# 01基础篇
# 变量
1 #int
2 one=1
3 some_number=100
4
5 print("one=",one) #print type1
6 print("some_number=",some_number) #python3 print need add ()
7
8 """output
9 one= 1
10 some_number= 100
11 """
1 #booleans
2 true_boolean=True
3 false_boolean=False
4
5 print("true_boolean:",true_boolean)
6 print("False_boolean;",false_boolean)
7
8 """output
9 true_boolean: True
10 False_boolean; False
11 """
1 #string
2 my_name="leizeling"
3
4 print("my_name:{}".format(my_name)) #print type2
5
6 """output
7 true_boolean: True
8 False_boolean; False
9 """
#float
book_price=15.80
print("book_price:{}".format(book_price))
"""output
book_price:15.8
"""
# 控制流：条件语句
1 #if
2 if True:
3 print("Hollo Python if")
4 if 2>1:
5 print("2 is greater than 1")
6
7 """output
8 Hollo Python if
9 2 is greater than 1
10 """
1 #if……else
2 if 1>2:
3 print("1 is greater than 2")
4 else:
5 print("1 is not greater than 2")
6
7 """output
8 true_boolean: True
9 False_boolean; False
10 """
#if……elif……else
if 1>2:
print("1 is greater than 2")
elif 1<2:
print("1 is not greater than 2")
else:
print("1 is equal to 2")
"""output
1 is not greater than 2
"""
# 循环/迭代器
#while
num=1
while num<=10:
print(num)
num+=1
"""output
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
"""
1 #for
2 for i in range(1,11):#range(start,end,step),not including end
3 print(i)
4
5 """output
6 1
7 2
8 3
9 4
10 5
11 6
12 7
13 8
14 9
15 10
16 """
# 02列表：数组数据结构
#create integers list
my_integers=[1,2,3,4,5]
print(my_integers[0])
print(my_integers[1])
print(my_integers[4])
"""output
1
2
5
"""
#create str list
relatives_name=["Toshiaki","Juliana","Yuji","Bruno","Kaio"]
print(relatives_name)
"""output
['Toshiaki', 'Juliana', 'Yuji', 'Bruno', 'Kaio']
"""
1 #add item to list
2 bookshelf=[]
3 bookshelf.append("The Effective Engineer")
4 bookshelf.append("The 4 Hour Work Week")
5 print(bookshelf[0])
6 print(bookshelf[1])
7
8 """output
9 The Effective Engineer
10 The 4 Hour Work Week
11 """
# 03字典：键-值数据结构
#dictionary struct
dictionary_example={"key1":"value1","key2":"value2","key3":"value3"}
dictionary_example
"""output
{'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'value2', 'key3': 'value3'}
"""
#create dictionary
dictionary_tk={"name":"Leandro","nickname":"Tk","nationality":"Brazilian"}
print("My name is %s"%(dictionary_tk["name"]))
print("But you can call me %s"%(dictionary_tk["nickname"]))
print("And by the waay I am {}".format(dictionary_tk["nationality"]))
"""output
My name is Leandro
But you can call me Tk
And by the waay I am Brazilian
"""
1 #dictionary add item
2 dictionary_tk["age"]=24
3 print(dictionary_tk)
4
5 """output
6 {'nationality': 'Brazilian', 'nickname': 'Tk', 'name': 'Leandro', 'age': 24}
7 """
#dictionayr del item
dictionary_tk.pop("age")
print(dictionary_tk)
"""output
{'nationality': 'Brazilian', 'nickname': 'Tk', 'name': 'Leandro'}
"""
# 04迭代：数据结构中的循环
#iteration of list
bookshelf=["The Effective Engineer","The 4 hours work week","Zero to One","Lean Startup","Hooked"]
for book in bookshelf:
print(book)
"""output
The Effective Engineer
The 4 hours work week
Zero to One
Lean Startup
Hooked
"""
1 #哈希数据结构（iteration of dictionary）
2 dictionary_tk={"name":"Leandro","nickname":"Tk","nationality":"Brazilian"}
3 for key in dictionary_tk: #the attribute can use any name,not only use "key"
4 print("%s:%s"%(key,dictionary_tk[key]))
5 print("===================")
6 for key,val in dictionary_tk.items(): #attention:this is use dictionary_tk.items().not direct use dictionary_tk
7 print("{}:{}".format(key,val))
8
9 """output
10 nationality:Brazilian
11 nickname:Tk
12 name:Leandro
13 ===================
14 nationality:Brazilian
15 nickname:Tk
16 name:Leandro
17 """
# 05 类和对象
#define class
class Vechicle:
pass
#create instance
car=Vechicle()
print(car)
""output
<__main__.Vechicle object at 0x000000E3014EED30>
"""
#define class
class Vechicle(object):#object is a base class
def __init__(self,number_of_wheels,type_of_tank,seating_capacity,maximum_velocity):
self.number_of_wheels=number_of_wheels
self.type_of_tank=type_of_tank
self.seating_capacity=seating_capacity
self.maximum_velocity=maximum_velocity
def get_number_of_wheels(self):
return self.number_of_wheels
def set_number_of_wheels(self,number):
self.number_of_wheels=number
#create instance(object)
tesla_models_s=Vechicle(4,"electric",5,250)
tesla_models_s.set_number_of_wheels(8)#方法的调用显得复杂
tesla_models_s.get_number_of_wheels()
"""output
8
"""
#use @property让方法像属性一样使用
#define class
class Vechicle_1(object):#object is a base class
def __init__(self,number_of_wheels,type_of_tank,seating_capacity,maximum_velocity):#first attr must is self,do not input the attr
self._number_of_wheels=number_of_wheels ###属性名和方法名不要重复
self.type_of_tank=type_of_tank
self.seating_capacity=seating_capacity
self.maximum_velocity=maximum_velocity
@property #读属性
def number_of_wheels(self):
return self._number_of_wheels
@number_of_wheels.setter #写属性
def number_of_wheels(self,number):
self._number_of_wheels=number
def make_noise(self):
print("VRUUUUUUUM")
tesla_models_s_1=Vechicle_1(4,"electric",5,250)
print(tesla_models_s_1.number_of_wheels)
tesla_models_s_1.number_of_wheels=2
print(tesla_models_s_1.number_of_wheels)
print(tesla_models_s_1.make_noise())
"""output
4
2
VRUUUUUUUM
None
"""
# 06封装：隐藏信息
1 #公开实例变量
2 class Person:
3 def __init__(self,first_name):
4 self.first_name=first_name
5 tk=Person("TK")
6 print(tk.first_name)
7 tk.first_name="Kaio"
8 print(tk.first_name)
9
10 """output
11 TK
12 Kaio
13 """
#私有实例变量
class Person:
def __init__(self,first_name,email):
self.first_name=first_name
self._email=email
def get_email(self):
return self._email
def update_email(self,email):
self._email=email
tk=Person("TK","tk@mail.com")
tk.update_email("new_tk@mail.com")
print(tk.get_email())
"""output
new_tk@mail.com
"""
#公有方法
class Person:
def __init__(self,first_name,age):
self.first_name=first_name
self._age=age
def show_age(self):
return self._age
tk=Person("TK",24)
print(tk.show_age())
"""output
24
"""
1 #私有方法
2 class Person:
3 def __init__(self,first_name,age):
4 self.first_name=first_name
5 self._age=age
6 def _show_age(self):
7 return self._age
8 def show_age(self):
9 return self._show_age() #此处的self不要少了
10 tk=Person("TK",24)
11 print(tk.show_age())
12
13 """output
14 24
15 """
1 #继承
2 class Car:#父类
3 def __init__(self,number_of_wheels,seating_capacity,maximum_velocity):
4 self.number_of_wheels=number_of_wheels
5 self.seating_capacity=seating_capacity
6 self.maximum_velocity=maximum_velocity
7 class ElectricCar(Car):#派生类
8 def __init(self,number_of_wheels_1,seating_capacity_1,maximum_velocity_1):
9 Car.__init__(self,number_of_wheels_1,seating_capacity_1,maximum_velocity_1) #利用父类进行初始化
10
11 my_electric_car=ElectricCar(4,5,250)
12 print(my_electric_car.number_of_wheels)
13 print(my_electric_car.seating_capacity)
14 print(my_electric_car.maximum_velocity)
15
16 """output
17 4
18 5
19 250
20 """
注：从机器之心转载
