Spring Boot Security 整合 OAuth2 设计安全API接口服务

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地址：https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/0PAUErDh0qmcR4SUsTn15Q

简介

OAuth是一个关于授权（authorization）的开放网络标准，在全世界得到广泛应用，目前的版本是2.0版。本文重点讲解Spring Boot项目对OAuth2进行的实现，如果你对OAuth2不是很了解，你可以先理解 OAuth 2.0 - 阮一峰，这是一篇对于oauth2很好的科普文章。

OAuth2概述

oauth2根据使用场景不同，分成了4种模式

• 授权码模式（authorization code）
• 简化模式（implicit）
• 密码模式（resource owner password credentials）
• 客户端模式（client credentials）

在项目中我们通常使用授权码模式，也是四种模式中最复杂的，通常网站中经常出现的微博，qq第三方登录，都会采用这个形式。

Oauth2授权主要由两部分组成：

• Authorization server：认证服务
• Resource server：资源服务

在实际项目中以上两个服务可以在一个服务器上，也可以分开部署。下面结合spring boot来说明如何使用。

快速上手

之前的文章已经对 Spring Security 进行了讲解，这一节对涉及到 Spring Security 的配置不详细讲解。若不了解 Spring Security 先移步到 Spring Boot Security 详解。

建表

客户端信息可以存储在内存、redis和数据库。在实际项目中通常使用redis和数据库存储。本文采用数据库。Spring 0Auth2 己经设计好了数据库的表，且不可变。表及字段说明参照：Oauth2数据库表说明 。

创建0Auth2数据库的脚本如下:

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `clientdetails`; DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `oauth_access_token`; DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `oauth_approvals`; DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `oauth_client_details`; DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `oauth_client_token`; DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `oauth_refresh_token`; CREATE TABLE `clientdetails` ( `appId` varchar(128) NOT NULL, `resourceIds` varchar(256) DEFAULT NULL, `appSecret` varchar(256) DEFAULT NULL, `scope` varchar(256) DEFAULT NULL, `grantTypes` varchar(256) DEFAULT NULL, `redirectUrl` varchar(256) DEFAULT NULL, `authorities` varchar(256) DEFAULT NULL, `access_token_validity` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, `refresh_token_validity` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, `additionalInformation` varchar(4096) DEFAULT NULL, `autoApproveScopes` varchar(256) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`appId`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; CREATE TABLE `oauth_access_token` ( `token_id` varchar(256) DEFAULT NULL, `token` blob, `authentication_id` varchar(128) NOT NULL, `user_name` varchar(256) DEFAULT NULL, `client_id` varchar(256) DEFAULT NULL, `authentication` blob, `refresh_token` varchar(256) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`authentication_id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; CREATE TABLE `oauth_approvals` ( `userId` varchar(256) DEFAULT NULL, `clientId` varchar(256) DEFAULT NULL, `scope` varchar(256) DEFAULT NULL, `status` varchar(10) DEFAULT NULL, `expiresAt` datetime DEFAULT NULL, `lastModifiedAt` datetime DEFAULT NULL ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; CREATE TABLE `oauth_client_details` ( `client_id` varchar(128) NOT NULL, `resource_ids` varchar(256) DEFAULT NULL, `client_secret` varchar(256) DEFAULT NULL, `scope` varchar(256) DEFAULT NULL, `authorized_grant_types` varchar(256) DEFAULT NULL, `web_server_redirect_uri` varchar(256) DEFAULT NULL, `authorities` varchar(256) DEFAULT NULL, `access_token_validity` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, `refresh_token_validity` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, `additional_information` varchar(4096) DEFAULT NULL, `autoapprove` varchar(256) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`client_id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; CREATE TABLE `oauth_client_token` ( `token_id` varchar(256) DEFAULT NULL, `token` blob, `authentication_id` varchar(128) NOT NULL, `user_name` varchar(256) DEFAULT NULL, `client_id` varchar(256) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`authentication_id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `oauth_code`; CREATE TABLE `oauth_code` ( `code` varchar(256) DEFAULT NULL, `authentication` blob ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; CREATE TABLE `oauth_refresh_token` ( `token_id` varchar(256) DEFAULT NULL, `token` blob, `authentication` blob ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; 

为了测试方便，我们先插入一条客户端信息。

INSERT INTO `oauth_client_details` VALUES ('dev', '', 'dev', 'app', 'password,client_credentials,authorization_code,refresh_token', 'http://www.baidu.com', '', 3600, 3600, '{\"country\":\"CN\",\"country_code\":\"086\"}', 'false');

用户、权限、角色用到的表如下:

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`; DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `role`; DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user_role`; DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `role_permission`; DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `permission`; CREATE TABLE `user` ( `id` bigint(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `username` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `password` varchar(255) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ); CREATE TABLE `role` ( `id` bigint(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `name` varchar(255) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ); CREATE TABLE `user_role` ( `user_id` bigint(11) NOT NULL, `role_id` bigint(11) NOT NULL ); CREATE TABLE `role_permission` ( `role_id` bigint(11) NOT NULL, `permission_id` bigint(11) NOT NULL ); CREATE TABLE `permission` ( `id` bigint(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `url` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `name` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `description` varchar(255) NULL, `pid` bigint(11) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ); INSERT INTO user (id, username, password) VALUES (1,'user','e10adc3949ba59abbe56e057f20f883e'); INSERT INTO user (id, username , password) VALUES (2,'admin','e10adc3949ba59abbe56e057f20f883e'); INSERT INTO role (id, name) VALUES (1,'USER'); INSERT INTO role (id, name) VALUES (2,'ADMIN'); INSERT INTO permission (id, url, name, pid) VALUES (1,'/**','',0); INSERT INTO permission (id, url, name, pid) VALUES (2,'/**','',0); INSERT INTO user_role (user_id, role_id) VALUES (1, 1); INSERT INTO user_role (user_id, role_id) VALUES (2, 2); INSERT INTO role_permission (role_id, permission_id) VALUES (1, 1); INSERT INTO role_permission (role_id, permission_id) VALUES (2, 2);

项目结构

resources |____templates | |____login.html | |____application.yml java |____com | |____gf | | |____SpringbootSecurityApplication.java | | |____config | | | |____SecurityConfig.java | | | |____MyFilterSecurityInterceptor.java | | | |____MyInvocationSecurityMetadataSourceService.java | | | |____ResourceServerConfig.java | | | |____WebResponseExceptionTranslateConfig.java | | | |____AuthorizationServerConfiguration.java | | | |____MyAccessDecisionManager.java | | |____entity | | | |____User.java | | | |____RolePermisson.java | | | |____Role.java | | |____mapper | | | |____PermissionMapper.java | | | |____UserMapper.java | | | |____RoleMapper.java | | |____controller | | | |____HelloController.java | | | |____MainController.java | | |____service | | | |____MyUserDetailsService.java

关键代码

pom.xml

<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-oauth2-client</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-oauth2-resource-server</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.security.oauth.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-security-oauth2-autoconfigure</artifactId> <version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version> </dependency>

SecurityConfig

支持password模式要配置AuthenticationManager

@Configuration @EnableWebSecurity public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter { @Autowired private MyUserDetailsService userService; @Override protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception { //校验用户 auth.userDetailsService( userService ).passwordEncoder( new PasswordEncoder() { //对密码进行加密 @Override public String encode(CharSequence charSequence) { System.out.println(charSequence.toString()); return DigestUtils.md5DigestAsHex(charSequence.toString().getBytes()); } //对密码进行判断匹配 @Override public boolean matches(CharSequence charSequence, String s) { String encode = DigestUtils.md5DigestAsHex(charSequence.toString().getBytes()); boolean res = s.equals( encode ); return res; } } ); } @Override protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception { http.csrf().disable(); http.requestMatchers() .antMatchers("/oauth/**","/login","/login-error") .and() .authorizeRequests() .antMatchers("/oauth/**").authenticated() .and() .formLogin().loginPage( "/login" ).failureUrl( "/login-error" ); } @Override @Bean public AuthenticationManager authenticationManagerBean() throws Exception{ return super.authenticationManager(); } @Bean public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() { return new PasswordEncoder() { @Override public String encode(CharSequence charSequence) { return charSequence.toString(); } @Override public boolean matches(CharSequence charSequence, String s) { return Objects.equals(charSequence.toString(),s); } }; } }

AuthorizationServerConfiguration 认证服务器配置

/** * 认证服务器配置 */ @Configuration @EnableAuthorizationServer public class AuthorizationServerConfiguration extends AuthorizationServerConfigurerAdapter { /** * 注入权限验证控制器 来支持 password grant type */ @Autowired private AuthenticationManager authenticationManager; /** * 注入userDetailsService，开启refresh_token需要用到 */ @Autowired private MyUserDetailsService userDetailsService; /** * 数据源 */ @Autowired private DataSource dataSource; /** * 设置保存token的方式，一共有五种，这里采用数据库的方式 */ @Autowired private TokenStore tokenStore; @Autowired private WebResponseExceptionTranslator webResponseExceptionTranslator; @Bean public TokenStore tokenStore() { return new JdbcTokenStore( dataSource ); } @Override public void configure(AuthorizationServerSecurityConfigurer security) throws Exception { /** * 配置oauth2服务跨域 */ CorsConfigurationSource source = new CorsConfigurationSource() { @Override public CorsConfiguration getCorsConfiguration(HttpServletRequest request) { CorsConfiguration corsConfiguration = new CorsConfiguration(); corsConfiguration.addAllowedHeader("*"); corsConfiguration.addAllowedOrigin(request.getHeader( HttpHeaders.ORIGIN)); corsConfiguration.addAllowedMethod("*"); corsConfiguration.setAllowCredentials(true); corsConfiguration.setMaxAge(3600L); return corsConfiguration; } }; security.tokenKeyAccess("permitAll()") .checkTokenAccess("permitAll()") .allowFormAuthenticationForClients() .addTokenEndpointAuthenticationFilter(new CorsFilter(source)); } @Override public void configure(ClientDetailsServiceConfigurer clients) throws Exception { clients.jdbc(dataSource); } @Override public void configure(AuthorizationServerEndpointsConfigurer endpoints) throws Exception { //开启密码授权类型 endpoints.authenticationManager(authenticationManager); //配置token存储方式 endpoints.tokenStore(tokenStore); //自定义登录或者鉴权失败时的返回信息 endpoints.exceptionTranslator(webResponseExceptionTranslator); //要使用refresh_token的话，需要额外配置userDetailsService endpoints.userDetailsService( userDetailsService ); } }

ResourceServerConfig 资源服务器配置

/** * 资源提供端的配置 */ @Configuration @EnableResourceServer public class ResourceServerConfig extends ResourceServerConfigurerAdapter { /** * 这里设置需要token验证的url * 这些url可以在WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter中排除掉， * 对于相同的url，如果二者都配置了验证 * 则优先进入ResourceServerConfigurerAdapter,进行token验证。而不会进行 * WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter 的 basic auth或表单认证。 */ @Override public void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception { http.requestMatchers().antMatchers("/hi") .and() .authorizeRequests() .antMatchers("/hi").authenticated(); } }

关键代码就是这些，其他类代码参照后面提供的源码地址。

验证

密码授权模式

[ 密码模式需要参数：username , password , grant_type , client_id , client_secret ]

请求token

curl -X POST -d "username=admin&password=123456&grant_type=password&client_id=dev&client_secret=dev" http://localhost:8080/oauth/token

返回

{ "access_token": "d94ec0aa-47ee-4578-b4a0-8cf47f0e8639", "token_type": "bearer", "refresh_token": "23503bc7-4494-4795-a047-98db75053374", "expires_in": 3475, "scope": "app" }

不携带token访问资源，

curl http://localhost:8080/hi\?name\=zhangsan

返回提示未授权

{ "error": "unauthorized", "error_description": "Full authentication is required to access this resource" }

携带token访问资源

curl http://localhost:8080/hi\?name\=zhangsan\&access_token\=164471f7-6fc6-4890-b5d2-eb43bda3328a

返回正确

hi , zhangsan

刷新token

curl -X POST -d 'grant_type=refresh_token&refresh_token=23503bc7-4494-4795-a047-98db75053374&client_id=dev&client_secret=dev' http://localhost:8080/oauth/token

返回

{ "access_token": "ef53eb01-eb9b-46d8-bd58-7a0f9f44e30b", "token_type": "bearer", "refresh_token": "23503bc7-4494-4795-a047-98db75053374", "expires_in": 3599, "scope": "app" }

客户端授权模式

[ 客户端模式需要参数：grant_type , client_id , client_secret ]

请求token

curl -X POST -d "grant_type=client_credentials&client_id=dev&client_secret=dev" http://localhost:8080/oauth/token

返回

{ "access_token": "a7be47b3-9dc8-473e-967a-c7267682dc66", "token_type": "bearer", "expires_in": 3564, "scope": "app" }

授权码模式

获取code

浏览器中访问如下地址：

http://localhost:8080/oauth/authorize?response_type=code&client_id=dev&redirect_uri=http://www.baidu.com

跳转到登录页面，输入账号和密码进行认证：

认证后会跳转到授权确认页面（oauth_client_details 表中 “autoapprove” 字段设置为true 时，不会出授权确认页面）：

确认后，会跳转到百度，并且地址栏中会带上我们想得到的code参数：

通过code换token

curl -X POST -d "grant_type=authorization_code&code=qS03iu&client_id=dev&client_secret=dev&redirect_uri=http://www.baidu.com" http://localhost:8080/oauth/token

返回

{ "access_token": "90a246fa-a9ee-4117-8401-ca9c869c5be9", "token_type": "bearer", "refresh_token": "23503bc7-4494-4795-a047-98db75053374", "expires_in": 3319, "scope": "app" }

参考

https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000012260914

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/28537181/spring-security-oauth2-which-decides-security

源码

https://github.com/gf-huanchupk/SpringBootLearning/tree/master/springboot-security-oauth2