相对于静态存储, 动态存储的优势:

                ● 管理员无需预先创建大量的PV作为存储资源;

                ● 静态存储需要用户申请PVC时保证容量和读写类型与预置PV的容量及读写类型完全匹配, 而动态存储则无需如此.

        本文使用NFS存储类型完成动态存储, 需要如下步骤.

1. 创建NFS服务

        参见上篇文章: 安装NFS服务

2. 部署存储供应卷

        根据PVC的请求, 动态创建PV存储.

[root@bogon statefulset]# cat deployment-nfs.yaml 
kind: Deployment
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
metadata:
  name: nfs-client-provisioner
spec:
  replicas: 1
  strategy:
    type: Recreate
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: nfs-client-provisioner
    spec:
      serviceAccount: nfs-provisioner
      containers:
        - name: nfs-client-provisioner
          image: registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/open-ali/nfs-client-provisioner
          volumeMounts:
            - name: nfs-client-root
              mountPath: /persistentvolumes
          env:
            - name: PROVISIONER_NAME
              value: fuseim.pri/ifs
            - name: NFS_SERVER
              value: 192.168.64.133
            - name: NFS_PATH
              value: /home/nfs
      volumes:
        - name: nfs-client-root
          nfs:
            server: 192.168.64.133
            path: /home/nfs

        创建:

[root@bogon statefulset]# kubectl create -f deployment-nfs.yaml
[root@bogon statefulset]# kubectl get deployment
NAME                     DESIRED   CURRENT   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
nfs-client-provisioner   1         1         1            1           36m

3 部署storageclass

[root@bogon statefulset]# cat storageclass-nfs.yaml 
apiVersion: storage.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: StorageClass
metadata:
  name: managed-nfs-storage 
provisioner: fuseim.pri/ifs

        创建:

[root@bogon statefulset]# kubectl create -f storageclass-nfs.yaml
[root@bogon statefulset]# kubectl get storageclass 
NAME                  PROVISIONER      AGE
managed-nfs-storage   fuseim.pri/ifs   36m

4. 部署StatefulSet验证动态分配

[root@bogon statefulset]# cat statefulset-nfs.yaml 
apiVersion: apps/v1beta1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
  name: web
spec:
  serviceName: "nginx1"
  replicas: 1
  volumeClaimTemplates:
  - metadata:
      name: test 
      annotations:
        volume.beta.kubernetes.io/storage-class: "managed-nfs-storage"
    spec:
      accessModes: [ "ReadWriteOnce" ]
      resources:
        requests:
          storage: 2Gi 
  template:
    metadata:
     labels:
       app: nginx1
    spec:
     serviceAccount: nfs-provisioner
     containers:
     - name: nginx1
       image: nginx:1.7.9
       volumeMounts:
       - mountPath: "/mnt"
         name: test

        创建:

[root@bogon statefulset]# kubectl create -f statefulset-nfs.yaml
statefulset "web" created

        查看pod一直在创建中:

[root@bogon statefulset]# kubectl get pod
NAME                                      READY     STATUS              RESTARTS   AGE
nfs-client-provisioner-56dd854578-p4z8x   1/1       Running             0          3m
web-0                                     0/1       ContainerCreating   0          2m

        开始排错, 查看pod详细信息:

[root@bogon statefulset]# kubectl describe pod web-0 
Name:           web-0
Namespace:      default
...
Events:
  Type     Reason                 Age   From                     Message
  ----     ------                 ----  ----                     -------
  Normal   Scheduled              2m    default-scheduler        Successfully assigned web-0 to 192.168.64.134
  Normal   SuccessfulMountVolume  2m    kubelet, 192.168.64.134  MountVolume.SetUp succeeded for volume "default-token-6bgzc"
  Warning  FailedMount            34s   kubelet, 192.168.64.134  Unable to mount volumes for pod "web-0_default(f7f0dd6a-88d1-11e8-87be-000c2964ecfc)": timeout expired waiting for volumes to attach/mount for pod "default"/"web-0". list of unattached/unmounted volumes=[test]

        查看storageclass:

[root@bogon statefulset]# kubectl describe storageclass managed-nfs-storage 
Name:            managed-nfs-storage
...
Events:
  Type    Reason                Age               From                         Message
  ----    ------                ----              ----                         -------
  Normal  ExternalProvisioning  3s (x18 over 4m)  persistentvolume-controller  waiting for a volume to be created, either by external provisioner "fuseim.pri/ifs" or manually created by system administrator

        可以判断是存储供应出的问题.

        查看供应日志:

[root@bogon statefulset]# kubectl logs -f nfs-client-provisioner-56dd854578-p4z8x
E0716 08:33:59.141420       1 reflector.go:201] github.com/kubernetes-incubator/external-storage/lib/controller/controller.go:411: Failed to list *v1.PersistentVolumeClaim: persistentvolumeclaims is forbidden: User "system:serviceaccount:default:default" cannot list persistentvolumeclaims at the cluster scope
E0716 08:33:59.141995       1 reflector.go:201] github.com/kubernetes-incubator/external-storage/lib/controller/controller.go:384: Failed to list *v1.StorageClass: storageclasses.storage.k8s.io is forbidden: User "system:serviceaccount:default:default" cannot list storageclasses.storage.k8s.io at the cluster scope
E0716 08:34:00.121657       1 reflector.go:201] github.com/kubernetes-incubator/external-storage/lib/controller/controller.go:412: Failed to list *v1.PersistentVolume: persistentvolumes is forbidden: User "system:serviceaccount:default:default" cannot list persistentvolumes at the cluster scope
E0716 08:34:00.147990       1 reflector.go:201] github.com/kubernetes-incubator/external-storage/lib/controller/controller.go:411: Failed to list *v1.PersistentVolumeClaim: persistentvolumeclaims is forbidden: User "system:serviceaccount:default:default" cannot list persistentvolumeclaims at the cluster scope
E0716 08:34:00.152728       1 reflector.go:201] github.com/kubernetes-incubator/external-storage/lib/controller/controller.go:384: Failed to list *v1.StorageClass: storageclasses.storage.k8s.io is forbidden: User "system:serviceaccount:default:default" cannot list storageclasses.storage.k8s.io at the cluster scope
E0716 08:34:01.127057       1 reflector.go:201] github.com/kubernetes-incubator/external-storage/lib/controller/controller.go:412: Failed to list *v1.PersistentVolume: persistentvolumes is forbidden: User "system:serviceaccount:default:default" cannot list persistentvolumes at the cluster scope
E0716 08:34:01.153919       1 reflector.go:201] github.com/kubernetes-incubator/external-storage/lib/controller/controller.go:411: Failed to list *v1.PersistentVolumeClaim: persistentvolumeclaims is forbidden: User "system:serviceaccount:default:default" cannot list persistentvolumeclaims at the cluster scope
E0716 08:34:01.159801       1 reflector.go:201] github.com/kubernetes-incubator/external-storage/lib/controller/controller.go:384: Failed to list *v1.StorageClass: storageclasses.storage.k8s.io is forbidden: User "system:serviceaccount:default:default" cannot list storageclasses.storage.k8s.io at the cluster scope
E0716 08:34:02.134286       1 reflector.go:201] github.com/kubernetes-incubator/external-storage/lib/controller/controller.go:412: Failed to list *v1.PersistentVolume: persistentvolumes is forbidden: User "system:serviceaccount:default:default" cannot list persistentvolumes at the cluster scope
E0716 08:34:02.156738       1 reflector.go:201] github.com/kubernetes-incubator/external-storage/lib/controller/controller.go:411: Failed to list *v1.PersistentVolumeClaim: persistentvolumeclaims is forbidden: User "system:serviceaccount:default:default" cannot list persistentvolumeclaims at the cluster scope
E0716 08:34:02.163755       1 reflector.go:201] github.com/kubernetes-incubator/external-storage/lib/controller/controller.go:384: Failed to list *v1.StorageClass: storageclasses.storage.k8s.io is forbidden: User "system:serviceaccount:default:default" cannot list storageclasses.storage.k8s.io at the cluster scope

        报错没有权限. 需要创建权限体系, 步骤如下.

5 构建权限体系

        ServiceAccount也是一种账号, 供运行在pod中的进程使用, 为pod中的进程提供必要的身份证明.

        创建serviceaccount

[root@bogon statefulset]# cat serviceaccount.yaml 
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: nfs-provisioner

        创建role

[root@bogon statefulset]# cat serviceaccount.yaml 
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: nfs-provisioner
[root@bogon statefulset]# cat clusterrole.yaml 
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: nfs-provisioner-runner
rules:
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["persistentvolumes"]
    verbs: ["get", "list", "watch", "create", "delete"]
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["persistentvolumeclaims"]
    verbs: ["get", "list", "watch", "update"]
  - apiGroups: ["storage.k8s.io"]
    resources: ["storageclasses"]
    verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["events"]
    verbs: ["watch", "create", "update", "patch"]
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["services", "endpoints"]
    verbs: ["get"]
  - apiGroups: ["extensions"]
    resources: ["podsecuritypolicies"]
    resourceNames: ["nfs-provisioner"]
    verbs: ["use"]

        账户和角色绑定

[root@bogon statefulset]# cat clusterrolebinding.yaml 
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: run-nfs-provisioner
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: nfs-provisioner
    namespace: default
roleRef:
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: nfs-provisioner-runner
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io

        创建:

kubectl create -f serviceaccount.yaml -f clusterrole.yaml -f clusterrolebinding.yaml

        在存储供应卷和StatefulSet文件中分别放入如下配置:

serviceAccount: nfs-provisioner

        例如StatefulSet文件:

[root@bogon statefulset]# cat statefulset-nfs.yaml 
apiVersion: apps/v1beta1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
  name: web
spec:
  serviceName: "nginx1"
  replicas: 1
  volumeClaimTemplates:
  - metadata:
      name: test 
      annotations:
        volume.beta.kubernetes.io/storage-class: "managed-nfs-storage"
    spec:
      accessModes: [ "ReadWriteOnce" ]
      resources:
        requests:
          storage: 2Gi 
  template:
    metadata:
     labels:
       app: nginx1
    spec:
     serviceAccount: nfs-provisioner
     containers:
     - name: nginx1
       image: nginx:1.7.9
       volumeMounts:
       - mountPath: "/mnt"
         name: test

         kubernetes1.6以后默认开启rbac, 做完如上操作然后再次创建即可.