安装环境

主机	ip	操作系统
master	10.30.45.239	centos7.4
slave1	10.31.155.33	centos7.4
slave2	10.81.233.67	centos7.4

阿里云3台ecs搭建一个小型的hbase分布式数据存储（这里的ip都是内网）。一台作为主master两台作为从slave。

安装步骤

• 安装vim编辑器
• 安装ssh
• 配置ssh免密码登陆
• 安装jdk
• 安装hadoop
• 安装zookeeper
• 安装时间同步服务 NTP
• 安装hbase

准备工作

版本

centos7.4 内核为3.10
Hadoop 2.8.3
Hbase 1.2.6
Zookeeper 3.4.10
Sqoop 1.4.7
Phoenix 4.13.1

修改hostname

# vim /etc/hostname 输入自定义主机名 ,三台都要改 

修改hosts文件

分别登陆三台主机，修改hosts

vim /etc/hosts --添加以下信息（三台都要改） 10.30.45.239 master 10.31.155.33 slave1 10.81.233.67 slave2 

登陆master，下载所有安装包

--下载jdk8u31 wget --no-check-certificate --no-cookies --header "Cookie: oraclelicense=accept-securebackup-cookie" http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/8u131-b11/d54c1d3a095b4ff2b6607d096fa80163/jdk-8u131-linux-x64.tar.gz -- 下载 hadoop-2.8.3 wget http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/hadoop/common/hadoop-2.8.3/hadoop-2.8.3.tar.gz --下载hbase 1.2.6 wget http://mirrors.hust.edu.cn/apache/hbase/1.2.6/hbase-1.2.6-bin.tar.gz --下载zookeeper 3.4.10 wget http://apache.claz.org/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.10/zookeeper-3.4.10.tar.gz --下载phoenix4.13.1 wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/phoenix/apache-phoenix-4.13.1-HBase-1.2/bin/apache-phoenix-4.13.1-HBase-1.2-bin.tar.gz --下载sqoop1.4.7 wget http://mirror.cogentco.com/pub/apache/sqoop/1.4.7/sqoop-1.4.7.bin__hadoop-2.6.0.tar.gz 

写这篇文章的时候是2018年4月。适当选择稳定的版本安装。下载官网如下：

• jdk ： http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html
• hadoop：http://hadoop.apache.org/releases.html
• hbase: http://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.lua/hbase/
• zookeeper: http://zookeeper.apache.org/releases.html
• sqoop: http://sqoop.apache.org
• phoenix: https://phoenix.apache.org/

设置3台ecs之间免密登陆

方便后期之间文件复制。

# # slave1 # ssh-keygen -t rsa -- 不用输入密码，一路回车就行 # cp ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub ~/.ssh/slave1_id_rsa.pub # scp ~/.ssh/slave1_id_rsa.pub master:~/.ssh/ # # slave2 # ssh-keygen -t rsa # cp ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub ~/.ssh/slave2_id_rsa.pub # scp ~/.ssh/slave2_id_rsa.pub master:~/.ssh/ # # master ssh-keygen -t rsa # cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys # cat ~/.ssh/slave1_id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys # cat ~/.ssh/slave2_id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_kyes -- 拷贝文件至slave1及slave2 # scp ~/.ssh/authorized_keys slave1:~/.ssh # scp ~/.ssh/authorized_keys slave2:~/.ssh 

关闭防火墙及SELINUX（master、slave1、slave2均需修改）

-- 关闭防火墙 # systemctl stop firewalld.service # systemctl disable firewalld.service -- 关闭SELINUX # vim /etc/selinux/config -- 注释掉 #SELINUX=enforcing #SELINUXTYPE=targeted -- 添加 SELINUX=disabled 

设置时间同步

这里省略，第一我懒得配，第二阿里云有自动同步

安装jdk

登陆master -- 解压jdk安装包 # mkdir /usr/java # tar -zxvf jdk-8u131-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/java -- 拷贝jdk至slave1及slave2中 # scp -r /usr/java slave1:/usr # scp -r /usr/java slave2:/usr -- 设置jdk环境变量（master、slave1、slave2均需修改） # vim /etc/environment JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_131 JRE_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_131/jre # vim /etc/profile export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_131 export JRE_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}/jre export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/rt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin 

搭建Hadoop环境

解压安装

登陆master # tar -zxvf hadoop-2.8.3-x64.tar.gz -C /usr # cd /usr/hadoop-2.8.3 # mkdir tmp logs hdf hdf/data hdf/name 

修改Hadoop配置文件

-- 修改 slaves 文件 # vim /usr/hadoop-2.8.3/etc/hadoop/slaves -- 删除 localhost，添加 slave1 slave2 -- 修改 core-site.xml 文件 # vim /usr/hadoop-2.8.3/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml -- 在 configuration 节点中添加以下内容 <property> <name>fs.default.name</name> <value>hdfs://master:9000</value> </property> <property> <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name> <value>file:/usr/hadoop-2.8.3/tmp</value> </property> -- 修改 hdfs-site.xml 文件 # vim /usr/hadoop-2.8.3/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml -- 在 configuration 节点添加以下内容 <property> <name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name> <value>/usr/hadoop-2.8.3/hdf/data</value> <final>true</final> </property> <property> <name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name> <value>/usr/hadoop-2.8.3/hdf/name</value> <final>true</final> </property> -- 修改 mapred-site.xml 文件 # cp /usr/hadoop-2.8.3/etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml.template /usr/hadoop-2.8.3/etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml # vim /usr/hadoop-2.8.3/etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml -- 在 configuration 节点添加以下内容 <property> <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name> <value>yarn</value> </property> <property> <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.address</name> <value>master:10020</value> </property> <property> <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.webapp.address</name> <value>master:19888</value> </property> -- 修改 yarn-site.xml 文件 # vim /usr/hadoop-2.8.3/etc/hadoop/yarn-site.xml -- 在 configuration 节点添加以下内容 <property> <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services.mapreduce.shuffle.class</name> <value>org.apache.mapred.ShuffleHandler</value> </property> <property> <name>yarn.resourcemanager.address</name> <value>master:8032</value> </property> <property> <name>yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.address</name> <value>master:8030</value> </property> <property> <name>yarn.resourcemanager.resource-tracker.address</name> <value>master:8031</value> </property> <property> <name>yarn.resourcemanager.admin.address</name> <value>master:8033</value> </property> <property> <name>yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.address</name> <value>master:8088</value> </property> 

复制hadoop到slave节点

# scp -r /usr/hadoop-2.8.3 slave1:/usr # scp -r /usr/hadoop-2.8.3 slave2:/usr 

配置 master 和 slave 的 hadoop 环境变量

# vim /etc/profile -- 添加如下内容 export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/hadoop-2.8.3 export PATH=$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin:$PATH export HADOOP_LOG_DIR=/usr/hadoop-2.8.3/logs export YARN_LOG_DIR=$HADOOP_LOG_DIR -- 保存后执行 # source /etc/profile # vim ~/.bashrc -- 添加如下内容 export HADOOP_PREFIX=/usr/hadoop-2.8.3/ -- 保存后执行 # source ~/.bashrc 

格式化 namenode

# /usr/hadoop-2.8.3/sbin/hdfs namenode -format 

启动 hadoop（仅在master节点执行）

# ssh master # /usr/hadoop-2.8.3/sbin/start-all.sh 

到这一步已经成功完成了hadoop环境的搭建

Zookeeper环境搭建

解压缩 zookeeper 安装包到master，并建立基本目录

# tar -zxvf zookeeper-3.4.10.tar.gz -C /usr # mkdir /usr/zookeeper-3.4.10/data 

修改master配置文件

-- 复制配置文件模板 # cp /usr/zookeeper-3.4.10/conf/zoo-sample.cfg /usr/zookeeper-3.4.10/conf/zoo.cfg -- 修改配置文件 # vim /usr/zookeeper-3.4.10/conf/zoo.cfg -- 添加如下内容 dataDir=/usr/zookeeper-3.4.10/data server.1=master:2888:3888 server.2=slave1:2888:3888 server.3=slave2:2888:3888 

复制到各个子节点

# scp -r /usr/zookeeper-3.4.10 slave1:/usr # scp -r /usr/zookeeper-3.4.10 slave2:/usr 

创建myid文件

-- master节点添加myid文件 # ssh master # touch /usr/zookeeper-3.4.10/data/myid # echo 1 > /usr/zookeeper-3.4.10/data/myid -- slave1节点添加myid文件 # ssh slave1 # touch /usr/zookeeper-3.4.10/data/myid # echo 2 > /usr/zookeeper-3.4.10/data/myid -- slave2节点添加myid文件 # ssh slave2 # touch /usr/zookeeper-3.4.10/data/myid # echo 3 > /usr/zookeeper-3.4.10/data/myid 

启动zookeeper（master、slave1、slave2均需执行）

-- 启动master # ssh master # cd /usr/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin # ./zkServer.sh start -- 启动slave1 # ssh slave1 # cd /usr/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin # ./zkServer.sh start -- 启动slave2 # ssh slave2 # cd /usr/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin # ./zkServer.sh start 

到这一步完成了zookeeper环境的搭建

HBase环境搭建

解压缩hbase安装包

# tar -zxvf hbase-1.2.6-bin.star.gz -C /usr # mkdir /usr/hbase-1.2.6-bin/logs 

修改Hbase启动时要使用的环境变量（hbase-env.sh）

-- 打开环境变量配置文件 # vim /usr/hbase-1.2.6/conf/hbase-env.sh -- 添加如下内容 -- 1、设置java安装路径 export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_131 -- 2、设置hbase的日志地址 export HBASE_LOG_DIR=${HBASE_HOME}/logs -- 3、设置是否使用hbase管理zookeeper（因使用zookeeper管理的方式，故此参数设置为false） export HBASE_MANAGES_ZK=false -- 4、设置hbase的pid文件存放路径 export HBASE_PID_DIR=/var/hadoop/pids 

添加所有的region服务器到regionservers文件中

– 打开regionservers配置文件

# vim /usr/hbase-1.2.5/conf/regionservers -- 删除localhost，新增如下内容 master slave1 slave2 注：hbase在启动或关闭时会依次迭代访问每一行来启动或关闭所有的region服务器进程 

修改Hbase集群的基本配置信息（hbase-site.xml），该配置将会覆盖Hbase的默认配置

-- 打开配置文件 # vim /usr/hbase-1.2.6/conf/hbase-site.xml -- 在configuration节点下添加如下内容 <property> <name>hbase.rootdir</name> <value>hdfs://master:9000/hbase</value> </property> <property> <name>hbase.cluster.distributed</name> <value>true</value> </property> <property> <name>hbase.zookeeper.quorum</name> <value>master,slave1,slave2</value> </property> <property> <name>hbase.zookeeper.property.dataDir</name> <value>/usr/zookeeper-3.4.10/data</value> </property> <property> <name>hbase.master</name> <value>hdfs://master:60000</value> </property> 

复制hbase到slave中

# scp -r /usr/hbase-1.2.6 slave1:/usr # scp -r /usr/hbase-1.2.6 slave2:/usr 

启动hbase（仅在master节点上执行即可）

# ssh master # /usr/hbase-1.2.5/bin/start-hbase.sh 

到这一步hbase环境搭建完成

本地测试

使用Habse shell连接Hbase

cd /usr/hbase-1.2.6/bin/ ./hbase shell 

创建user1表

create 'user1','personalinfo'

对user1简单CURD

插入

put 'user1','roow1','personalinfo:name','zhangsan'

查询

get 'user1','row1','personalinfo:name'

其他命令 help查询就好

hbase(main):001:0> help HBase Shell, version 1.2.6, rUnknown, Mon May 29 02:25:32 CDT 2017 Type 'help "COMMAND"', (e.g. 'help "get"' -- the quotes are necessary) for help on a specific command. Commands are grouped. Type 'help "COMMAND_GROUP"', (e.g. 'help "general"') for help on a command group. COMMAND GROUPS: Group name: general Commands: status, table_help, version, whoami Group name: ddl Commands: alter, alter_async, alter_status, create, describe, disable, disable_all, drop, drop_all, enable, enable_all, exists, get_table, is_disabled, is_enabled, list, locate_region, show_filters Group name: namespace Commands: alter_namespace, create_namespace, describe_namespace, drop_namespace, list_namespace, list_namespace_tables Group name: dml Commands: append, count, delete, deleteall, get, get_counter, get_splits, incr, put, scan, truncate, truncate_preserve Group name: tools Commands: assign, balance_switch, balancer, balancer_enabled, catalogjanitor_enabled, catalogjanitor_run, catalogjanitor_switch, close_region, compact, compact_rs, flush, major_compact, merge_region, move, normalize, normalizer_enabled, normalizer_switch, split, trace, unassign, wal_roll, zk_dump Group name: replication Commands: add_peer, append_peer_tableCFs, disable_peer, disable_table_replication, enable_peer, enable_table_replication, list_peers, list_replicated_tables, remove_peer, remove_peer_tableCFs, set_peer_tableCFs, show_peer_tableCFs Group name: snapshots Commands: clone_snapshot, delete_all_snapshot, delete_snapshot, list_snapshots, restore_snapshot, snapshot Group name: configuration Commands: update_all_config, update_config Group name: quotas Commands: list_quotas, set_quota Group name: security Commands: grant, list_security_capabilities, revoke, user_permission Group name: procedures Commands: abort_procedure, list_procedures Group name: visibility labels Commands: add_labels, clear_auths, get_auths, list_labels, set_auths, set_visibility SHELL USAGE: Quote all names in HBase Shell such as table and column names. Commas delimit command parameters. Type <RETURN> after entering a command to run it. Dictionaries of configuration used in the creation and alteration of tables are Ruby Hashes. They look like this: {'key1' => 'value1', 'key2' => 'value2', ...} and are opened and closed with curley-braces. Key/values are delimited by the '=>' character combination. Usually keys are predefined constants such as NAME, VERSIONS, COMPRESSION, etc. Constants do not need to be quoted. Type 'Object.constants' to see a (messy) list of all constants in the environment. If you are using binary keys or values and need to enter them in the shell, use double-quote'd hexadecimal representation. For example: hbase> get 't1', "key\x03\x3f\xcd" hbase> get 't1', "key\003\023\011" hbase> put 't1', "test\xef\xff", 'f1:', "\x01\x33\x40" The HBase shell is the (J)Ruby IRB with the above HBase-specific commands added. For more on the HBase Shell, see http://hbase.apache.org/book.html