280}, 'system.swap.size[,total]': {'avg': 16877871104}, 'system.cpu.util[,idle]': {'avg': 97.409428410000004, 'min': 94.498400000000004}, 'system.swap.size[,free]': {'avg': 16877871104}, 'vfs.fs.size[/,free]': {'avg': 45307376183}, 'system.cpu.load[percpu,avg5]': {'avg': 0.00272683}, 'vm.memory.size[available]': {'avg': 33064865249, 'min': 32991432704}}
def writeToXls2(self):
'''生成xls文件'''
try:
import xlsxwriter
#创建文件
workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook(xlsfilename)
#创建工作薄
worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet()
#写入第一列：
worksheet.write(0,0,"主机".decode('utf-8'))
i = 1
for ip in self.IpInfoList:
worksheet.write(i,0,ip)
i = i + 1
#写入其他列：
i = 1
for value in keys:
worksheet.write(0,i,value[0].decode('utf-8'))
#写入该列内容：
j = 1
for ip,result in self.IpInfoList.items():
if value[4]:
worksheet.write(j,i, value[4] % result[value[2]][value[3]])
else:
worksheet.write(j,i, result[value[2]][value[3]] / value[5])
j = j + 1
i = i + 1
except Exception,e:
print e
def __del__(self):
'''关闭数据库连接'''
self.cursor.close()
self.conn.close()
if __name__ == "__main__":
zabbix = ReportForm()
zabbix.getInfo()
# zabbix.writeToXls2()
# print zabbix.getTrendsValue("min",)
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